Article
Microbiology
Pil Soo Kim, Na-Ri Shin, Jae-Bong Lee, Min-Soo Kim, Tae Woong Whon, Dong-Wook Hyun, Ji-Hyun Yun, Mi-Ja Jung, Joon Yong Kim, Jin-Woo Bae
Summary: This study comprehensively characterized gut bacterial communities in fish, revealing that the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. The gut microbiota in fish was more strongly influenced by host habitat than by host taxonomy or trophic level.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Haijian Sun, Yunke Guo, Haidan Wang, Ailing Yin, Jing Hu, Tianjie Yuan, Shuxin Zhou, Weichen Xu, Peng Wei, Shusheng Yin, Panru Liu, Xi Guo, Yizhao Tang, Yujiao Yan, Zichen Luo, Majie Wang, Qingqing Liang, Peng Wu, Aifeng Zhang, Zhuxiu Zhou, Yueyue Chen, Yongming Li, Jing Li, Jinjun Shan, Wei Zhou
Summary: This study found that the food-derived Parabacteroides distasonis can ameliorate the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is negatively correlated with disease activity in RA patients. In addition, 3-oxoLCA and isoLCA can inhibit the development of RA by stimulating TGR5 and promoting macrophage polarization.
Article
Cell Biology
Caijun Zhao, Lijuan Bao, Min Qiu, Keyi Wu, Yihong Zhao, Lianjun Feng, Kaihe Xiang, Naisheng Zhang, Xiaoyu Hu
Summary: This study found that cows with mastitis had significant gut dysbiosis, characterized by enrichment of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and depletion of commensal bacteria. Fecal microbiota transplantation from cows with mastitis to mice induced mastitis and altered gut and mammary microbiota in mice. The commensal bacteria improved mastitis symptoms by producing butyrate, limiting bacterial translocation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna S. Weiss, Lisa S. Niedermeier, Alexandra von Strempel, Anna G. Burrichter, Diana Ring, Chen Meng, Karin Kleigrewe, Chiara Lincetto, Johannes Huebner, Baerbel Stecher
Summary: By characterizing a synthetic gut bacterial community, the authors challenge the concept of universal keystone species in the gastrointestinal ecosystem, revealing a context dependency of keystone functions and bacterial interaction networks.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marina Ferrer, Monica Aguilera, Vicente Martinez
Summary: In a mouse study, rifaximin did not significantly alter gut commensal microbiota and Toll-like receptors in healthy mice, showing only minor changes and no modulation of the immune system. These findings suggest a potential modulatory role of rifaximin in inflammatory and dysbiotic gut conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Elizabeth R. Hughes, Maria G. Winter, Laice Alves da Silva, Matthew K. Muramatsu, Angel G. Jimenez, Caroline C. Gillis, Luisella Spiga, Rachael B. Chanin, Renato L. Santos, Wenhan Zhu, Sebastian E. Winter
Summary: During intestinal inflammation, the composition of gut-associated microbial communities changes, with an increase in Enterobacteriaceae populations. The analysis of microbial hydrogen metabolism revealed that bacterial genomes in the inflamed gut contained more genes encoding predicted hydrogen-utilizing hydrogenases. E. coli mutants lacking hydrogenase-1 and hydrogenase-2 displayed decreased fitness during colonization of the inflamed gut, suggesting the importance of hydrogenases in the context of non-infectious colitis.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yucheng Zhang, Ning Ma, Peng Tan, Xi Ma
Summary: This review provides an overview of how gut bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) to communicate and coordinate their activities, and the role of QS in the interaction between the gut host and microbiota. Understanding the communication network of gut microbiota is crucial for developing strategies against bacterial illnesses and improving gut health.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Veera Kainulainen, Carina Von Schantz-Fant, Ruusu-Maria Kovanen, Swapnil Potdar, Karoliina Laamanen, Jani Saarela, Reetta Satokari
Summary: In this study, a high-throughput screening assay was developed to explore the binding receptors of intestinal epithelial cells for Bifidobacterium bifidum. Four cell surface proteins, SERPINB3, LGICZ1, PKD1, and PAQR6, were identified as potential receptors. Blocking these host cell proteins significantly decreased the binding of B. bifidum to the intestinal cell lines. These proteins are involved in the regulation of cellular processes related to proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and immunity, providing insights into the mechanisms of B. bifidum-host interactions and its regulation of intestinal homeostasis.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lejla Gul, Dezso Modos, Sonia Fonseca, Matthew Madgwick, John P. Thomas, Padhmanand Sudhakar, Catherine Booth, Regis Stentz, Simon R. Carding, Tamas Korcsmaros
Summary: The gastrointestinal tract houses a complex microbial community that plays a crucial role in maintaining gut health. This study investigates the interactions between bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) released by a gut commensal bacterium and host immune cells, revealing that the communication between BEVs and the host is influenced by both cell type and health status. The findings provide insights into potential BEV-based therapies for treating inflammatory bowel disease.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Xingkun Jin, Haoyong Zhu, Yan Shi, Ziwei Chen, Yaohui Wang, Jian-Fang Gui, Zhe Zhao
