Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Liliana Fadul-Pacheco, Michael Liou, Douglas J. Reinemann, Victor E. Cabrera
Summary: Cows are social animals and understanding their social dynamics through social network analysis can help improve management and welfare. This study identified affinity pairs of cows that showed increased stress when separated, leading to higher milk production variability. The results suggest that social network analysis could be a useful tool for reducing milk yield variation and understanding the social dynamics of dairy cows.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
B. Foris, L. G. Mangilli, J. M. C. Van Os, M. A. G. von Keyserlingk, J. A. Fregonesi, D. M. Weary
Summary: Cows sometimes defecate while lying down, especially when early in gestation or spending more time lying. Overstocking leads to higher stall use and displacement but does not increase defecating while recumbent frequency.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Grzegorz Grodkowski, Marcin Golebiewski, Jan Slosarz, Kinga Grodkowska, Piotr Kostusiak, Tomasz Sakowski, Kamila Puppel
Summary: Consumers are increasingly choosing organic farming products because they believe that organic farms do not use pesticides or antibiotics and that animals are provided with the best living conditions. This review discusses the comparison between organic and conventional dairy cattle housing systems in terms of welfare assessment, breed selection, and product quality. It has been shown that cows kept in organic systems usually have better welfare compared to conventional breeding, but conventional farms can also provide better animal welfare through the use of pasture grazing. The taste of milk is affected by pasture feeding, but this depends on consumer preference.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
C. M. Tippenhauer, J-L Plenio, A. M. L. Madureira, R. L. A. Cerri, W. Heuwieser, S. Borchardt
Summary: The observational study aimed to identify factors associated with estrous duration and intensity in lactating Holstein cows, finding a strong correlation between DU and PA, with cows exhibiting high PA having greater odds of pregnancy. Increased temperature-humidity index, short interestrus intervals, and changes in rumination were associated with DU and PA.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cassandra B. Tucker, Margit Bak Jensen, Anne Marie de Passille, Laura Hanninen, Jeffrey Rushen
Summary: Lying down is crucial for dairy cow welfare, as cows are highly motivated to lie down and may exhibit indicators of frustration when unable to do so. Environmental factors and health conditions play a significant role in influencing lying time, and the implications on welfare remain complex and multifaceted. More research is needed to fully understand the relationship between lying behavior and animal welfare.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. M. Tonooka, E. Vasseur, M. Villettaz Robichaud
Summary: This article discusses the eliminative behaviors of dairy cattle, including frequencies and distributions over time and space. It also explores the factors that can affect these behaviors and methods for managing them. The available literature on these behaviors is limited, focusing mainly on daily frequencies and distributions. There are relationships between eliminative behaviors and the activity levels of both the animals and the people who manage them. The type of housing system plays a key role in determining where and when eliminations occur.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
V Boyer, E. Edwards, M. F. Guiso, S. Adam, P. Krawczel, A. M. de Passille, E. Vasseur
Summary: This study compared the effects of different width tiestalls on the lying behavior of lactating dairy cows, finding that cows in double stalls extended their hindlimbs more, intruded neighboring stalls less, and positioned their hindlimbs inside their own stall more often. Double stalls also reduced the frequency of contact with stall hardware.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. St John, J. Rushen, S. Adam, E. Vasseur
Summary: The study aimed to develop new recommendations for tie-rail placement to improve dairy cow welfare, but found that different tie-rail positions did not affect cow and stall cleanliness, bedding quantity, and lying time. However, all tie-rail placements resulted in neck injuries, indicating the need for further research on alternatives to metal tie-rail bars.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
V Boyer, A. M. de Passille, S. Adam, E. Vasseur
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of increasing tie chain length on cow movement opportunities and behaviors. Results suggest that increasing the chain length improves cows' ease of movement and transitions.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ligia C. Moreira, Guilherme J. M. Rosa, Daniel M. Schaefer
Summary: Despite over 3 million dairy cows entering the U.S. food supply chain each year, research on this topic is limited. This review highlights the importance of dairy cows as a beef source and provides an overview of various topics from farm to meat product, including culling, marketing, transportation, welfare, body composition, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and traceability.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Margit Bak Jensen, Laura E. Webb, Mette Vaarst, Eddie A. M. Bokkers
Summary: This study investigated the behavior of dairy cows during calving under spacious outdoor conditions and the effects of artificial hides on their selection of calving location. The results showed that primiparous cows tended to distance themselves further from the herd during calving and preferred to isolate themselves through distance rather than seeking artificial cover.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Eleni Dovolou, Themistoklis Giannoulis, Ioannis Nanas, Georgios S. Amiridis
Summary: Global warming poses a significant threat to the dairy sector, affecting both tropical and temperate regions. High temperatures compromise the welfare and fertility of dairy cows, leading to economic losses for farmers. Dairy cows employ various adaptive mechanisms to cope with heat stress, but the disruption of hormone secretion has long-lasting effects on fertility. Mitigation measures can restore milk production, but summer fertility records remain low due to the multifaceted nature of sustaining high fertility and proper reproductive processes.
