Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyle H. Flippo, Matthew J. Potthoff
Summary: FGF21, a non-canonical fibroblast growth factor, acts as an endocrine hormone signaling to various targets in the body. Initially recognized for its potential in correcting metabolic dysfunction and reducing body weight associated with diabetes and obesity, new functions of FGF21 signaling have emerged, demonstrating its ability to regulate macronutrient preference and energy balance.
Review
Immunology
Maha Sellami, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Baha Aboghaba, Mohamed A. Elrayess
Summary: This review summarizes the effects of acute and chronic exercise on immunoglobulins and cytokines in the elderly. Acute endurance exercise increases salivary SIgA, while acute muscle strengthening exercise raises levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha. Chronic exercise, both short-term and long-term, leads to improvements in immune function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ana Claudia Lima, Diana Amorim, Ines Laranjeira, Armando Almeida, Rui L. Reis, Helena Ferreira, Filipa Pinto-Ribeiro, Nuno M. Neves
Summary: The immobilization of anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-6 antibodies on polymeric nanoparticles extended and increased therapeutic efficacy while avoiding off-target effects. Biofunctionalized nanoparticles showed greater efficiency in reducing inflammation compared to soluble antibodies, offering a promising therapeutic option for inflammatory conditions with a safe profile and prolonged action.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Takashi Ashino, Yuki Nakamura, Hirokazu Ohtaki, Yoichiro Iwakura, Satoshi Numazawa
Summary: Sepsis affects drug metabolism and the expression of cytochrome P450s. The study shows that cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and leads to decreased survival in IL-6(-/-) mice. CLP also downregulates the expression of Cyp2c and Cyp3a11 genes, but this effect is abolished by IL-6 depletion.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Wanvisa Udomsinprasert, Jiraphun Jittikoon, Sermsiri Sangroongruangsri, Usa Chaikledkaew
Summary: The levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in COVID-19 patients may serve as potential biomarkers for disease severity and mortality.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Areej Al-Roub, Ashraf Al Madhoun, Nadeem Akhter, Reeby Thomas, Lavina Miranda, Texy Jacob, Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Fahd Al-Mulla, Sardar Sindhu, Rasheed Ahmad
Summary: The overexpression of IL-6 in the adipose tissue of obese individuals may lead to insulin resistance. IL-1 beta and TNF alpha, which are increased in obese adipose tissue, cooperate to enhance the production of IL-6 in adipocytes. This cooperative interaction depends on CREB binding and H3K14 acetylation and provides an interesting pathophysiological connection among IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, and IL-6 in obesity settings.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga M. Koper-Lenkiewicz, Kinga Sutkowska, Natalia Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek, Ewa Kowalewska, Joanna Matowicka-Karna
Summary: Studies have shown that the relationship between SNPs in proinflammatory cytokines genes and susceptibility to developing RA is inconclusive and varies among different ethnic populations. These polymorphisms also have an impact on clinicopathological features of RA and patients' response to treatment. Further research on larger cohorts and diverse populations is needed to elucidate the role of these SNPs in RA patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shihab Kochumon, Texy Jacob, Merin Koshy, Fatema Al-Rashed, Sardar Sindhu, Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Fahd Al-Mulla, Evan D. Rosen, Rasheed Ahmad
Summary: This study finds that palmitate interacts with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to enhance IL-6 production in monocytes of obese individuals. Palmitate modulates IL-6 expression through p300 binding and transcription factor recruitment to the Il6 promoter regions.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Agnieszka Jablonska, Branislav Zagrapan, Christoph Neumayer, Wolf Eilenberg, Andreas Scheuba, Christine Brostjan, Svitlana Demyanets, Markus Klinger, Josif Nanobachvili, Ihor Huk
Summary: The study found that mutations in IL-6 -174G/C genotype were associated with an increased risk of AAA occurrence, while heterozygous carriers of TNF-α -308G/A genotype also showed an increased risk of AAA incidence. The wild-type genotypes of IL-6 -174G/C and TNF-α -308G/A appeared more frequently in healthy subjects, and were associated with a decreased risk of AAA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Takashi Ishijima, Kazuyuki Nakajima
