Article
Immunology
Tertuliano Alves Pereira Neto, John Sidney, Alba Grifoni, Alessandro Sette
Summary: This study examined the differences in immunogenicity between CD4 and CD8 in humans and animal models using experimentally identified viral antigen epitopes. The results showed a weak but significant correlation between humans and mice, as well as a higher correlation within the same series of immunogens in CD8 and CD4. The study also identified common immunogens between humans and mice, as well as protein subregions that can be recognized by T cells simultaneously.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Komal Agrawal, Li Ching Ong, Susan Monkley, Kristofer Thorn, Elisabeth Israelsson, Engin Baturcam, Cassie Rist, Karin Schon, Sophia Blake, Bjorn Magnusson, James Cartwright, Suman Mitra, Abilash Ravi, Nazanin Zounemat-Kermani, Jayendra Kumar Krishnaswamy, Nils Y. Lycke, Ulf Gehrmann, Johan Mattsson
Summary: Patients with asthma experience reduced ability to clear respiratory viral infections due to changes in gene expression in nasal and lung epithelial cells. These changes interfere with the development of lung resident memory T cells, which may contribute to the increased susceptibility of patients with asthma to viral exacerbations.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xingzhe Ma, Liuling Xiao, Lintao Liu, Lingqun Ye, Pan Su, Enguang Bi, Qiang Wang, Maojie Yang, Jianfei Qian, Qing Yi
Summary: Understanding the mechanisms of how T cells become dysfunctional in a tumor microenvironment is crucial for cancer immunotherapy. This study found that CD36 expression in tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells, induced by TME cholesterol, is associated with tumor progression and poor survival, and that genetic ablation of Cd36 in these T cells leads to enhanced tumor eradication. Targeting CD36 or inhibiting ferroptosis could restore T cell function and enhance antitumor efficacy, especially in combination with anti-PD-1 antibodies.
Article
Oncology
Katarina Pinjusic, Olivier Andreas Dubey, Olga Egorova, Sina Nassiri, Etienne Meylan, Julien Faget, Daniel Beat Constam
Summary: This study reveals that Activin-A secretion by melanoma cells inhibits adaptive antitumor immunity by indirectly inhibiting CD8(+) T cell infiltration, regardless of BRAF status. It is also found that Activin-A/INHBA expression is correlated with resistance to anti-PD1 therapy in melanoma patients and impairs response to combination anti-cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte associated protein 4/anti-PD1 treatment in preclinical models.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Theresa Graalmann, Katharina Borst, Himanshu Manchanda, Lea Vaas, Matthias Bruhn, Lukas Graalmann, Mario Koster, Murielle Verboom, Michael Hallensleben, Carlos Alberto Guzman, Gerd Sutter, Reinhold E. Schmidt, Torsten Witte, Ulrich Kalinke
Summary: Rituximab-treated patients and B cell-deficient mice showed reduced expansion of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells after vaccination/infection with different vaccines/pathogens, indicating that B cells can modulate CD8(+) T cell responses. The choice of vaccines for B cell-depleted patients needs to be re-evaluated to effectively induce protective CD8(+) T cell responses.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Arianne C. Richard
Summary: The advent of technologies that can characterize individual cells has revealed extensive diversity between cells of the same subset, including CD8(+) T cells. This review focuses on heterogeneity in CD8(+) T cell responses, particularly the impact of TCR stimulation strength and the mechanisms underlying variation between cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jihang Shi, Guangya Li, Lulu Liu, Xiandun Yuan, Yafei Wang, Ming Gong, Chonghui Li, Xinlan Ge, Shichun Lu
Summary: In this study, a prognostic risk model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on Tex-related genes was established. Through analysis of GEO databases, Tex-related genes were identified and a prognostic model consisting of four genes was built. The study demonstrated the important role of Tex-related genes in clinical decision-making, prognostic assessment, and immunotherapy for HCC patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Bogang Wu, Leilei Qi, Huai-Chin Chiang, Haihui Pan, Xiaowen Zhang, Alexandra Greenbaum, Elizabeth Stark, Li-Ju Wang, Yidong Chen, Bassem R. Haddad, Dionyssia Clagett, Claudine Isaacs, Richard Elledge, Anelia Horvath, Yanfen Hu, Rong Li
Summary: Women with BRCA1 germline mutations have a high risk of developing breast cancer. This study shows that the deficiency of BRCA1 in T lymphocytes compromises the immune response to breast tumors and could contribute to tumorigenesis. Boosting adaptive immunity may be an effective preventive strategy for at-risk women.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoon-Chul Kye, Gil-Woo Lee, Sung-Woo Lee, Young-Jun Ju, Hee-Ok Kim, Cheol-Heui Yun, Jae-Ho Cho
Summary: The study revealed that STAT1 plays a crucial role in maintaining the quiescence of naive CD8(+) T cells, with its deficiency leading to increased proliferation and abnormal expansion of memory/activated cells. This phenomenon is paradoxically dependent on type I interferon and its alternative signaling pathway.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Celine Gubser, Rachel D. Pascoe, Judy Chang, Chris Chiu, Ajantha Solomon, Rosalyn Cao, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Sharon R. Lewin
Summary: This study found that GITR expression was decreased in multiple activated CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets but increased in Tregs in the blood of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV specific CD8 T cells expressed higher levels of GITR and PD-1 compared to total CD8 T cells. Stimulation with HIV peptides and GITR-ligand resulted in decreased killing ability of HIV specific CD8 T cells and an exhausted profile. T cell receptor co-stimulation with GITR-L abolished T-reg suppression and induced expansion of CD4 T-conv.