Article
Reproductive Biology
S. Banuelos, J. S. Stevenson
Summary: This study assessed key metabolites and patterns of prepartum and postpartum physical activity related to the onset of first postpartum ovulation in lactating dairy cows. Early ovulating cows showed lower concentrations of blood metabolites and temperatures, as well as differences in postpartum activity and behavior compared to late ovulating cows.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongan Zhang, Qian Zhang, Lina Zhang, Jia Li, Meian Li, Yanqiu Liu, Yanyu Shi
Summary: Machine vision technology has become an important tool for intelligent breeding of dairy cows due to its non-invasive, low-cost, and multi-behavior recognition capabilities. This review summarizes the recent applications of machine vision technology, machine learning, and deep learning in the recognition of various behaviors and common diseases in dairy cows. Based on current research results, machine vision technology will play a crucial role in the future development of intelligent breeding of dairy cows.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yunfei Wang, Rong Li, Zheng Wang, Zhixin Hua, Yitao Jiao, Yuanchao Duan, Huaibo Song
Summary: In this paper, the E3D algorithm was proposed to accurately and rapidly recognize the basic motion behaviors of dairy cows. The algorithm combines 3D convolution and Dwise to efficiently process the spatial-temporal information of the video. Experimental results showed that E3D outperformed other networks in terms of accuracy and parameter reduction, making it suitable for recognizing cow behaviors in natural environments.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Muhammad Aamir Aslam, Dirkjan Schokker, Ton G. G. Groothuis, Agnes A. C. de Wit, Mari A. Smits, Henri Woelders
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2015)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Runa Kuley, Ruth Bossers-deVries, Hilde E. Smith, Mari A. Smits, Hendrik I. J. Roest, Alex Bossers
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Martine Schroyen, Christopher Eisley, James E. Koltes, Eric Fritz-Waters, Igseo Choi, Graham S. Plastow, Leluo Guan, Paul Stothard, Hua Bao, Arun Kommadath, James M. Reecy, Joan K. Lunney, Robert R. R. Rowland, Jack C. M. Dekkers, Christopher K. Tuggle
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamie M. Wilkinson, Andrea Ladinig, Hua Bao, Arun Kommadath, Paul Stothard, Joan K. Lunney, John C. S. Harding, Graham S. Plastow
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arun Kommadath, Hua Bao, Igseo Choi, James M. Reecy, James E. Koltes, Elyn Fritz-Waters, Chris J. Eisley, Jason R. Grant, Robert R. R. Rowland, Christopher K. Tuggle, Jack C. M. Dekkers, Joan K. Lunney, Le Luo Guan, Paul Stothard, Graham S. Plastow
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2017)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ty Russell, Catherine Cullingham, Arun Kommadath, Paul Stothard, Allen Herbst, David Coltman
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Peris M. Munyaka, Arun Kommadath, Janelle Fouhse, Jamie Wilkinson, Natalie Diether, Paul Stothard, Jordi Estelle, Claire Rogel-Gaillard, Graham Plastow, Benjamin P. Willing
Article
Biology
Arun Kommadath, Jason R. Grant, Kirill Krivushin, Adrien M. Butty, Christine F. Baes, Tara R. Carthy, Donagh P. Berry, Paul Stothard
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adrien M. Butty, Tatiane C. S. Chud, Filippo Miglior, Flavio S. Schenkel, Arun Kommadath, Kirill Krivushin, Jason R. Grant, Irene M. Haefliger, Cord Droegemueller, Angela Canovas, Paul Stothard, Christine F. Baes
