Article
Immunology
Shuqin Gu, Xin Fu, Guofu Ye, Chengcong Chen, Xiaoyi Li, Shihong Zhong, Libo Tang, Haitao Chen, Deke Jiang, Jinlin Hou, Yongyin Li
Summary: Persistent exposure to antigens during chronic hepatitis B infection leads to exhausted immune responses, hindering viral control. L-carnitine was found to modulate immune cells in chronic HBV infection by altering transcriptional profiles and suppressing T cell proliferation and function while enhancing other immune responses. The study suggests that manipulation of L-carnitine levels may influence the prognosis of patients with HBV infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qian Chen, Mairene Coto-Llerena, Aleksei Suslov, Raphael Dias Teixeira, Isabel Fofana, Sandro Nuciforo, Maike Hofmann, Robert Thimme, Nina Hensel, Volker Lohmann, Charlotte K. Y. Ng, George Rosenberger, Stefan Wieland, Markus H. Heim
Summary: The genetic variant in the IFN-lambda 4 gene is associated with a poor prognosis of hepatitis C virus infection. The IFN-lambda 4 protein induces ER stress, inhibiting the presentation of HCV epitopes to CD8(+) T cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jaiprasath Sachithanandham, Ashwin Balagopal, Julia Leep-Lazar, Jeffrey Quinn, Kenneth Bowden, Kathleen Ward, Ruy M. Ribeiro, Mark S. Sulkowski
Summary: Using single-cell methods, the proportion of HCV-infected hepatocytes significantly decreased after initiating direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), proving that the second-phase viral dynamics derive from the loss of infected cells.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Virology
Syeda Kanza Kazmi, Fatima Muhammad Asad Khan, Valentino Natoli, Reem Hunain, Zarmina Islam, Ana Carla dos Santos Costa, Shoaib Ahmad, Mohammad Yasir Essar
Summary: Hepatitis is a significant cause of mortality worldwide, with around 1.34 million deaths annually. Africa is not immune to this issue, with an estimated 100 million individuals infected with Hepatitis B or C. The continent, already fragile, is further burdened by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which could potentially worsen the threat from viral diseases like Hepatitis. Strengthening prevention policies is essential for Africa to build resilience against such threats.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maria B. Pisano, Cecilia G. Giadans, Diego M. Flichman, Viviana E. Re, Maria Preciado, Pamela Valva
Summary: Viral hepatitis caused by different viruses remains a significant public health issue with many unresolved problems, including pathogenesis, treatment, and vaccine development. This review focuses on key issues such as epidemiology, diagnostic methodology, and therapy of viral hepatitis.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mengmeng Li, Ying Xu, Kexue Pu, Jie Fan, Zheng Cheng, Hao Chen, Li Zhou
Summary: This study revealed a significant association between CXCL10 gene polymorphisms and the risk of chronic HBV infection in Chinese Han population. The A allele of the rs4508917 in CXCL10 was identified as a risk factor for persistent HBV infection, affecting the response to nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peng Huang, Yu-Qing Hou, Jing-Jing Wu, Yi-Di Wang, Xiang-Yu Ye, Feng Zang, Rong-Bin Yu, Sheng Yang
Summary: This study showed a significant association between TNFRSF11 rs9525641 and HCV chronicity, especially among individuals older than 50 years, females, and those with ALT <40 U/L and AST < 40 U/L.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Norah A. Terrault, Miriam T. Levy, Ka Wang Cheung, Gonzague Jourdain
Summary: The management of viral hepatitis in pregnancy requires special consideration due to the unique characteristics of each hepatitis virus and their impact on maternal and infant outcomes. Preventing mother-to-child transmission is crucial in reducing the global burden of chronic viral hepatitis.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ghada Galal, Hammam Tammam, Amal Abdel Aal, Nahed Fahmy, Abeer Sheneef, Nagwa Ahmed, Amr Zaghloul
