Article
Biology
Julia R. Torvi, Jonathan Wong, Daniel Serwas, Amir Moayed, David G. Drubin, Georjana Barnes
Summary: During mitosis, microtubules make attachments to chromosomes via a protein complex called the kinetochore, facilitating accurate chromosome segregation. This study used TIRF microscopy to observe the translocation of kinetochores on the lateral surface of microtubules and found that it is dependent on the kinesin-8 protein Kip3. The findings provide insights into the mechanism of cell division.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Max A. B. Haase, Guojon Olafsson, Rachel L. Flores, Emmanuel Boakye-Ansah, Alex Zelter, Miles Sasha Dickinson, Luciana Lazar-Stefanita, David M. Truong, Charles L. Asbury, Trisha N. Davis, Jef D. Boeke
Summary: Forcing budding yeast to use human histones to chromatinize their DNA comes with a sudden fitness cost. Previous research suggested chromosomal aneuploidy and missense mutations as two potential adaptation modes to histone humanization. However, we found that aneuploidy in histone-humanized yeasts is specific to certain chromosomes with defined centromeric evolutionary origins, but these aneuploidies are not adaptive. Instead, a set of missense mutations in outer kinetochore proteins are driving the adaptation to human histones.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arnaud Vanden Broeck, Sebastian Klinge
Summary: This study elucidates the early stages of human pre-60S assembly through a combination of human genome editing and biochemistry. The study identifies the main nucleolar assembly states and nuclear maturation states, and reveals a protein network involved in the interaction of assembly factors. The study also uncovers chemical modifications of the human 28S rRNA and identifies critical elements in generating mature large ribosomal subunits in human cells.
Review
Cell Biology
Fioranna Renda, Alexey Khodjakov
Summary: The kinetochore plays a crucial role in facilitating chromosome segregation during cell division by attaching chromosomes to spindle microtubules. It also acts as a signaling hub to regulate cell cycle progression and ensures the accuracy of chromosome segregation. Despite being large and robust molecular assemblies, kinetochores undergo dynamic structural and organizational changes throughout the cell cycle.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob A. Herman, Romario R. Romain, Pia Hoellerbauer, Hazheen K. Shirnekhi, David C. King, Keith F. DeLuca, Erin Osborne Nishimura, Patrick J. Paddison, Jennifer G. DeLuca
Summary: Aneuploidy is common in tumors and plays a crucial role in their initiation and evolution. This study reveals that constitutive signaling by RAS or MAPK is necessary for cancer-specific vulnerability to BubR1, a factor involved in preventing aneuploidy. The findings enhance our understanding of how chromosome segregation adapts to different cellular states and identify an oncogenic trigger for a cancer-specific defect.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ya-Chu Chang, Yu-Xiang Peng, Bo-Hua Yu, Henry C. Chang, Pei-Shin Liang, Ting-Yi Huang, Chao-Jie Shih, Li-An Chu, Tzu-Kang Sang
Summary: Disruption of VCP causes progressive nuclear size increase, connecting DNA damage to enlarged nuclei; Accumulation of MDC1 stabilizes p53A, potentially contributing to nuclear size increase; Cells regulate nuclear size by maintaining a constant cytoplasm to nucleus volume ratio, with the role of DNA damage in this process remaining poorly explored.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erika Chacin, Priyanka Bansal, Karl-Uwe Reusswig, Luis M. Diaz-Santin, Pedro Ortega, Petra Vizjak, Belen Gomez-Gonzalez, Felix Mueller-Planitz, Andres Aguilera, Boris Pfander, Alan C. M. Cheung, Christoph F. Kurat
Summary: Yta7 is a chromatin remodeling enzyme that promotes chromosome replication during S phase, forming hexameric complexes capable of segregating histones from DNA. Its enzymatic activity is regulated by S phase-forms of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (S-CDK), which stimulates ATP hydrolysis by Yta7 to promote nucleosome disassembly and chromatin replication. These findings present a mechanism for how cells coordinate chromatin dynamics with the cell cycle machinery to ensure genome duplication during S phase.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Xingchen Liu, Christl Gaubitz, Joshua Pajak, Brian A. Kelch
Summary: A second DNA binding site in yeast replication factor C (RFC) has been discovered, which aids in binding to nicked or gapped DNA. This site is located on the external surface of RFC and is only accessible in the open conformation. Initial DNA binding at this site allows access to the primary DNA binding site in the central chamber and can partially unwind DNA to create an extended single-stranded gap.
