Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Taesung Ha, Thi Tuyet Mai Pham, Mikyung Kim, Yeon-Hee Kim, Ji-Hyun Park, Ji Hae Seo, Kyung-Min Kim, Eunyoung Ha
Summary: The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has created an urgent need for the development of more effective antiviral materials. This study developed copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) as an antiviral agent and demonstrated their superior antiviral activities compared to copper microparticles. Cu NPs showed spherical shape and uniform distribution, while commercially available copper microparticles had irregular shape. Virus inactivation assay and cell viability tests showed that Cu NPs effectively reduced the infectivity of H1N1 virus and improved the survival rate of infected cells.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yongzhuang Ge, Chaofeng Zhang, Ying Qu, Lixia Ding, Xinbo Zhang, Zhongmou Zhang, Chengyun Jin, Xiao-Na Wang, Zhenya Wang
Summary: Through the synthesis of a series of naphthalene derivatives, it was found that 2-aminonaphthalene 4d has anti-influenza virus activity and can inhibit H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes. It has the best effect in the early stages of virus replication, reducing virus replication, inhibiting virus-induced inflammation response, and cell death. Therefore, 2-aminonaphthalene 4d is a potential drug for the treatment of influenza A virus infection.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dahae Lee, Hyejung Jo, Yoojin Jang, Suhyun Bae, Tomoyo Agura, Dongmin Kang, Minsoo Kang, Yuri Kim, Nam-Hyuk Cho, Yejin Kim, Jae Seung Kang
Summary: The use of vaccines is the most effective and reliable method for preventing viral infections, but effective therapeutic agents for treatment after infection are needed. Zanamivir, an inhalable drug, has been used to treat pandemic influenza A/H1N1, but drug-resistant strains can quickly emerge. Alloferon, an immunomodulatory drug, has been found to have antiviral effects against various viruses, including influenza viruses. Therefore, a combination of alloferon and zanamivir was tested to improve antiviral effects and reduce H1N1 resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yong-Hyun Joo, Yeong-Geun Lee, Younghyun Lim, Hoyeon Jeon, Eui Ho Kim, Joongyeon Choi, Woojae Hong, Hyelin Jeon, Michael Ahrweiler, Hyunggun Kim, Se Chang Kang, Young-Jin Seo
Summary: The study found that the extract of Elaeocarpus sylvestris has strong antiviral activity against influenza A virus infection, which could lead to the development of new plant-based medicine to treat influenza virus infection.
Article
Immunology
Ning Xue, Lirong Wang, Bin Wang, Jianhe Hu, Shouping Zhang
Summary: By using a novel inhibitor GSK2795039, we investigated the roles of NOX2 in host inflammatory response and IAV replication. The drug significantly reduced H1N1 virus induced NOX2 activity and ROS release, as well as decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In vivo experiments showed that suppression of NOX2 improved the survival rate of mice infected with H1N1 virus and reduced viral burden. Our data demonstrated a critical role for NOX2 in the establishment of H1N1 infection and subsequent inflammatory reactions, suggesting that GSK2795039 may be a potential therapeutic drug for IAV infection.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Jingwei Geng, Xiaoning Hu, Zhongmou Zhang, Zichen Gu, Yuanyuan Li, Xiaodong Mou, Lu Mao, Yongzhuang Ge, Xinyu Yang, Yihui Song, Hongmin Liu, Linqing Wang, Zhanyong Wei, Zhenya Wang, Haiwei Xu
Summary: A new compound, M355, was designed and shown to effectively inhibit the replication and infection of H1N1 virus both in cellular and animal models. It demonstrated potent antiviral activity against H1N1 with low toxicity and reduced virus-induced cytopathic effect.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Zhenya Wang, Jieyu Fang, Jiao Luo, Duoduo Hou, Yayun Tan, Zichen Gu, Yongzhuang Ge, Lu Mao, Luyang Liu, Hongmin Liu, Zhanyong Wei, Haiwei Xu