Summary: Through gut microbiota profiling, we found that hybridization and cohabitation of pufferfish can significantly disturb the gut microbiota composition and function. These results enhance our understanding of the complex and dynamic assemblage of the fish holobiont from a microbial perspective and have practical implications for optimizing performance prediction and improving farmed fish production.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuri Haneishi, Yuma Furuya, Mayu Hasegawa, Antonio Picarelli, Mauro Rossi, Junki Miyamoto
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a rapidly increasing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. Recent research suggests that factors such as genetics, environment, microbiota, and immune responses are involved in its development, but the underlying causes are unclear. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota, particularly a decrease in specific genera, has been identified as a possible trigger for IBD. Improving gut microbiota and identifying specific bacterial species are crucial for understanding and treating IBD and autoimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Katharina Radakovics, Claire Battin, Judith Leitner, Sabine Geiselhart, Wolfgang Paster, Johannes Stoeckl, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Peter Steinberger
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential for recognizing microbial components and initiating immune responses. Although impurities containing TLR ligands can be problematic, this study developed a highly sensitive platform for detecting TLR ligands. By using specific reporter cell lines, the study demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity in detecting various TLR ligands. This system can be used to characterize different TLR ligands, including complex samples like bacterially expressed proteins or allergen extracts, and can help define the structural requirements for TLR agonists.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Qiuyu Ma, Yonghong Cui, Xu Chu, Guoqiang Li, Meijiao Yang, Rong Wang, Guanghong Liang, Songqing Wu, Mulualem Tigabu, Feiping Zhang, Xia Hu
Summary: The gut microbiota of insects play a crucial role in influencing the host's health and behavior, which can be influenced by the host's environment and diet. This study found significant differences in morphological traits and gut microbiota diversity of Lymantria xylina fed on different diets, indicating vertical inheritance without changes during development. The results help understand the impact of microbial symbiosis on L. xylina and offer new possibilities for controlling these bacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Tyler A. Rice, Agata A. Bielecka, Mytien T. Nguyen, Connor E. Rosen, Deguang Song, Nicole D. Sonnert, Yi Yang, Yiyun Cao, Varnica Khetrapal, Jason R. Catanzaro, Anjelica L. Martin, Saleh A. Rashed, Shana R. Leopold, Liming Hao, Xuezhu Yu, David van Dijk, Aaron M. Ring, Richard A. Flavell, Marcel R. de Zoete, Noah W. Palm
Summary: This study reveals the reciprocal interaction between human gut bacteria that dictates divergent immunological outcomes. It also establishes a generalizable framework to define the contextual cues contributing to the incomplete penetrance of microbial impacts on human disease.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Brandon H. Schlomann, Raghuveer Parthasarathy
Summary: By studying the formation of three-dimensional bacterial clusters experimentally and theoretically, it was found that the distribution of gut bacterial cluster sizes follows a power law decay, with the decay trend of larger clusters being strain-dependent.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marina Ferrer, Monica Aguilera, Vicente Martinez
Summary: In a mouse study, rifaximin did not significantly alter gut commensal microbiota and Toll-like receptors in healthy mice, showing only minor changes and no modulation of the immune system. These findings suggest a potential modulatory role of rifaximin in inflammatory and dysbiotic gut conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Olga Varea, Jordi Duran, Monica Aguilera, Neus Prats, Joan J. Guinovart
Summary: Lafora disease (LD) is a fatal adolescence-onset neurodegenerative condition characterized by the accumulation of aberrant glycogen aggregates known as Lafora bodies (LBs). Early suppression of glycogen synthase (MGS) can prevent LB formation and pathological manifestations of LD, but it is unclear whether late suppression of MGS can halt LB accumulation. Further research is needed to understand the potential therapeutic effects of targeting MGS in LD treatment.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sara Traserra, Claudia Barber, Jane Maclnnes, Lucia Relea, Lewis C. MacPherson, Margaret R. Cunningham, Patri Vergara, Anna Accarino, Charles Kennedy, Marcel Jimenez
Summary: BPTU affects purinergic neurotransmission in pig and human gastrointestinal tissues by inhibiting P2Y(1) receptors. However, the concentration needed for effectiveness is higher in pig tissue compared to human colonic tissue.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Saladrigas-Garcia, M. D'Angelo, H. L. Ko, S. Traserra, P. Nolis, Y. Ramayo-Caldas, J. M. Folch, P. Vergara, P. Llonch, J. F. Perez, S. M. Martin-Orue
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of early socialization and an enriched neonatal environment on the adaptation of piglets to weaning. Post-weaning differences in microbial colonization, metabolic response, and gene expression were observed between piglets raised in barren vs enriched environments, indicating a possible link between environmental enrichment and improved adaptability to weaning stress.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica Aguilera, Valerio Rossini, Ana Hickey, Donjete Simnica, Fiona Grady, Valeria D. Felice, Amy Moloney, Lauren Pawley, Aine Fanning, Lorraine McCarthy, Siobhan M. O'Mahony, John F. Cryan, Ken Nally, Fergus Shanahan, Silvia Melgar