Article
Cell Biology
Seong Jin Choi, June-Young Koh, Min-Seok Rha, In-Ho Seo, Hoyoung Lee, Seongju Jeong, Su-Hyung Park, Eui-Cheol Shin
Summary: Subsets of human CD8+ T cells express inhibitory NK cell receptors, KIRs and NKG2A. These receptors are mutually exclusive in their expression and have distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics. KIR+CD8+ T cells are more differentiated, senescent, and responsive to IL2R8, while NKG2A+CD8+ T cells are more responsive to IL12R81, IL12R82, and IL18R8, and exhibit strong IFN-g production and NK-like cytotoxicity in response to IL-15.
Article
Immunology
Bryan S. Yung, J. Silvio Gutkind
Summary: Tumor cells utilize G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling networks to manipulate CD8(+) T cells into a dysfunctional state, impairing their infiltration and cytotoxicity against the tumor, and reducing the effectiveness of current immunotherapies.
Article
Cell Biology
Jeff E. Mold, Laurent Modolo, Joanna Hard, Margherita Zamboni, Anton J. M. Larsson, Moa Stenudd, Carl-Johan Eriksson, Ghislain Durif, Patrik L. Stahl, Erik Borgstrom, Simone Picelli, Bjorn Reinius, Rickard Sandberg, Pedro Reu, Carlos Talavera-Lopez, Bjorn Andersson, Kim Blom, Johan K. Sandberg, Franck Picard, Jakob Michaelsson, Jonas Frisen
Summary: This study longitudinally tracked human CD8(+) T cell clones responding to yellow fever virus vaccination and found that clonal selection shapes the circulating memory repertoire during immune responses, with clones in the memory phase displaying biased differentiation trajectories. In secondary responses, specific CD8(+) T cell clones are poised to recapitulate skewed differentiation trajectories, highlighting the multifaceted human T cell response to acute viral infections.
Article
Immunology
Johannes Raedler, Thomas Magg, Meino Rohlfs, Christoph Klein, Tanja Vallee, Fabian Hauck, Michael H. Albert
Summary: Bi-allelic variants in the DOCK8 gene cause a combined immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent infections and allergies. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only curative option, with mixed chimerism showing potential benefits for patients. However, achieving complete donor chimerism is still recommended while reducing toxicity in conditioning regimens.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaochen Wang, Jianchu Wang, Haiyuan Shen, Zongjiang Luo, Xiaojie Lu
Summary: This study found that TPX2 regulates the antitumor effect of CD8 + T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by modulating CXCR5. Overexpression of TPX2 enhances the anticancer function of CD8 + T cells and shows synergistic effects with anti-PD-1 therapy.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
P. Maclean, A. J. Mentzer, T. Lambe, J. C. Knight
QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
Lina Castano-Jaramillo, Francisco Rivas Larrauri, Selma Cecilia Scheffler-Mendoza, Alonso Gutierrez Hernandez, Sandra Rajme, Ana Luisa Rodriguez-Lozano, Marco Antonio Yamazaki-Nakashimada, Sara Elva Espinosa-Padilla, Saul Lugo Reyes
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Giorgia Bucciol, Isabelle Meyts
Summary: Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, global sequencing efforts have made significant advancements in the field of inborn errors of immunity. Research has revealed that both known and novel inborn errors affecting type I interferon immunity play a critical role in severe COVID-19 cases, occurring in up to 5% of patients. Furthermore, autoantibodies against type I interferons have been found in around 20% of critically ill COVID-19 patients over 80 years old and 20% of fatal cases, with a higher prevalence in older males. Additionally, inborn errors impairing the regulation of type I interferon responses and RNA degradation have been identified as causes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, which is a life-threatening condition that occurs following mild initial SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young adults. Understanding these immunologic mechanisms can assist in the development of treatments for severe COVID-19, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, long COVID, and neuro-COVID.