Summary: Compound 3D, a butene lactone derivative, showed promising antiviral activity against H1N1 influenza virus in vitro with low toxicity, inhibiting viral replication, mRNA and protein expression dose-dependently.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xiaoyu Men, Su Li, Xiaojing Cai, Lian Fu, Yi Shao, Yan Zhu
Summary: Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a major threat to swine industry and can potentially cause viral encephalitis in humans. Due to emerging variants, finding effective antiviral agents against PRV is crucial. This study evaluated the antiviral activity of luteolin against PRV both in vitro and in vivo. Luteolin demonstrated significant inhibition of PRV replication, reduced viral RNA and protein expression, decreased apoptosis, improved survival rate in mice, and reduced viral loads and brain lesions. These findings suggest that luteolin holds promise as a new alternative antiviral drug for PRV infection.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eun-Bin Kwon, Young Soo Kim, Youn-Hwan Hwang, Buyun Kim, Sang-Beam Lee, Soo Kwon Park, Man Soo Choi, Hyunil Ha, Jang-Gi Choi
Summary: The ethanolic extract of soybean cultivar GL 2626/96 (SG2626E) has been found to have anti-influenza virus activity. It inhibits virus attachment and the activity of viral hemagglutinin. Additionally, it reduces viral replication by lowering intracellular calcium levels and improves survival in infected mice.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mehrnaz Khodsiani, Zahra Kianmehr, Bogumil Brycki, Adrianna Szulc, Parvaneh Mehrbod
Summary: This study examined the antiviral capacity of Gemini surfactants (GS) compounds with different levels of hydrophobicity against Influenza A virus (IAV). It was found that GS compounds were effective in reducing virus titers and had minimal impact on cell viability in simultaneous, pre-, and post-penetration combination treatments. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay further demonstrated the ability of GS compounds to disrupt viral entry. In conclusion, GS compounds have high antiviral potential and could be used for the treatment of IAV infection.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jun Zhao, Lvjie Xu, Yiming Bai, Chao Wang, Pengfei Guo, Zhe Wang, Guanhua Du, Ailin Liu
Summary: Salmeterol, a candidate compound with anti-IAV activity, was found to inhibit the activity of three IAV strains in vitro, improve the survival state of infected mice, and alleviate inflammatory symptoms. This study confirms the anti-IAV activity of salmeterol and provides a research foundation for its new indication and the discovery of new drugs against IAV.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhong Li, Jimin Xu, Yuekun Lang, Xiangmeng Wu, Saiyang Hu, Subodh Kumar Samrat, Anil M. Tharappel, Lili Kuo, David Butler, Yongcheng Song, Qing-Yu Zhang, Jia Zhou, Hongmin Li
Summary: Erythrosin B is an effective antiviral against Zika virus both in vitro and in vivo, and its derivatives are non-toxic to human cells.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qianwen Wang, Zhifeng Fang, Yue Xiao, Hongchao Wang, Pinghu Zhang, Wenwei Lu, Hao Zhang, Xiuwen Zhou
Summary: This study discovered that Lactiplantibacillus pentosus CCFM1227 strain had the ability to produce desaminotyrosine (DAT) through comparative genomics analysis and experimental confirmation. Oral administration of CCFM1227 in mice increased the level of DAT in feces, protected against influenza by inhibiting viral replication and alleviating lung immunopathology. CCFM1227-derived DAT was positively correlated with the IFN-beta level in the lung and upregulated the expression of MHC-I family genes, indicating its potential as an effective antiviral probiotic.
Article
Virology
Mengwei Li, Yuxu Wang, Jing Jin, Jie Dou, Qinglong Guo, Xue Ke, Changlin Zhou, Min Guo
Summary: The study reveals that honeysuckle acids and flavonoids extracts are the major antiviral active components, showing inhibitory effects against influenza viruses. Honeysuckle extracts have a broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on the neuraminidase of influenza viruses.