Summary: This study investigated the contribution of LTA gene polymorphism in different stages of chronic hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. It was found that the G/G genotype was more common in HCC patients and was associated with Child classes. Patients with A/G genotype had higher MELD scores in HCC. Detection of LTA G/G genotype in chronic HCV patients could help identify high-risk patients for disease progression and HCC development.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patricia Holanda Almeida, Celso E. L. Matielo, Lilian A. Curvelo, Rodrigo A. Rocco, Guilherme Felga, Bianca Della Guardia, Yuri L. Boteon
Summary: Significant progress has been made in the treatment of viral hepatitis, including curative therapies for hepatitis C and advancements in vaccination for hepatitis A, B, and E. There is currently no cure for hepatitis B, but targeted antiviral drugs show promise in eradicating the virus. High vaccination coverage and large-scale test-and-treat programs may ultimately eliminate viral hepatitis and reduce the burden on health systems.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xinhe Zhang, Lin Guan, Haoyu Tian, Zilu Zeng, Jiayu Chen, Die Huang, Ji Sun, Jiaqi Guo, Huipeng Cui, Yiling Li
Summary: HCC is a common cancer with increasing incidence caused by HBV and HCV infections, liver cirrhosis, and metabolic risk factors. Predictive factors can assess the risk of HCC, and prevention strategies include vaccination, antiviral treatment, and HCC management to reduce recurrence.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Hui-Chun Li, Chee-Hing Yang, Shih-Yen Lo
Summary: The life cycle of the hepatitis C virus can be divided into several stages, including viral entry, protein translation, RNA replication, viral assembly, and release. The replication of HCV genomic RNA is regulated by various factors and has led to the development of direct-acting antivirals targeting the replication complex.
Article
Mathematics
Vladimir Reinharz, Alexander Churkin, Harel Dahari, Danny Barash
Summary: Mathematical models, including both intracellular and extracellular hepatitis C viral kinetics, have been used to study HCV-host dynamics and the efficacy of antivirals. The multiscale model, which incorporates a partial differential equation for intracellular viral RNA kinetics, poses challenges in solving the stiff governing differential equations. This study performs sensitivity analysis on model parameters and demonstrates the stability and efficiency of numerical methods in simulating HCV viral dynamics.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gina Gheorghe, Camelia Cristina Diaconu, Vlad Ionescu, Gabriel Constantinescu, Nicolae Bacalbasa, Simona Bungau, Mihnea-Alexandru Gaman, Madalina Stan-Ilie
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignant tumor with varying incidence and mortality rates depending on geographical location. Early diagnosis and screening strategies are crucial for improving the prognosis of patients. The risk factors for pancreatic cancer can be categorized into extrinsic (such as alcohol consumption, smoking, and viral infections) and intrinsic factors. Further research is needed to fully understand the pathophysiological mechanisms linking viral liver infections and pancreatic cancer development.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Duo Chen, Wanting Huang, Yun Zhang, Bo Chen, Jie Tan, Quan Yuan, Yanbing Yang