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ana Garcia-Garcia, Rebeca Perez de Diego, Carlos Flores, Darawan Rinchai, Jordi Sole-Violan, Angela Deya-Martinez, Blanca Garcia-Solis, Jose M. Lorenzo-Salazar, Elisa Hernandez-Brito, Anna-Lisa Lanz, Leen Moens, Giorgia Bucciol, Mohamed Almuqamam, Joseph Domachowske, Elena Colino, Juan Luis Santos-Perez, Francisco Marco, Claudio Pignata, Aziz Bousfiha, Stuart Turvey, Stefanie Bauer, Filomeen Haerynck, Javier Gonzalo Ocejo-Vinyals, Francisco Lendinez, Seraina Prader, Nora Naumann-Bartsch, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid, Catherine Biggs, Kyla Hildebrand, Alexandra Dreesman, Miguel Angel Cardenes, Fatima Ailal, Ibtihal Benhsaien, Giuliana Giardino, Agueda Molina-Fuentes, Claudia Fortuny, Swetha Madhavarapu, Daniel Conway, Carolina Prando, Laire Schidlowski, Maria Teresa Martinez de Saavedra Alvarez, Rafael Alfaro, Felipe Rodriguez de Castro, Isabelle Meyts, Fabian Hauck, Anne Puel, Paul Bastard, Bertrand Boisson, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Laurent Abel, Aurelie Cobat, Qian Zhang, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Laia Alsina, Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego
Summary: X-linked recessive deficiency of TLR7 impairs SARS-CoV-2 recognition and type I IFN production, resulting in hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia. 22 unvaccinated patients with autosomal recessive MyD88 or IRAK-4 deficiency were infected with SARS-CoV-2, with a high risk of severe pneumonia. Impaired TLR7-dependent type I IFN production contributes to their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kunihiko Moriya, Tomohiro Nakano, Yoshitaka Honda, Miyuki Tsumura, Masato Ogishi, Motoshi Sonoda, Masahiko Nishitani-Isa, Takashi Uchida, Mohamed Hbibi, Yoko Mizoguchi, Masataka Ishimura, Kazushi Izawa, Takaki Asano, Fumihiko Kakuta, Daiki Abukawa, Darawan Rinchai, Peng Zhang, Naotomo Kambe, Aziz Bousfiha, Takahiro Yasumi, Bertrand Boisson, Anne Puel, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Ryuta Nishikomori, Shouichi Ohga, Satoshi Okada, Yoji Sasahara, Shigeo Kure
Summary: This study reports six patients from five families with RELA mutations, leading to autoinflammatory and autoimmune manifestations. The mutations result in loss of function of RelA protein, leading to excessive IFN expression and autoimmune response. The DN RELA mutations are identified as a novel cause of chronic mucocutaneous ulcerations with autoinflammatory and autoimmune manifestations.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Stuart G. Tangye, Tina Nguyen, Elissa K. Deenick, Vanessa L. Bryant, Cindy S. Ma
Summary: The fundamental importance of human B cells in host defense against infectious diseases has been established through the discovery of inborn errors that disrupt B cell development, differentiation, or function. These findings have provided a foundation for understanding disease mechanisms and finding ways to improve humoral immunity and treat diseases.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martti Vanker, Karita Sarekannu, Arnaud Fekkar, Sofie Eg Jorgensen, Liis Haljasmagi, Anne Kallaste, Kalle Kisand, Margus Lember, Part Peterson, Madhvi Menon, Tracy Hussell, Sean Knight, James Moore-Stanley, Paul Bastard, Shen-Ying Zhang, Trine Mogensen, Quentin Philippot, Qian Zhang, Anne Puel, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Kai Kisand
Summary: Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons are present in 15% of critical COVID-19 cases, while the impact of autoimmunity toward type III interferons remains unexplored. In a study of COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2naive individuals, it was found that autoantibodies targeting interferon-alpha were more common and associated with older age, while autoreactivity to interferon-gamma did not correlate with severe disease in COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Hari K. Narayan, Anel Lizcano, Tracy Lam-Hine, Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez, Emelia V. Bainto, Luis M. Garrido-Garcia, Dora Estripeaut, Olguita del Aguila, Virgen Gomez, Enrique Faugier-Fuentes, Greta Mino-Leon, Sandra Beltran, Fernanda Cofre, Enrique Chacon-Cruz, Patricia Saltigeral-Simental, Lucila Martinez-Medina, Lourdes Duenas, Kathia Luciani, Francisco J. Rodriguez-Quiroz, German Camacho Moreno, Tamara Viviani, Martha I. Alvarez-Olmos, Heloisa Helena de Sousa Marques, Eduardo Lopez-Medina, Maria C. Pirez, Adriana H. Tremoulet