Summary: Through utilizing an animal model with LPS-induced rat brain, the study revealed that microglia induce different inflammatory cytokines through specific combinations of MAPKs and by the presence or absence of nitric oxide.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Weronika Pawlik, Jakub Pawlik, Mateusz Kozlowski, Karolina Luczkowska, Sebastian Kwiatkowski, Ewa Kwiatkowska, Boguslaw Machalinski, Aneta Cymbaluk-Ploska
Summary: This study found that serum levels of IL-8 and TNF-alpha were significantly higher in ovarian cancer patients compared to patients with benign ovarian cysts, and they can be used as new useful markers for predicting ovarian cancer. IL-8 and TNF-alpha have a sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 96%, and 85.7% and 79.3% respectively, indicating their utility in predicting the malignant nature of ovarian lesions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katy Diallo, Numa Simons, Souraya Sayegh, Michel Baron, Yannick Degboe, Jean-Frederic Boyer, Andrey Kruglov, Sergei Nedospasov, Julien Novarino, Meryem Aloulou, Nicolas Fazilleau, Arnaud Constantin, Alain Cantagrel, Jean-Luc Davignon, Benjamin Rauwel
Summary: The study shows that the binding of anti-TNF biologics to tmTNF can reduce the severity of arthritis by increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory markers and decreasing inflammation. This suggests a complementary explanation for the effects of anti-TNF biologics in treating inflammatory diseases and opens the door to studies on new arginase-1-dependent therapeutic targets.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ying Feng, Han Dong, Liyan Zheng
Summary: Ligustrazine was found to inhibit inflammation in Endometriosis (EMs) by regulating the STAT3/IGF2BP1/RELA axis. These findings propose a new agent against EMs and support the development of ligustrazine-based treatment strategies for EMs.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Chenlu Shen, Weijia Ye, Lijun Gong, Kejia Lv, Bicong Gao, Hua Yao
Summary: The study revealed significantly elevated levels of serum interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, with no significant difference in interleukin-17A levels between the two groups. Further exploration is needed to understand the role of TNF-alpha in the pathology of RAS.
JOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Simon Johannes Gairing, Julian Anders, Leonard Kaps, Michael Nagel, Maurice Michel, Wolfgang Maximilian Kremer, Max Hilscher, Peter Robert Galle, Joern M. Schattenberg, Marcus-Alexander Woerns, Christian Labenz
Summary: Using IL-6 serum levels as a biomarker in a stepwise diagnostic algorithm can reduce the number of patients requiring testing with PHES and in turn the workload.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chun-Jung Huang, Alexandra L. Rodriguez, Nishant P. Visavadiya, Brandon G. Fico, Aaron L. Slusher, Peter J. Ferrandi, Michael Whitehurst
Summary: This study investigated the molecular activity of autophagy and apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after maximal aerobic exercise in obese and normal-weight individuals. The findings suggest that the regulation of autophagy and apoptotic pathways differs between obese and normal-weight individuals following maximal aerobic exercise.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Brisamar Estebanez, David Jimenez-Pavon, Chun-Jung Huang, Maria J. Cuevas, Javier Gonzalez-Gallego
Summary: This review systematically investigates the effects of exercise on the release and cargo of exosomes, showing that exercise promotes exosome release without modifying their size and leads to an increase in specific exosome markers. Various exosome-carried microRNAs involved in regulating skeletal muscle tissue proliferation and differentiation are released in response to exercise. However, methodological factors such as exosome isolation and characterization, as well as timing of sample recovery post-exercise, can impact the analysis and interpretation of findings.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Stephen M. Fischer, Alexei Wong, Arun Maharaj, Salvador J. Jaime, Arturo Figueroa
Summary: The study demonstrates that impaired pulsatile hemodynamics (PPA and AIx) are negatively associated with ASMI and LegLM, while arterial stiffness is negatively associated with ASMI and ArmLM in overweight and obese postmenopausal women.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Arun Maharaj, Stephen M. Fischer, Katherine N. Dillon, Yejin Kang, Mauricio A. Martinez, Arturo Figueroa
