Review
Immunology
Ahmad Firoz, Hani Mohammed Ali, Suriya Rehman, Irfan A. Rather
Summary: Gastric cancer is a global health concern with a significant number of cases. Early diagnosis and treatment improve survival rates, but advanced stage tumors have lower survival rates. Oncolytic viruses show promise as more efficient diagnostic and treatment strategies. Oncogenic viruses play a significant role in gastric cancer progression.
Article
Immunology
Mariann Gyoengyoesi, Dominika Lukovic, Julia Mester-Tonczar, Katrin Zlabinger, Patrick Einzinger, Andreas Spannbauer, Victor Schweiger, Katharina Schefberger, Eslam Samaha, Jutta Bergler-Klein, Martin Riesenhuber, Christian Nitsche, Christian Hengstenberg, Patrick Mucher, Helmuth Haslacher, Monika Breuer, Robert Strassl, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stoeckl, Christian Loewe, Dietrich Beitzke, Ena Hasimbegovic, Thomas A. Zelniker
Summary: This study evaluated the reactivation of parvovirus-B19 and Herpesviridae family members in patients with long-COVID syndrome and found that vaccination with monovalent COVID-19 vaccines was associated with reduced fatigue and multiorgan symptoms. It also led to lower levels of DNA virus-related IgM, plasma IgG subfractions, cytomegalovirus IgG and IgM, and EBV IgM titers.
Article
Pediatrics
Chen Cheng, Yu He, Sa Xiao, Qing Ai, Jialin Yu
Summary: Studies on NEC have not focused largely on enteric viruses, but recent research has shown that not all enteric viruses are pathogenic. ADV and EBV may be related to the severity of NEC, while some viruses like ASV may be commensal in neonates.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Tami Yap, Shuan Khor, Jung Seo Kim, Jaeyoung Kim, Sung Yun Kim, Johannes S. Kern, Raymond Martyres, George Varigos, Hiu Tat Chan, Michael J. McCullough, Melissa L. Thomas, Laura Scardamaglia
Summary: The study aimed to identify factors influencing the prevalence of human herpes viruses in the mouth using mucosal swabs, saliva samples, and qPCR analysis. Among immunocompetent individuals with no mucosal abnormalities, 77.1% had at least one HHV detected, with EBV being the most common. Detection of HHVs was higher in saliva compared to oral swabs, and the presence of oral mucosal abnormalities or therapeutic immunocompromise did not increase the detection of HHVs.
Article
Microbiology
Rachel Hood Edwards, Nancy Raab-Traub
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of EBV and BART lncRNAs on cellular expression, showing that they induce changes in cellular miRs and lncRNAs. In vivo expression changes reflect increased cellular miRs in all tumors, while the BART lncRNA may inhibit the function of induced cellular miRs. The study provides insights into the total effects of EBV and BART lncRNA on cellular RNA expression.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samia Afzal, Khadija Fiaz, Afifa Noor, Amira Saleem Sindhu, Asma Hanif, Ayesha Bibi, Muhammad Asad, Saba Nawaz, Saba Zafar, Sidra Ayub, Syeda Bariyyah Hasnain, Muhammad Shahid
Summary: Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease, and recent evidence suggests that viruses may play a significant role in its pathogenesis and development. Although some viruses have been found to be associated with breast cancer, conclusive evidence on whether viruses actually cause breast cancer is still lacking.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Catherine A. Freije, Pardis C. Sabeti
Summary: Despite the lack of diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, CRISPR-Cas systems show potential in addressing critical needs against infectious diseases, especially in viral diagnostics and therapies. Technologies related to CRISPR-Cas, particularly DNA-targeting Cas12 and RNA-targeting Cas13, are being harnessed for these purposes with accelerated development in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, Limin Wang, Fahad Almsned, Kory R. Johnson, Yair Mina, Joan Ohayon, Xin Wei Wang, Steven Jacobson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the cause of MS remains unknown. This study investigated the antibody responses against various viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients, and found significant differences compared to healthy volunteers, as well as a pattern of antibody responses against multiple viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus. These findings indicate that virus-specific antibody signatures might reflect the disease-associated inflammatory milieu in the CSF of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases.