Summary: Mass pathogen screening is crucial in preventing outbreaks and transmission of infectious diseases. A CRISPR-based Amplification-free Viral RNA Electrical Detection platform (CAVRED) is developed for rapid identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants. CAVRED utilizes CRISPR RNA assays to amplify the CRISPR-Cas system's ability to detect single-nucleotide differences between mutant and wild RNA genomes. With highly sensitive field-effect transistor biosensors, CAVRED can detect SARS-CoV-2 virus genome as low as 1 cp mu L-1 within 20 mins without amplification, offering a comparable detection limit to real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. An 8-in-1 CAVRED array achieves 95.0% accuracy in rapid identification of 40 simulated throat swab samples of SARS-CoV-2 variants, promising its application in rapid and large-scale epidemic screening.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rohit Loomba, Eric Lawitz, Parvez S. Mantry, Saumya Jayakumar, Stephen H. Caldwell, Hays Arnold, Anna Mae Diehl, C. Stephen Djedjos, Ling Han, Robert P. Myers, G. Mani Subramanian, John G. McHutchison, Zachary D. Goodman, Nezam H. Afdhal, Michael R. Charlton
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
S. L. Flamm, B. Bacon, M. P. Curry, S. Milligan, C. U. Nwankwo, N. Tsai, Z. Younossi, N. Afdhal
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2018)
Article
Microbiology
Darius Babusis, Michael P. Curry, Brian Kirby, Yeojin Park, Eisuke Murakami, Ting Wang, Anita Mathias, Nezam Afdhal, John G. McHutchison, Adrian S. Ray
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2018)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andrew J. Muir, Cynthia Levy, Harry L. A. Janssen, Aldo J. Montano-Loza, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Stephen Caldwell, Velimir Luketic, Dora Ding, Catherine Jia, Bryan J. McColgan, John G. McHutchison, G. Mani Subramanian, Robert P. Myers, Michael Manns, Roger Chapman, Nezam H. Afdhal, Zachary Goodman, Bertus Eksteen, Christopher L. Bowlus
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zobair Younossi, Maria Stepanova, Arun J. Sanyal, Stephen A. Harrison, Vlad Ratziu, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Anna Mae Diehl, Stephen Caldwell, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Raul Aguilar Schall, Bryan McColgan, G. Mani Subramanian, Robert P. Myers, Andrew Muir, Nezam H. Afdhal, Jaime Bosch, Zachary Goodman
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Braxton D. Mitchell, Gurmannat Kalra, Kathleen A. Ryan, Man Zhang, Carole Sztalryd, Nanette I. Steinle, Simeon I. Taylor, Soren Snitker, Joshua P. Lewis, Michael Miller, Alan R. Shuldiner, Huichun Xu
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Saumya Jayakumar, Michael S. Middleton, Eric J. Lawitz, Parvez S. Mantry, Stephen H. Caldwell, Hays Arnold, Anna Mae Diehl, Reem Ghalib, Magdy Elkhashab, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Kris V. Kowdley, C. Stephen Djedjos, Ren Xu, Ling Han, G. Mani Subramanian, Robert P. Myers, Zachary D. Goodman, Nezam H. Afdhal, Michael R. Charlton, Claude B. Sirlin, Rohit Loomba
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joshua P. Lewis, Joshua D. Backman, Jean-Luc Reny, Thomas O. Bergmeijer, Braxton D. Mitchell, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Jean-Pierre Dery, Ruth E. Pakyz, Li Gong, Kathleen Ryan, Eun-Young Kim, Daniel Aradi, Israel Fernandez-Cadenas, Ming Ta Michael Lee, Ryan M. Whaley, Joan Montaner, Gian Franco Gensini, John H. Cleator, Kiyuk Chang, Lene Holmvang, Willibald Hochholzer, Dan M. Roden, Stefan Winter, Russ B. Altman, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Ho-Sook Kim, Meinrad Gawaz, Kevin P. Bliden, Marco Valgimigli, Rossella Marcucci, Gianluca Campo, Elke Schaeffeler, Nadia P. Dridi, Ming-Shien Wen, Jae Gook Shin, Pierre Fontana, Betti Giusti, Tobias Geisler, Michiaki Kubo, Dietmar Trenk, Jolanta M. Siller-Matula, Jurrien M. ten Berg, Paul A. Gurbel, Matthias Schwab, Teri E. Klein, Alan R. Shuldiner
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simon Frerich, Rainer Malik, Marios K. Georgakis, Moritz F. Sinner, Steven J. Kittner, Braxton D. Mitchell, Martin Dichgans
Summary: This study used genetic data to assess the associations between cardiac traits and stroke risk, finding that cardiac traits have limited effects on stroke risk beyond known clinical risk factors.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhenyao Ye, Chen Mo, Hongjie Ke, Qi Yan, Chixiang Chen, Peter Kochunov, L. Elliot Hong, Braxton D. Mitchell, Shuo Chen, Tianzhou Ma