Summary: This study found that acute CIT ingestion can attenuate aortic systolic blood pressure response in hypertensive postmenopausal women during exercise and cold-induced sympathetic activation, which may prevent left ventricular overload.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Salvador J. Jaime, Jessica Nagel, Arun Maharaj, Stephen M. Fischer, Elizabeth Schwab, Christopher Martinson, Kim Radtke, Richard P. Mikat, Arturo Figueroa
Summary: L-citrulline supplementation can attenuate aortic hemodynamic responses to cold pressor test in older adults, providing possible cardioprotection.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Arun Maharaj, Stephen M. Fischer, Katherine N. Dillon, Yejin Kang, Mauricio A. Martinez, Arturo Figueroa
Summary: This study found that L-CIT supplementation improves endothelial function and aortic blood pressure in hypertensive postmenopausal women through increased availability of L-ARG.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yejin Kang, Katherine N. Dillon, Mauricio A. Martinez, Arun Maharaj, Stephen M. Fischer, Arturo Figueroa
Summary: Hypertension is common in postmenopausal women. Endothelial dysfunction and reduced muscle mass and strength contribute to hypertension. L-citrulline supplementation and slow velocity low-intensity resistance training have shown improvements in vascular function, but their effects on muscle mass were unclear. This study found that combining L-citrulline supplementation and slow velocity low-intensity resistance training had additional benefits on leg endothelial function, lean mass, and strength in hypertensive postmenopausal women.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brisamar Estebanez, Nishant P. Visavadiya, Jose E. Vargas, Marta Rivera-Viloria, Andy Khamoui, Jose A. de Paz, Chun-Jung Huang
Summary: Resistance training can improve endoplasmic reticulum stress response in elderly individuals, according to this study.
Article
Biology
Brandon G. Fico, Ryan S. Garten, Michael C. Zourdos, Michael Whitehurst, Peter J. Ferrandi, Katelyn M. Dodge, Gabriel S. Pena, Alexandra A. Rodriguez, Chun-Jung Huang
Summary: This study compared the acute effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and continuous moderate-intensity exercise (CME) on vascular health indicators in individuals with obesity. The results showed that both exercise modalities led to improvements in vascular health, with HIIE being a time-effective strategy. Additionally, CME had a greater effect on improving endothelial function in obese participants.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Arturo Figueroa, Arun Maharaj, Yejin Kang, Katherine N. Dillon, Mauricio A. Martinez, Masahiko Morita, Dai Nogimura, Stephen M. Fischer
Summary: Postmenopausal women may experience endothelial dysfunction due to arginine deficiency and oxidative stress. Citrulline combined with glutathione improved flow-mediated dilation and attenuated blood pressure reactivity in these women. Baseline flow-mediated dilation and aortic mean arterial pressure response to cold pressor test were associated with the improvements in flow-mediated dilation.
Review
Biology
Brandon G. Fico, Arun Maharaj, Gabriel S. Pena, Chun-Jung Huang
Summary: Our aging population and the increasing prevalence of obesity have become a significant health issue as they contribute to the development of related diseases. This review explores the interaction and impact of obesity and aging on inflammatory, cardiovascular, and neurobiological processes. It emphasizes the role of exercise in mediating these effects in older adults.
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Yejin Kang, Arun Maharaj, Stephen M. Fischer, Katherine Dillon, Mauricio Martinez, Arturo Figueroa
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Katherine Nichole Dillon, Arun Maharaj, Stephen M. Fischer, Yejin Kang, Mauricio Martinez, Arturo Figueroa
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Justin R. Mason, Gershon Tenenbaum, Salvador Jaime, Nelson Roque, Arun Maharaj, Arturo Figueroa
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of high and normal carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) on cognitive function and cardiovascular parameters in older adults. The results suggest that certain cognitive domains in older adults are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial stiffness.
BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Arun Maharaj, Stephen M. Fischer, Arturo Figueroa
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2021)