Article
Virology
Anshuman Elhence, Achintya Singh, Abhinav Anand, Ramesh Kumar, Anzar Ashraf, Sonu Kumar, Dibyabhaba Pradhan, Piyush Pathak, Manas Vaishnav, Mahendra Singh Rajput, Vikas Banyal, Baibaswata Nayak, Shalimar
Summary: This study analyzed the outcomes of re-treatment among chronic hepatitis C patients with previous DAA treatment failure. The results showed that re-treatment with pan-genotypic DAAs achieved high SVR12 rates, regardless of genotype or the presence of resistance-associated substitutions (RAS).
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Roberto Cannella, Federica Vernuccio, Ciro Celsa, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Vincenza Calvaruso, Silvia Greco, Salvatore Battaglia, Kingshuk Roy Choudhury, An Tang, Massimo Midiri, Vito Di Marco, Calogero Camma, Giuseppe Brancatelli
Summary: The study found that DAA therapy does not increase the progression of indeterminate observations to malignant categories. The initial LI-RADS category is an independent predictor of observations upgrade.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aleksandra Berkan-Kawinska, Anna Piekarska, Ewa Janczewska, Beata Lorenc, Magdalena Tudrujek-Zdunek, Krzysztof Tomasiewicz, Hanna Berak, Andrzej Horban, Dorota Zarebska-Michaluk, Pawel Pabjan, Iwona Buczynska, Monika Pazgan-Simon, Dorota Dybowska, Waldemar Halota, Malgorzata Pawlowska, Jakub Klapaczynski, Wlodzimierz Mazur, Agnieszka Czau(z) over dot-Andrzejuk, Lukasz Socha, Lukasz Laurans, Aleksander Garlicki, Marek Sitko, Jerzy Jaroszewicz, Jolanta Citko, Beata Dobracka, Rafal Krygier, Jolanta Bialkowska-Warzecha, Olga Tronina, Teresa Belica-Wdowik, Barbara Baka-Cwierz, Robert Flisiak
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the real-life effectiveness and safety of direct acting antivirals for patients with cirrhosis and history of hepatic decompensation. Results indicated that despite higher frequency of adverse events and treatment modifications in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, once completed, DAAs yield comparable results for decompensated and compensated cirrhosis patients. High rate of serious adverse events in patients with advanced liver disease treated with protease inhibitors may not be related to the medications themselves.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lucia Aronica, Jose M. Ordovas, Andrey Volkov, Joseph J. Lamb, Peter Michael Stone, Deanna Minich, Michelle Leary, Monique Class, Dina Metti, Ilona A. Larson, Nikhat Contractor, Brent Eck, Jeffrey S. Bland
Summary: Metabolic detoxification is a physiological function that removes toxic substances from our body. This review summarizes the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within detox genes with detox metabolism and provides a strength of evidence score for each SNP. It also presents the association of these SNPs with functional biomarkers of detox metabolism in a pragmatic clinical trial.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Caique Manochio, Sabrina Torres-Loureiro, Mariana M. Scudeler, Bruno Miwa, Fernanda C. Souza-Santos, Fernanda Rodrigues-Soares
Summary: COVID-19 is a systemic disease with complex clinical presentation and outcomes that vary among individuals and populations. Theranostics, the fusion of therapeutics and diagnostics, is crucial for optimizing the efficacy and safety of antiviral drugs against COVID-19. It also aids in the design and implementation of clinical trials with antiviral drug candidates. This expert review discusses the importance of theranostics in the context of drugs such as remdesivir, Paxlovid, and molnupiravir. Overall, theranostics is essential for effective and safe health interventions against COVID-19 and other ecological crises in the 21st century.
OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiaozhong Wang, Lai Wei
Summary: GT3 infection is associated with rapid hepatic disease progression, and early HCV clearance is crucial for improving prognosis, especially in cirrhotic patients. The characteristics and treatment outcomes of GT3 infection in China differ significantly from those in Western countries, with GT3b infection posing a challenge to cure. Further research and tailored treatment strategies are needed to address this clinical gap.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eiichi Ogawa, Akira Kawano, Aritsune Ooho, Norihiro Furusyo, Takeaki Satoh, Kazuhiro Takahashi, Eiji Kajiwara, Kazufumi Dohmen, Makoto Nakamuta, Koichi Azuma, Toshimasa Koyanagi, Nobuyuki Yamashita, Kimihiko Yanagita, Yasunori Ichiki, Masami Kuniyoshi, Naoki Yamashita, Chie Morita, Rie Sugimoto, Masaki Kato, Shinji Shimoda, Hideyuki Nomura, Jun Hayashi
Summary: This study evaluated long-term hepatic benefits of HCV cure by DAAs in patients with compensated cirrhosis. Remarkable improvement in hepatic function was seen, especially during the first year after treatment. Male sex and modified ALBI grade 2b were associated with decompensation.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Oscar Brochado-Kith, Isidoro Martinez, Juan Berenguer, Juan Gonzalez-Garcia, Sergio Salguero, Daniel Sepulveda-Crespo, Cristina Diez, Victor Hontanon, Luis Ibanez-Samaniego, Leire Perez-Latorre, Amanda Fernandez-Rodriguez, Maria angeles Jimenez-Sousa, Salvador Resino
Summary: In HIV/HCV coinfected patients with advanced HCV-related cirrhosis, eradication of HCV following DAA therapy resulted in improved liver disease markers, decreased plasma biomarkers, and reduced gene expression related to antiviral/inflammatory responses, particularly in levels of chemokines and ISGs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Patricia de Leon, Rodrigo Canas-Arranz, Maria Jose Bustos, Margarita Saiz, Francisco Sobrino
Summary: Antiviral compounds targeting cellular metabolism, such as lauryl gallate (LG) and valproic acid (VPA), exhibit a wide antiviral spectrum and can effectively reduce virus replication of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. These compounds demonstrate a post-entry mechanism of action and show a synergistic effect when used in combination with remdesivir. These findings highlight the potential of host-targeted compounds as a first line of defense against viral diseases and as a complement to vaccines.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yen-Chun Chen, Chen-Hao Li, Ping-Hung Ko, Chi-Che Lee, Ru-Jiang Syu, Chih-Wei Tseng, Kuo-Chih Tseng
Summary: The study observed that approximately 26.7% of chronic hepatitis C patients receiving direct-acting antivirals experienced renal function deterioration after treatment, which was associated with older age, male gender, specific medication use, and NGAL levels. Furthermore, NGAL might serve as a biomarker for nephrotoxicity in patients receiving certain drug regimens.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ahmad M. Zidan, Eman A. Saad, Nasser E. Ibrahim, Medhat H. Hashem, Amal Mahmoud, Alaa A. Hemeida
Summary: This study identified 184 unique genes and 40 unique variants that may influence HCC incidence upon using HCV DAAs. These findings could aid in precise application of HCV DAAs and reducing the risk for HCC.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Erica Nicola Lynch, Francesco Paolo Russo
Summary: The treatment of hepatitis C (HCV) has been revolutionized by the use of direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs), allowing for treatment in advanced stages of liver disease. However, the long-term outcomes and optimal follow-up care for patients after achieving sustained virological response (SVR) are still unclear. Many questions remain regarding patient management after viral eradication, such as predicting liver-related complications and the extent to which viral eradication reduces the risk of liver disease progression. Personalized follow-up care based on individual risk is increasingly supported. This narrative review aims to analyze the impact of viral eradication with DAAs on portal hypertension, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic manifestations, as well as summarize indications for optimal follow-up care of HCV patients treated with DAAs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Viola Guardigni, Alice Toschi, Lorenzo Badia, Elena Rosselli Del Turco, Eleonora Salsi, Francesco Cristini, Laura Sighinolfi, Gabriele Fabbri, Marco Massari, Gianluca Cuomo, Pierluigi Viale, Gabriella Verucchi
Summary: This study aimed to determine the rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment in cirrhotic HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. Factors associated with HCC included higher Child--Pugh Turcotte (CPT) score, HCV genotype 3, previous HCC history, and higher CD4(+) cell count. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was found to have a protective role in reducing the risk for HCC development.
Review
Oncology
Miao Su, Zhe Zhang, Li Zhou, Chao Han, Canhua Huang, Edouard C. Nice
Summary: Cancer is a major global public health issue and personalized/precision medicine plays a crucial role in its diagnosis and treatment. Research focuses on cancer biomarkers, the impact of the microbiome, the application of emerging omics technologies, and future prospects.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mohamed AbdAllah, Mohamed Alboraie, Wael Abdel-Razek, Mohamed Hassany, Islam Ammar, Ehab Kamal, Mahmoud Alalfy, Ahmed Okasha, Wafaa El Akel, Elsaied Shaaban, Tamer Elbaz, Zeinab Hefny, Ahmed Gomaa, Mahmoud El-Bendary, Magdy El-Serafy, Gamal Esmat, Wahid Doss, Manal H. El-Sayed
Summary: The study showed that most pregnant women undergoing HCV treatment chose to stop between weeks 4-8, but those who completed the full course delivered healthy babies and achieved a good treatment response, with no major adverse events reported.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)