Article
Cell Biology
Martina Galli, Laura Diani, Roberto Quadri, Alessandro Nespoli, Elena Galati, Davide Panigada, Paolo Plevani, Marco Muzi-Falconi
Summary: Symmetry breaking by cellular polarization is crucial for the cell-cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, allowing bud emergence and growth. The morphogenesis checkpoint coordinates bud formation and cell cycle progression, with the novel role of the kinase haspin in regulating this process. Haspin monitors polarity establishment and links bud emergence to the G2/M cell cycle transition in yeast.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hiba K. Omairi, Cameron J. Grisdale, Mathieu Meode, Alexandra K. Bohm, Sophie Black, Nancy J. Adam, Cassidy P. Chapman, Tatiana Maroilley, John J. Kelly, Maja Tarailo-Graovac, Steven J. M. Jones, Michael D. Blough, John Gregory Cairncross
Summary: This study reveals that PDGFA fails to induce the expression of kinetochore and spindle assembly checkpoint genes, leading to defective mitosis in neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Surviving cells with unstable genomes accumulate chromosomal rearrangements and give rise to tumorigenic NPCs with recurrent gains and losses of chromosomal regions. This work provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying the development of glioblastoma.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sunbin Deng, Jiaxi Cai, Stephen C. Harrison, Huilin Zhou, Stephen M. Hinshaw
Summary: Successful mitosis relies on the correct attachment of chromosomes to microtubules. The kinetochore plays a crucial role in this process by recognizing specific chromatin and ensuring the formation of only one kinetochore per chromatid at the correct location. The crystal structure of the Cse4 peptide bound to the inner kinetochore Okp1-Ame1 complex provides insights into centromere recognition and the organization of the inner kinetochore.
Article
Cell Biology
Dragomir B. Krastev, Shudong Li, Yilun Sun, Andrew Wicks, Gwendoline Hoslett, Daniel Weekes, Luned M. Badder, Eleanor G. Knight, Rebecca Marlow, Mercedes Pardo Calvo, Lu Yu, Tanaji T. Talele, Jiri Bartek, Jyoti Choudhary, Yves Pommier, Stephen J. Pettitt, Andrew Tutt, Kristijan Ramadan, Christopher J. Lord
Summary: The study reveals the regulatory mechanism of trapped PARP1, which is undergoes SUMOylation and ubiquitylation, leading to the recruitment of p97 ATPase for the removal of trapped PARP1 from chromatin and prevention of PARP inhibitor-induced cytotoxicity. Inhibitors targeting p97-complex prolong the trapping of PARP1, enhancing the cytotoxicity of PARP inhibitors in certain types of tumor cells.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xueqin Lv, Ke Jin, Yu Yi, Lingang Song, Xiang Xiu, Yanfeng Liu, Jianghua Li, Guocheng Du, Jian Chen, Long Liu
Summary: By visual observation and order analysis of membrane microdomains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it was found that membrane microdomains play a crucial role in acid tolerance. This study proposed a new acid tolerance mechanism, providing a new direction for the rational engineering of acid-tolerant strains.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pawel P. Szczesniak, Jan B. Heidelberger, Hubert Serve, Petra Beli, Sebastian A. Wagner
Summary: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy characterized by the accumulation of undifferentiated white blood cells in the bone marrow. Inhibition of the molecular chaperone VCP with the inhibitor CB-5083 leads to accumulation of ubiquitylated proteins and triggers apoptosis through the unfolded protein response. This suggests that targeting VCP may be a therapeutic strategy for AML, especially when combined with other drugs. However, further investigation is needed to address the toxicity and development of resistance associated with VCP inhibitors in animal models and clinical trials.
Article
Oncology
Radhika Koranne, Kayla Brown, Hannah Vandenbroek, William R. R. Taylor
Summary: C9ORF78 is a poorly characterized protein found in diverse eukaryotes. It has been suggested to be involved in growth regulatory pathways in malignant tissues. This study discovers a potential function of regulating the spliceosome, new subcellular localization in nuclei and association with kinetochores/centromeres in mitotic cells.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
You-Liang Cheng, Rey-Huei Chen
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Cell Biology
Po-Lin Yang, Tzu-Han Hsu, Chao-Wen Wang, Rey-Huei Chen
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2016)
Article
Cell Biology
Tzu-Han Hsu, Rey-Huei Chen, Yun-Hsin Cheng, Chao-Wen Wang
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
Louise Madsen, Karen Molbaek, Ida B. Larsen, Sofie V. Nielsen, Esben G. Poulsen, Peter S. Walmod, Kay Hofmann, Michael Seeger, Chen-Ying Chien, Rey-Huei Chen, Franziska Kriegenburg, Rasmus Hartmann-Petersen
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rey-Huei Chen
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
(2008)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen-Ying Chien, Rey-Huei Chen
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2013)
Article
Cell Biology
Li-Chuan Tseng, Rey-Huei Chen
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2011)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meng-Ti Hsieh, Rey-Huei Chen
Article
Cell Biology
Rey-Huei Chen
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2019)
Article
Biology
Leng-Jie Huang, Rey-Huei Chen
Summary: This study investigates the effects of lipid saturation on lipid homeostasis, membrane-associated proteins, and membrane organelles in budding yeast. The researchers generate temperature-sensitive mutants of the OLE1 gene, the sole fatty acid desaturase gene in the yeast. They find that lipid saturation triggers the degradation of a specific enzyme involved in sterol biosynthesis via a specific pathway. These findings highlight the close link between lipid homeostasis and proteostasis in maintaining cell adaptation to lipid saturation.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rey-Huei Chen
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2007)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yong Zhao, Rey-Huei Chen
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
RH Chen
Article
Cell Biology
J Pan, RH Chen
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2004)