Summary: This study described the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of Kawasaki disease (KD) in Latin America and evaluated early prognostic indicators of coronary artery aneurysm (CAA). The results showed that a maximum coronary artery z-score >= 2.5 at initial presentation was the most important prognostic factor preceding CAA during follow-up.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Anthonet L. Koen, Alane Izu, Vicky Baillie, Gaurav Kwatra, Clare L. Cutland, Lee Fairlie, Sherman D. Padayachee, Keertan Dheda, Shaun L. Barnabas, Qasim Ebrahim Bhorat, Carmen Briner, Khatija Ahmed, Sutika Bhikha, Jinal N. Bhiman, Jeanine du Plessis, Aliasgar Esmail, Elizea Horne, Shi-Hsia Hwa, Aylin Oommen-Jose, Teresa Lambe, Matt Laubscher, Mookho Malahleha, Gabriella Benade, Shakeel McKenzie, Suzette Oelofse, Faeezah Patel, Sureshnee Pillay, Sarah Rhead, Hylton Rodel, Carol Taoushanis, Houriiyah Tegally, Asha Thombrayil, Tonya L. Villafana, Sarah Gilbert, Andrew J. Pollard, Shabir A. Madhi
Summary: The final analysis of the COV005 study in South African adults showed that the efficacy of the AZD1222 vaccine varied against different SARS-CoV-2 variants. The vaccine had high efficacy against the wild type virus, but lower efficacy against the Beta and Delta variants. Safety was consistent with previous findings.
Letter
Rheumatology
Luisa Berenise Gamez-Gonzalez, Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez, Marco Antonio Yamazaki-Nakashimada
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hailey R. Hornsby, Alexander R. Nicols, Stephanie Longet, Chang Liu, Adriana Tomic, Adrienn Angyal, Barbara K. Kronsteiner, Jessica K. Tyerman, Tom Tipton, Peijun Zhang, Marta Gallis, Piyada Supasa, Muneeswaran Selvaraj, Priyanka Abraham, Isabel Neale, Mohammad A. Ali, Natalie M. Barratt, Jeremy Nell, Lotta Gustafsson, Scarlett Strickland, Irina Grouneva, Timothy C. Rostron, Shona M. Moore, Luisa L. Hering, Susan L. Dobson, Sagida Bibi, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Teresa Lambe, Dan Wootton, Victoria Hall, Susan Hopkins, Tao Dong, Eleanor Barnes, Gavin Screaton, Alex Richter, Lance Turtle, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Miles Carroll, Christopher J. A. Duncan, Paul Klenerman, Susanna J. Dunachie, Rebecca P. Payne, Thushan de Silva
Summary: The authors characterized the immune response in vaccinated individuals infected with the Omicron variant and observed immune enhancement. They found that increases in neutralizing antibodies and spike T cells were stronger in individuals with no previous infection, while mucosal antibodies and non-spike responses increased regardless of infection history. The findings suggest that hybrid immunity induced by Omicron breakthrough infections can provide significant immune enhancement to protect against future variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jean-Laurent Casanova, Mark S. Anderson
Summary: Since 2003, rare inborn errors of human type I IFN immunity have been discovered, each underlying severe viral illnesses. In 2006, autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs due to rare inborn errors of autoimmune regulator (AIRE)-driven T cell tolerance were discovered, but not initially linked to any viral disease. These two lines of clinical investigation converged in 2020, revealing that deficiencies of type I IFN immunity accounted for a significant percentage of critical COVID-19 cases in unvaccinated individuals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jack E. Saunders, Ciaran Gilbride, Stuart Dowall, Susan Morris, Marta Ulaszewska, Alexandra J. Spencer, Emma Rayner, Victoria A. Graham, Emma Kennedy, Kelly Thomas, Roger Hewson, Sarah C. Gilbert, Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer, Teresa Lambe
Summary: In this study, a preclinical assessment of a chimpanzee adenoviral vectored vaccine (ChAdOx2 CCHF) against Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus (CCHFV) was conducted. The results showed that ChAdOx2 CCHF vaccine induced both cellular and humoral immune responses in mice and provided 100% protection in a lethal CCHF challenge model. Additionally, the combination of ChAdOx2 CCHF vaccine with Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccine (MVA CCHF) elicited the highest levels of CCHFV-specific cell-mediated and antibody responses in mice.
Review
Immunology
Stuart G. Tangye, Joseph Mackie, Karrnan Pathmanandavel, Cindy S. Ma
Summary: The essential role of B cells is to produce immunoglobulins that can recognize and neutralize pathogens. Understanding the signaling pathways in B cells is crucial for understanding immune dyscrasias and developing effective immune responses.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)