Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jordan B. Wean, Bret N. Smith
Summary: The research suggests that FGF19 increases glutamate release in the DMV through enhancing the activity of AP and NTS neurons connected to the DMV in hyperglycemic mice. Additionally, FGF19 has an impact on intrinsic membrane properties in the NTS, but the effect on glutamate release is not solely dependent on this mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Soledad Pitra, Bret N. Smith
Summary: This article discusses the importance of the brain stem dorsal vagal complex in regulating systemic glucose homeostasis and neuroplastic changes associated with systemic glucose alterations. It also explores the critical connection between these nuclei and the gut, as well as the role of central vagal circuits in the favorable outcomes of bariatric surgical procedures for metabolic disorders.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Huiling Sun, Kai Meng, Lin Hou, Lijun Shang, Jianqun Yan
Summary: GLP-2 is a hormone secreted from the gut and brainstem that can suppress food intake by influencing the hypothalamus through the nucleus tractus solitarius. The GLP-2 system in the nucleus tractus solitarius exerts an inhibitory action on food intake, mediated by MC4-R.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rui Wang, Dan Fang, Tingting Lin, Wenhui Liang, Hu Qiao
Summary: The recent study found that aldosterone can play a non-genomic regulatory role in rapid sodium intake by activating G protein-coupled estrogen receptor at the NTS level, and it exhibits obvious time and concentration-dependent regulation. However, the molecular mechanism of how aldosterone regulates sodium intake rapidly is still unclear.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bindu Parayil Sankaran, Saskia B. Wortman, Michel A. Willemsen, Shanti Balasubramaniam
Summary: A 7-year-old girl with rare genetic disease MEGD(H)EL presented with worsening respiratory issues and required mechanical ventilation, with MRI showing progression of known changes in the disease. Despite being ventilator dependent, she eventually succumbed to the effects of the disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xia Wang, Ruijuan Guan, Xiaomei Zhao, Jun Chen, Danian Zhu, Linlin Shen, Nana Song
Summary: TASKs, specifically TASK1 and TASK3, in orexin neurons play a crucial role in regulating respiratory chemoreflex, with orexin neurons sensing extracellular pH changes and projecting to the NTS to modulate respiration. Blocking TASKs or OX1R can affect breathing response to acidosis in the LH.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonietta Canna, Elena Cantone, Anne Roefs, Sieske Franssen, Anna Prinster, Elia Formisano, Francesco Di Salle, Fabrizio Esposito
Summary: In this study, ultra-high field fMRI was used to investigate the neural signals in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) in response to different taste stimuli in the human brainstem. The results demonstrated a significant blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response in the predicted location of the NTS for all basic taste stimuli. This study suggests the potential of using a similar experimental strategy to explore the central nervous system involvement in eating disorders.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hao Xing, Ningren Cui, Christopher M. Johnson, Zaakir Faisthalab, Chun Jiang
Summary: Our study shows that in mice with MeCP2 gene mutation, neurons in the XII and DMNV regions demonstrate dual GABA and glycine synaptic inhibitions, with a greater reliance on glycine inhibition. This suggests a potential mechanism for the respiratory dysfunction seen in Rett syndrome.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Georgina K. C. Dowsett, Brian Y. H. Lam, John A. Tadross, Irene Cimino, Debra Rimmington, Anthony P. Coll, Joseph Polex-Wolf, Lotte Bjerre Knudsen, Charles Pyke, Giles S. H. Yeo
Summary: This study provides a detailed single-cell level characterization of cells in the AP and NTS expressing receptors for key anti-obesity drugs, revealing their gene expression profiles under different nutritional states. The research also identifies the transcriptional sensitivity of oligodendrocytes to overnight fasting and shows that roughly half of GIPR-expressing cells are oligodendrocytes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jaesub Park, Sangyeon Lee, Kwansoo Kim, Jaegyun Jung, Doheon Lee
Summary: In this study, a computational approach called LAPINE is proposed for large-scale prediction of ADR-related proteins. The results show that LAPINE is capable of predicting ADR-related proteins with high reliability, providing insights into the mechanism of ADRs and aiding in prevention. The source code of LAPINE is available on GitHub and Figshare.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Bailey N. Keller, Andras Hajnal, Kirsteen N. Browning, Amy C. Arnold, Yuval Silberman