Summary: This study utilized eQTL data to conduct transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) and identified genes associated with nicotine addiction and their regulatory mechanism in the brain. Three major gene clusters were identified, and downstream enrichment analysis revealed unique biological pathways associated with nicotine dependence.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Huichun Xu, Kevin Nguyen, Brady J. Gaynor, Hua Ling, Wei Zhao, Patrick F. McArdle, Timothy D. O'Connor, O. Colin Stine, Kathleen A. Ryan, Megan Lynch, Jennifer A. Smith, Jessica D. Faul, Yao Hu, Jeffrey W. Haessler, Myriam Fornage, Charles Kooperberg, James A. Perry, Charles C. Hong, John W. Cole, Elizabeth Pugh, Kimberly Doheny, Sharon L. R. Kardia, David R. Weir, Steven J. Kittner, Braxton D. Mitchell
Summary: Recent genome wide association studies have identified 89 common genetic variants associated with ischemic stroke, primarily in non-coding regions. This study performed an exome array analysis and found 15 coding variants significantly associated with ischemic stroke, including common SNPs in the ABO gene. The associations were driven by African American samples and not replicated in other populations, emphasizing the need for diverse cohorts and genotyping technologies for rare variant studies.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Braxton D. Mitchell, Hilary B. Whitlatch
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua S. Weinstock, Cecelia A. Laurie, Jai G. Broome, Kent D. Taylor, Xiuqing Guo, Alan R. Shuldiner, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Joshua P. Lewis, Eric Boerwinkle, Kathleen C. Barnes, Nathalie Chami, Eimear E. Kenny, Ruth J. F. Loos, Myriam Fornage, Susan Redline, Brian E. Cade, Frank D. Gilliland, Zhanghua Chen, W. James Gauderman, Rajesh Kumar, Leslie Grammer, Robert P. Schleimer, Bruce M. Psaty, Joshua C. Bis, Jennifer A. Brody, Edwin K. Silverman, Jeong H. Yun, Dandi Qiao, Scott T. Weiss, Jessica Lasky-Su, Dawn L. DeMeo, Nicholette D. Palmer, Barry I. Freedman, Donald W. Bowden, Michael H. Cho, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Andrew D. Johnson, Lisa R. Yanek, Lewis C. Becker, Sharon Kardia, Jiang He, Robert Kaplan, Susan R. Heckbert, Nicholas L. Smith, Kerri L. Wiggins, Donna K. Arnett, Marguerite R. Irvin, Hemant Tiwari, Adolfo Correa, Laura M. Raffield, Yan Gao, Mariza de Andrade, Jerome I. Rotter, Stephen S. Rich, Ani W. Manichaikul, Barbara A. Konkle, Jill M. Johnsen, Marsha M. Wheeler, Brian S. Custer, Ravindranath Duggirala, Joanne E. Curran, John Blangero, Hongsheng Gui, Shujie Xiao, L. Keoki Williams, Deborah A. Meyers, Xingnan Li, Victor Ortega, Stephen McGarvey, C. Charles Gu, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Wen-Jane Lee, M. Benjamin Shoemaker, Dawood Darbar, Dan Roden, Christine Albert, Charles Kooperberg, Pinkal Desai, Thomas W. Blackwell, Goncalo R. Abecasis, Albert V. Smith, Hyun M. Kang, Rasika Mathias, Pradeep Natarajan, Siddhartha Jaiswal, Alexander P. Reiner, Alexander G. Bick
Summary: Based on the analysis of 43,693 blood whole genomes, researchers discovered 7131 recurrent non-missense somatic mutations (RNMSMs) that are associated with blood cell traits and human health consequences, and their prevalence increases with age.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rohit Loomba, Yevgeniy Gindin, Zhaoshi Jiang, Eric Lawitz, Stephen Caldwell, C. Stephen Djedjos, Ren Xu, Chuhan Chung, Robert P. Myers, G. Mani Subramanian, Zachary Goodman, Michael Charlton, Nezam H. Afdhal, Anna Mae Diehl
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christopher J. Danford, Margery A. Connelly, Irina Shalaurova, Misung Kim, Mark A. Herman, Imad Nasser, James D. Otvos, Nezam H. Afdhal, Z. Gordon Jiang, Michelle Lai
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)