Article
Virology
Peiwen Zhou, Zizhao Lao, Haishan Long, Pan Pan, Feng Liao, Wenjiang Zheng, Zonghui Li, Jianfeng Dai, Helu Liu, Yong Jiang, Xiaohong Liu, Wenbiao Wang, Jianguo Wu, Geng Li
Summary: This study found that aloperine, a quinolizidine alkaloid, has antiviral potential against Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. It effectively inhibits ZIKV infection in vitro and in vivo, targeting the domain RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP) of ZIKV NS5 protein. Aloperine reduced the viral load in mice and improved survival rates. These findings suggest that aloperine could be a promising antiviral drug against ZIKV.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Allergy
Tian Yuan, Rui Zheng, Jing Liu, Kai Sen Tan, Zhi-qun Huang, Xiang-Min Zhou, Xiao-xue Zi, Hui-jun Qiu, Xin-yue Wang, Wei-hao Wang, Hui-yi Deng, Yu-bin Chen, Wei-feng Kong, Qing-wu Wu, Ying Huang, Hsiao Hui Ong, Xue-kun Huang, Zhuang-gui Chen, De-Yun Wang, Qin-Tai Yang
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kai Sen Tan, De Yun Wang
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Zheng Yao Low, Ashley Jia Wen Yip, Vincent T. K. Chow, Sunil K. Lal
Summary: The family of Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling (SOCS) proteins plays crucial roles in virus-host interactions, with viruses exploiting them to dampen host antiviral responses and enhance viral replication. Research into SOCS protein inhibitors as potential therapeutics for COVID-19 shows promise in exploring new treatment options.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Anshika Sharma, Joe W. Ong, Mun Fai Loke, Eng Guan Chua, Joseph J. Lee, Hyung Won Choi, Yee Joo Tan, Sunil K. Lal, Vincent T. Chow
Summary: Studying the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins and host cells have provided insights into the regulation of key biological pathways affected by the infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mun Fai Loke, Indresh Yadav, Teck Kwang Lim, Johan R. C. van der Maarel, Lok-To Sham, Vincent T. Chow
Summary: The presence of co-infections or superinfections with bacterial pathogens in COVID-19 patients is associated with poor outcomes. This study suggests that SARS-CoV-2 and its components interact with biofilms formed by commensal bacteria, potentially contributing to co-infections. The formation of bacterial biofilms was inhibited by the presence of spike proteins from SARS-CoV-2, and the addition of spike protein antibodies partially restored biofilm production. These findings indicate that bacterial biofilms may be risk factors for secondary pneumonia in COVID-19 patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ranmali Kavishna, Tha Yang Kang, Maurizio Vacca, Benson Yen Leong Chua, Hae-Young Park, Peck Szee Tan, Vincent Tk Chow, Mireille H. Lahoud, Sylvie Alonso
Summary: Influenza, also known as flu, is a global public health concern and a significant economic burden. Researchers have been pursuing the development of a broadly protective universal flu vaccine, and have now successfully improved the immunogenicity of the M2e vaccine using a targeting strategy. In mouse studies, this strategy has shown promising results in terms of generating a robust protective response. Translation to humans is now an exciting possibility.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Virology
Ashley Jia Wen Yip, Zheng Yao Low, Vincent T. K. Chow, Sunil K. Lal
Summary: Molnupiravir is a compound with antiviral activity that can disable SARS-CoV-2 replication by inducing viral RNA mutations, thereby improving the severity of COVID-19. Further research is needed to investigate its long-term side effects, but Molnupiravir shows promise as a treatment and prophylaxis against COVID-19.