Summary: This review summarizes the current literature on neurotransmitters and neuropeptides systems in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) and their potential relevance to alcohol-related behaviors in humans and rodent models for AUD research.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Qiuping Ye, Si Yuan, Lulu Yao, Yong Dai, Bing Deng, Jiahui Hu, Jiao Qiao, Hongmei Wen, Zulin Dou, Nenggui Xu
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effect of nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) on post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) treated by electroacupuncture. The results showed that excitatory neurons in the NTS were involved in the treatment process of PSD by electroacupuncture. Furthermore, it was found that inhibiting the NTS reduced the EMG signal associated with swallowing response induced by M1 activation in PSD mice, which was rescued by electroacupuncture.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Motoi Kobashi, Yuichi Shimatani, Masako Fujita
Summary: We investigated the effects of anorectic substances on gastric reservoir function by examining the effects of oxytocin on the motility of the forestomach in rats. Oxytocin increased intragastric pressure in the forestomach in a dose-dependent manner and suppressed phasic contractions of the distal stomach. The involvement of the area postrema and/or medial nucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarius in these effects was confirmed.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ashmita Mukherjee, Adrianne M. DiBrog, Elizabeth G. Mietlicki-Baase
Summary: Binge-like palatable food intake can reduce the expression of preproglucagon (PPG), the precursor for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), in the hindbrain in male rats. However, it is unknown if similar effects occur in female rats.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Julio C. Pascoaloti-Lima, Benedito H. Machado, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca
Summary: Short-term sustained hypoxia (SH) causes changes in the respiratory pattern of Wistar-Hannover rats, possibly by reducing inhibitory modulation onto NTS-VLM neurons rather than other synaptic transmission alterations.
Article
Neurosciences
Carie R. Boychuk, Peter Gyarmati, Hong Xu, Bret N. Smith
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yajing Song, Peter Gyarmati, Ana Catarina Araujo, Joakim Lundeberg, Harry Brumer, Patrik L. Stahl
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2014)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
P. Gyarmati, Y. Song, J. Hallman, M. Kaller
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yajing Song, Christian G. Giske, Patrik Gille-Johnson, Olof Emanuelsson, Joakim Lundeberg, Peter Gyarmati
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Gyarmati, Christian Kjellander, Carl Aust, Mats Kalin, Lars Ohrmalm, Christian G. Giske
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yajing Song, Peter Gyarmati
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yajing Song, Peter Gyarmati
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yajing Song, Peter Gyarmati
Article
Microbiology
Yajing Song, Peter Gyarmati
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Yajing Song, Michael Neff, Peter Gyarmati
Summary: Despite its comprehensive nature, shotgun metagenomics is the most expensive method, requiring specialized equipment and significant computing power.
FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yajing Song, Katherine Perlman, Peter Gyarmati
Summary: This study investigated the changes in the intestinal and fecal microbiome and their roles in the pathogenesis of bloodstream infection in a pediatric T-ALL mouse model. The results showed that the alterations in the microbiome and SCFA levels contribute significantly to the development of BSI.
Article
Pediatrics
Peter Gyarmati, Yajing Song, James Dotimas, Grace Yoshiba, Amy Christison
Summary: Limited studies have associated changes in microbiota composition and metabolites with obesity among children and adolescents. This study aimed to characterize faecal microbiota composition, diversity, F/B ratio, and SCFA levels in different weight categories of children aged 5 to 12. Results showed no significant differences in diversity or F/B ratios between weight categories, but relative abundance of Proteobacteria and lack of Verrucomicrobia were demonstrated in severe obesity. Additionally, SCFA concentrations increased progressively with weight category, especially in the class 3 obesity group, indicating an association between severe childhood obesity and changes in gut microbiome composition.
Article
Y. Song, P. Gyarmati
GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2017)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Kiss Istvan, Balint Adam, Gyarmati Peter, Kecskemeti Sandor, Belak Sandor
MAGYAR ALLATORVOSOK LAPJA
(2010)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.