Article
Immunology
Tal Ganz, Nina Fainstein, Amit Elad, Marva Lachish, Smadar Goldfarb, Ofira Einstein, Tamir Ben-Hur
Summary: This study suggests that systemic microbial pathogens may accelerate neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and that microglia play a central role in this process. The research also found that modulating microglial activation in an infectious environment can protect the brain from neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Daniela Carnevale, Lorenzo Carnevale, Sara Perrotta, Fabio Pallante, Agnese Migliaccio, Daniele Iodice, Marialuisa Perrotta, Giuseppe Lembo
Summary: Chronic exposure to high blood pressure leads to vascular remodeling, dysfunction, and inflammation through the interaction between vascular and immune cells. Establishing a reliable experimental model of the vascular-immune interface is crucial for developing effective therapies.
Article
Oncology
Giorgia Renga, Emilia Nunzi, Marilena Pariano, Matteo Puccetti, Marina Maria Bellet, Giuseppe Pieraccini, Fiorella D'Onofrio, Ilaria Santarelli, Claudia Stincardini, Franco Aversa, Francesca Riuzzi, Cinzia Antognelli, Marco Gargaro, Oxana Bereshchenko, Maurizio Ricci, Stefano Giovagnoli, Luigina Romani, Claudio Costantini
Summary: Microbial metabolites at the interface between microbes and the host immune system can optimize immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy without impairing its antitumor activity. This study provides a proof-of-concept demonstration for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emanuela Senjor, Janko Kos, Milica Perisic Nanut
Summary: Cysteine cathepsins, the most abundant proteases in lysosomes, play essential roles in various cellular processes. Their upregulation is associated with pathological conditions such as cancer and neurodegeneration. This review provides an overview of their involvement in immune disorders and suggests potential targeting options.
Review
Cell Biology
Thomas Regan, Rachel Conway, Leena P. Bharath
Summary: Redox homeostasis is crucial for normal cell physiology, and dysregulation can lead to various diseases. Immune cells have specific redox regulatory systems that play important roles in immune response and inflammation. Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) is a key protein involved in redox regulation, and its dysfunction is associated with immune-related diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Yan Wang, Rory N. Pruitt, Thorsten Nuernberger, Yuanchao Wang
Summary: Plant pathogens utilize various strategies to evade plant immunity, hindering the effective use of host genetic resistance for disease control. This Review discusses current knowledge on how microbial pathogens successfully infect plants by evading their immune responses and explores the potential for engineering crop resistance based on this knowledge.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Cecilia Rosel-Pech, Sandra Pinto-Cardoso, Monserrat Chavez-Torres, Nadia Montufar, Ivan Osuna-Padilla, Santiago Avila-Rios, Gustavo Reyes-Teran, Charmina Aguirre-Alvarado, Norma Angelica Matias Juan, Hector Perez-Lorenzana, Jose Guillermo Vazquez-Rosales, Vilma Carolina Bekker-Mendez
Summary: The gut microbiota of children perinatally-infected with HIV (CLWH) appears similar to that of HIV-unexposed and -uninfected children (HUU), and most markers of HIV disease progression are normalized with long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), suggesting a beneficial effect of ART on the gut microbial ecology. The relationship between exhausted and activated CD4+ T cells and Proteobacteria suggests a connection between the gut microbiome and premature aging in CLWH.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yan-mei Qiu, Chun-lin Zhang, An-qi Chen, Hai-ling Wang, Yi-fan Zhou, Ya-nan Li, Bo Hu
Summary: Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) disruption is a crucial pathophysiological process in acute ischemic stroke, where the rapid activation of immune cells plays a critical role. Infiltrating immune cells increase BBB permeability, causing microvascular disorder, but also promote BBB repair and angiogenesis. Understanding the inflammatory mechanisms behind BBB disruption can lead to the development of more effective therapeutics for acute ischemic stroke.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Micah J. Worley
Summary: The mammalian immune system plays a major role in preventing and controlling infections caused by enteropathogens. The gastrointestinal tissues serve as the main interface with the environment, and about 70% of the human immune system is dedicated to patrolling them. The defenses include microflora and physical barriers, as well as innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. However, some bacterial enteropathogens have developed virulence factors to overcome these defenses, leading to mild to severe human diseases.