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuan Yao Chen, Arun Kommadath, Payam Vahmani, Jeyachchandran Visvalingam, Michael E. R. Dugan, Xianqin Yang
Summary: Fatty acids from flaxseed-fed cattle, especially long chain unsaturated fatty acids, have shown potential as natural antimicrobials against L. monocytogenes by controlling growth and attenuating virulence. This study provides insights into the effectiveness of beef fat fractions as antimicrobial agents against foodborne pathogens.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephanie Lam, Arun Kommadath, Oscar Lopez-Campos, Nuria Prieto, Jennifer Aalhus, Manuel Juarez, Michael E. R. Dugan, Payam Vahmani
Summary: Evaluation of RNA quality and transcriptomic profile in beef muscle post-mortem revealed changes in expression levels of known biomarker genes for meat quality starting from 24 hours onwards, highlighting the importance of sampling RNA within 24 hours for accurate predictions. The study also emphasized the need for further research on mitochondrial genes, non-coding genes, and the potential impact of pre-mortem immune status on post-mortem meat quality.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Eoin O'Hara, Allen Herbst, Arun Kommadath, Judd M. Aiken, Debbie McKenzie, Negin Goodarzi, Pamela Skinner, Paul Stothard
Summary: This study utilized RNA sequencing to compare the brain transcriptome of white-tailed deer affected by chronic wasting disease (CWD) to unaffected deer. The results identified significant gene expression changes related to immune activation, providing important insights into the pathogenesis of CWD and potential targets for therapeutic interventions. The study also ruled out an association between CWD and spiroplasma infection.
Article
Developmental Biology
Kacie A. Norton, Ross Humphreys, Chelsey Weatherill, Kevin Duong, Vivian V. Nguyen, Arun Kommadath, Farshad Niri, Paul Stothard, Heather E. McDermid
Summary: Defects in spermatogenesis are an important cause of male infertility. Mutations in chromatin remodelling gene Cecr2 result in subfertility in mice, and the severity of male subfertility depends on age. Cecr2(GT/Del) males sire the fewest pups just after sexual maturity but show improvement with age.
Article
Microbiology
Devin B. Holman, Arun Kommadath, Jeffrey P. Tingley, D. Wade Abbott
Summary: Pigs are extensively farmed animals and their gut microbiome plays a crucial role in their health and performance. This study investigated the changes in the gut microbiome of pigs after weaning and identified key species and genes associated with carbohydrate degradation, short-chain fatty acid production, and antimicrobial resistance. The findings highlight the importance of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) in understanding the genomic context of gut microbiomes.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Devin B. Holman, Katherine E. Gzyl, Arun Kommadath
Summary: Conventional swine production involves indoor, high-density farming, while pasture-raised pigs are reared outdoors with lower stocking densities. The use of antimicrobials differs between these two production systems, with conventionally raised pigs being exposed to antimicrobials to control and prevent infectious diseases. This study used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to compare the gut microbiomes and resistomes of pigs raised in these two systems. The results showed significant differences in microbial compositions, resistomes, and functional profiles between the two groups of pigs. The findings provide insights into the impact of different production systems on pig gut microbiomes and antimicrobial resistance.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2023)