Article
Immunology
Joelle R. Madi, Amani Al Outa, Mirna Ghannam, Hadi M. Hussein, Marwa Shehab, Zeinab Al Kobra Haj Hasan, Antoine Abou Fayad, Margret Shirinian, Elias A. Rahal
Summary: The study suggests that EBV DNA may worsen intestinal inflammation by enhancing the IMD pathway and increasing cellular inflammatory responses, potentially perpetuating proinflammatory processes in an inflamed digestive system. D. melanogaster can serve as a model to further understand EBV-associated gastroinflammatory pathologies and further studies in mammalian models may validate these findings.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Xiaotong Chen, Hui Li, Chunling Wu, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study suggests that EBV infection may be related to the occurrence of SLE, while HHV-6 infection may not have a direct association with the development of SLE. However, in SLE patients, EBV and HHV-6 infection may have a coacceleration effect.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Peter Garcia, Abigail Harrod, Shruti Jha, Jessica Jenkins, Alex Barnhill, Holden Lee, Merritt Thompson, Jordan Pringle Williams, James Barefield, Ashton Mckinnon, Persia Suarez, Ananya Shah, Angela J. Lowrey, Gretchen L. Bentz
Summary: Studies have shown that ML-792 inhibits SUMOylation processes in EBV-positive cell lines, while also reducing LMP1-mediated dysregulation of cellular SUMOylation, suggesting the potential of ML-792 in treating EBV-related diseases.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Sudipta Samanta, Muthukaruppan Swaminathan, Jianing Hu, Khai Tuck Lee, Ajitha Sundaresan, Chuan Keng Goh, Chor Hiang Siow, Kwok Seng Loh, Soh Ha Chan, Joshua K. Tay, Ian Cheong
Summary: The use of immunofluorescence assay for detecting serum Epstein-Barr virus antibodies is the gold standard screening test for nasopharyngeal cancer in high-risk populations. This study demonstrates that integrating deep learning with automated fuzzy inference can improve the scalability and accuracy of NPC detection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mingqian Xu, Liang Zhang, Jinfu Feng, Shuaibing Yang, Yixuan Wang, Yuyi Wang, Meiyang Chen, Li Zhou, Junjie Zhang, Qingsong Qin
Summary: EBV-associated gastric cancer is a subtype of gastric cancer characterized by the presence of EBV genome and limited viral gene expression in malignant epithelial cells. Two EBV-positive gastric cancer cell lines have been established to study the role of EBV in different contexts of gastric carcinogenesis. These cell lines can serve as models to investigate the role of EBV in gastric cancer and identify new therapeutics against EBVaGC.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sara A. Murphy, Norman John Mapes, Devika Dua, Balveen Kaur
Summary: Cancer is a disease caused by the loss of regulatory processes controlling the cell cycle, resulting in increased cell proliferation. Besides gene mutations and environmental factors, cancer-causing viruses can induce changes leading to malignant transformation. Epigenetic modifiers are effective therapeutic targets, and several drugs targeting epigenetic modifications have been approved for cancer treatment. In addition to small molecule drugs, biological therapies such as antibodies and viral therapies are also used in cancer treatment. The interaction between epigenetic drugs and oncogenic and oncolytic viruses is an important area of investigation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gadde Shareena, Dileep Kumar
Summary: Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is the first oncogenic virus in humans and is closely associated with various lymphoproliferative and malignant diseases. EBV has a biphasic viral life cycle, consisting of a latent period and lytic replication, with B-cells playing a critical role in latent gene expression and immune recognition evasion. Dysregulation of epigenetic regulation, particularly DNA methylation, in both viral and host genome expression, is closely related to carcinogenesis and long-lasting phenotypes in malignancies.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)