Review
Immunology
Delphine C. Malherbe, Ilhem Messaoudi
Summary: Drinking alcohol, even in moderation, can have disproportionate effects on the immune system, particularly on myeloid cells. These effects depend on the pattern of alcohol exposure, with acute drinking dampening inflammatory mediators and chronic drinking enhancing their production. Alcohol's impact on myeloid cells is thought to be mediated by oxidative stress and changes in cellular epigenetic landscapes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yi-han Wei, Xi Ma, Jiang-Chao Zhao, Xiu-Qi Wang, Chun-Qi Gao
Summary: This review focuses on the role of succinate, a metabolite produced by both host cells and gut microbes, in activating intestinal mucosal cells and regulating the gut-immune tissue axis. It also explores its function as a mediator of microbiota-host crosstalk and its potential in regulating intestinal microbiota homeostasis. The review provides insights into feasible ways to modulate succinate levels and highlights succinate as a potential target for microbial therapeutics for humans.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew B. Das, Annika R. Seddon, Karina M. O'Connor, Mark B. Hampton
Summary: Excessive production of microbicidal oxidants by neutrophils can damage host tissue, with potential long-term consequences needing further clarification. Epigenetic pathways may be targets of oxidative stress, with evidence of redox sensitivity in many proteins and metabolites involved.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ka Man Tse, Osamu Takeuchi
Summary: Innate immunity is responsible for anti-infective response and inflammation, which can have deleterious consequences if over-exaggerated. Cytokines play a critical role in inflammation and immune defense. Post-transcriptional regulation is important in fine-tuning cytokine expression. This review focuses on pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity, post-transcriptional regulations of inflammatory mediators by RNA-binding proteins, especially Regnase-1, and potential therapeutic strategies for chronic and autoimmune diseases.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Priya Makhijani, Paulo Jose Basso, Yi Tao Chan, Nan Chen, Jordan Baechle, Saad Khan, David Furman, Sue Tsai, Daniel A. A. Winer
Summary: The signaling pathways downstream of the insulin receptor are highly conserved and play important roles in regulating organism longevity and metabolism. In addition to metabolic tissues, immune cells also express the insulin receptor and its downstream signaling machinery, suggesting a role for insulin signaling in shaping the immune response. This review summarizes the current understanding of insulin receptor signaling pathways in different immune cell subsets and their impact on cellular metabolism, differentiation, and immune function. It also discusses the mechanistic links between altered insulin receptor signaling and immune dysfunction in various disease settings, particularly age-related conditions.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Shaoying Zhang, Shemin Lu, Zongfang Li
Summary: The liver is a complex site of immune activity that tolerates harmless immunogenic loads while maintaining liver function and immune surveillance. Activation of hepatic immunity is initiated by resident immune cells and non-hematopoietic cells, which can trigger a robust immune response. Crosstalk between the liver and other organs is involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of extrahepatic factors in liver immunity could provide promising targets for liver disease therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Shu-Ling Fan, Nancy S. Miller, John Lee, Daniel G. Remick
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2016)
Article
Immunology
George Papadopoulos, Ellen O. Weinberg, Paola Massari, Frank C. Gibson, Lee M. Wetzler, Elise F. Morgan, Caroline A. Genco
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Cell Biology
Brodie Miles, Elizabeth Scisci, Julio Carrion, Gregory J. Sabino, Caroline A. Genco, Christopher W. Cutler
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2013)
Review
Physiology
Kendra N. Iskander, Marcin F. Osuchowski, Deborah J. Stearns-Kurosawa, Shinichiro Kurosawa, David Stepien, Catherine Valentine, Daniel G. Remick
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2013)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kendra N. Iskander, Max Vaickus, Elizabeth R. Duffy, Daniel G. Remick
Article
Pathology
Max Vaickus, Terry Hsieh, Ekaterina Kintsurashvili, Jiyoun Kim, Daniel Kirsch, George Kasotakis, Daniel G. Remick
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Wenjing Le, Xiaohong Su, Xiangdi Lou, Xuechun Li, Xiangdong Gong, Baoxi Wang, Caroline A. Genco, John P. Mueller, Peter A. Rice
Summary: The study found that zoliflodacin maintains strong in vitro activity against clinical gonococcal isolates, even those with high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
George Papadopoulos, Robert Berland, Ashwini Sunkavalli, Stephen R. Coats, Richard P. Darveau, Caroline A. Genco
Summary: Most Gram-negative bacteria trigger a strong immune response through recognition of lipid A by Toll-like receptor 4, but some bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis alter their lipid A structure to evade detection and influence host adaptive immunity, leading to chronic infections associated with systemic inflammatory disorders.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xuechun Li, Wenjing Le, Xiangdi Lou, Biwei Wang, Caroline A. Genco, Peter A. Rice, Xiaohong Su
Summary: The study demonstrated that gentamicin showed excellent in vitro susceptibility against clinical gonococcal isolates, including multidrug-resistant strains. Combinations of gentamicin with ertapenem, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin exhibited synergistic effects against certain multidrug-resistant isolates, with no antagonism observed in any of the antimicrobial combinations, showing potential for guiding clinical testing of combination therapies.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xuechun Li, Wenjing Le, Xiangdi Lou, Caroline A. Genco, Peter A. Rice, Xiaohong Su
Summary: Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates collected in Nanjing, China that showed decreased susceptibility or resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) were found to have varying susceptibility to ertapenem. The study also identified genetic determinants of ESC resistance and analyzed associations with ertapenem susceptibility. The findings suggest that ertapenem may be an effective therapy for ESC-resistant isolates with identifiable resistance determinants.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Alison K. Criss, Caroline A. Genco, Scott D. Gray-Owen, Ann E. Jerse, H. Steven Seifert
Summary: Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ngo) is the main cause of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection, with 87 million new infections reported globally each year. Rising infection rates and antibiotic-resistant strains have raised concerns about untreatable infections. Neutrophils play a central role in symptomatic disease, impacting both Ngo infection and damage to host tissues.
Review
Pathology
Michael Kritselis, Daniel G. Remick
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pathology
Chris Andry, Elizabeth Duffy, Christopher A. Moskaluk, Shannon McCall, Michael H. A. Roehrl, Daniel Remick
ACADEMIC PATHOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Pathology
Yuriy O. Alekseyev, Roghayeh Fazeli, Shi Yang, Raveen Basran, Thomas Maher, Nancy S. Miller, Daniel Remick
ACADEMIC PATHOLOGY
(2018)