Summary: The inflammasome pathway plays an important role in visceral pain and neuroimmune responses, particularly in inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions with pain and changes in microbiota composition. This study highlights the significance of interactions between the gut microbiota, immune system, and nervous system for maintaining homeostasis in the gut.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sergio Lopez-Estevez, Georgia Gris, Beatriz de la Puente, Alicia Carceller, Vicente Martinez
Summary: Sigma-1 receptors play an important role in intestinal inflammation-associated referred hyperalgesia, with knockout mice showing significant attenuation in inflammation associated hypersensitivity. The absence of sigma(1)Rs had little impact on colitis generation and progression, but did show reduction in edema and down-regulation of iNOS gene expression during the chronic phase.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Pasquale Pellegrini, Arnau Hervera, Olga Varea, M. Kathryn Brewer, Iliana Lopez-Soldado, Anna Guitart, Monica Aguilera, Neus Prats, Jose Antonio del Rio, Joan J. Guinovart, Jordi Duran
Summary: Lafora disease (LD) is a fatal childhood-onset dementia characterized by the accumulation of glycogen aggregates in various organs, particularly in the brain. The presence of p62, an autophagy adaptor, plays a role in the formation of these aggregates, suggesting a protective mechanism to mitigate the harmful consequences of glycogen accumulation in the brain.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Dafni Chondronasiou, Diljeet Gill, Lluc Mosteiro, Rocio G. Urdinguio, Antonio Berenguer, Monica Aguilera, Sylvere Durand, Fanny Aprahamian, Nitharsshini Nirmalathasan, Maria Abad, Daniel E. Martin-Herranz, Camille Stephan Otto-Attolini, Neus Prats, Guido Kroemer, Mario F. Fraga, Wolf Reik, Manuel Serrano
Summary: A single period of OSKM expression can induce epigenetic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic changes towards a younger configuration in multiple tissues.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sergio Lopez-Estevez, Josep Manuel Lopez-Torrellardona, Marc Parera, Vicente Martinez
Summary: This study explores the validity of DSS-induced colitis in rats as a model to mimic chronic intestinal hypersensitivity. The results indicate that DSS-induced colitis can generate a long-lasting state of visceral hypersensitivity and reproduce the changes in intestinal sensitivity characteristics of inflammatory and functional gastrointestinal disorders in humans. This research is of great importance for the development of new pharmacological treatments against visceral pain.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Estevez, Vicente Martinez
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in microbial regulation of gastrointestinal functions, including the epithelial barrier function (EBF). This study investigated the effects of TLR7 stimulation on colonic EBF in rats. Results showed that TLR7 stimulation with imiquimod had a pro-barrier effect, while the combination with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) had a detrimental effect on EBF. These effects were not associated with changes in gene expression or distribution of tight junction-related proteins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caitlin O'Mahony, Adam Clooney, Siobhan F. Clarke, Monica Aguilera, Aisling Gavin, Donjete Simnica, Mary Ahern, Aine Fanning, Maurice Stanley, Raul Cabrera Rubio, Elaine Patterson, Tatiana Marques, Rebecca Wall, Aileen Houston, Amr Mahmoud, Michael W. Bennett, Catherine Stanton, Marcus J. Claesson, Paul D. Cotter, Fergus Shanahan, Susan A. Joyce, Silvia Melgar
Summary: Environmental factors, such as westernised diets and alterations to the gut microbiota, are considered risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study found that feeding mice a high-fat diet protected them from developing colitis and colitis-associated cancer (CAC) by modulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism, which then influenced vitamin D targeting pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberto Riquelme-Neira, Romina Walker-Vergara, Joan Antoni Fernandez-Blanco, Patrocinio Vergara
Summary: Mast cells play important roles in various immune-related responses, and IL-10 is involved in modulating their activation. However, the precise mechanism of IL-10 in PRR-mediated activation of mast cells remains unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lorena Ortega Moreno, Ana Bagues, Vicente Martinez, Raquel Abalo
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease with disabling motor alterations diagnosed at a late stage, along with early non-motor symptoms like constipation. Current treatments only reduce motor symptoms with drawbacks, so new approaches targeting PD etiopathogeny and biomarkers are needed. Gastrointestinal origins of PD, modulation of gut microbiome, and lipidomics as a tool for personalized analysis show promise in understanding and treating PD.
Article
Cell Biology
Paloma Sola, Elisabetta Mereu, Julia Bonjoch, Marta Casado-Pelaez, Neus Prats, Monica Aguilera, Oscar Reina, Enrique Blanco, Manel Esteller, Luciano Di Croce, Holger Heyn, Guiomar Solanas, Salvador Aznar Benitah
Summary: Skin aging is characterized by changes in structure and function, which contribute to age-related frailty. In this study, the authors found a higher expression of IL-17 in aged skin and demonstrated that blocking IL-17 signaling can reduce inflammation and delay age-related traits. The results suggest that targeting IL-17 signaling could potentially prevent skin aging.