Article
Immunology
Hui Chen, Junqiu Wang, Yunsong Liu, Ivy Quek Ee Ling, Chih Chuan Shih, Dafei Wu, Zhiyan Fu, Raphael Tze Chuen Lee, Miao Xu, Vincent T. Chow, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Da Zhou, Jianjun Liu, Weiwei Zhai
Summary: This study aims to develop a computational tool for selecting the best candidate vaccine virus (CVV) based on the negative correlation between egg passage adaptation and vaccine effectiveness (VE). They characterized the pattern of sequence evolution driven by egg passage adaptation and developed a new metric known as the adaptive distance (AD) which measures the overall strength of egg passage adaptation. They found that AD is negatively correlated with influenza H3N2 vaccine effectiveness (VE) and developed a computational package called MADE to measure the adaptive distance and predict vaccine effectiveness.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daryl Zheng Hao Aw, Keng Kai Heng, Jovian Yee Han Heok, Xin Yang Kong, Hui Chen, Tong Zhang, Weiwei Zhai, Vincent T. K. Chow
Summary: This study compared the evolution of H3N2 influenza in different host cells and found specific mutations and viral quasispecies. The adaptation and virulence of the virus varied in different host species. However, there were no significant differences in the neutralizing antibody profiles of human-influenza-immune serum samples against different passaged viruses. More studies are needed to understand the complex relationships between H3N2 virus evolution, viral virulence changes, and low vaccine efficacy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Virology
Zheng Yao Low, Nur Zawanah Zabidi, Ashley Jia Wen Yip, Ashwini Puniyamurti, Vincent T. K. Chow, Sunil K. Lal
Summary: This review summarizes the roles of SARS-CoV-2 non-structural proteins in immune evasion and viral replication, and discusses potential therapeutic strategies for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Teluguakula Narasaraju, Amita Krishnappa, Marko Radic, Vincent T. K. Chow
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kai Sen Tan, Sean Wei Xiang Ong, Ming Hui Koh, Douglas Jie Wen Tay, Daryl Zheng Hao Aw, Yi Wei Nah, Mohammed Ridzwan Bin Abdullah, Kristen K. Coleman, Donald K. Milton, Justin Jang Hann Chu, Vincent T. K. Chow, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Kwok Wai Tham
Summary: As the world transitions to COVID-19 endemicity, it is vital to study the aerosol shedding of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) in order to calibrate infection control measures. This follow-up study aims to compare the aerosol shedding patterns of Omicron VOC samples with preOmicron variants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Virology
Nur Zawanah Zabidi, Hern Liang Liew, Isra Ahmad Farouk, Ashwini Puniyamurti, Ashley Jia Wen Yip, Vindya Nilakshi Wijesinghe, Zheng Yao Low, Julian W. W. Tang, Vincent T. K. Chow, Sunil K. Lal
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has a lower fatality rate compared to SARS and MERS, but the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the emergence of multiple variants with different pathogenicity and transmissibility. Older individuals and those with underlying comorbidities are at a higher risk of severe disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of better therapeutic and preventive approaches.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kan Xing Wu, Thinesshwary Yogarajah, Marcus Wing Choy Loe, Parveen Kaur, Regina Ching Hua Lee, Chee Keng Mok, Yi Hao Wong, Patchara Phuektes, Li Sze Yeo, Vincent T. K. Chow, Yong Wah Tan, Justin Jang Hann Chu
Summary: The study found that peruvoside plays an important role in limiting the formation of viral factories by regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways to promote GBF1 phosphorylation, thereby reducing the formation of viral factories. In a mouse model treated with peruvoside, the viral count was significantly reduced without any apparent cytotoxicity. These findings are of great significance for studying the mechanism of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs and provide a path for the use of peruvoside as a host-directed antiviral drug.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hsiao Hui Ong, Jing Liu, Yukei Oo, Mark Thong, De Yun Wang, Vincent T. Chow
Summary: Our previous study showed that HRV infection induces antiviral interferons and chemokines during the acute stage. However, the susceptibility of hNECs to reinfection by the same HRV serotype and to secondary IAV infection following prolonged primary HRV infection has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of HRV persistence on hNECs susceptibility to HRV reinfection and secondary IAV infection.