Article
Cell Biology
Carine Moezinia, Valerie Wong, James Watson, Lydia Nagib, Sandra Lopez Garces, Siyu Zhang, Bahja Ahmed Abdi, Florence Newton, David Abraham, Richard Stratton
Summary: This study investigates the role of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies in activating keratinocytes and inducing IL-1α release in patients with systemic sclerosis. The enhanced binding of IgG to keratinocytes suggests a potential initiating pathway in the fibrotic cascade of systemic sclerosis.
Article
Parasitology
Yekbun Adiguzel
Summary: This study aimed to identify a shared pathogenicity between SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium species in individuals with specific HLA serotypes. By analyzing peptide sequences with strong binding affinities to HLA-A*24:02, the study suggests a potential risk of autoimmune response in individuals with this serotype upon infection with SARS-CoV-2 or P. falciparum.
Article
Cell Biology
Francisco Pina, Bing Yan, Junjie Hu, Maho Niwa
Summary: The study reveals that reticulon 1 (Rtn1) and Yop1, known as ER-curvature-generating proteins, bind to sphingolipid phytosphingosine (PHS) to block the inheritance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This mechanism is conserved in human cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dmitriy V. Sotnikov, Nadezhda A. Byzova, Anatoly V. Zherdev, Boris B. Dzantiev
Summary: This study investigated the properties of immobilized antibodies on different carriers using fluorescein as an antigen. It was found that the antigen binding of immobilized antibodies is limited, depending on the size of the nanoparticles and the electrostatic repulsion near their surface.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Najla Arshad, Maudry Laurent-Rolle, Wesam S. Ahmed, Jack Chun-Chieh Hsu, Susan M. Mitchell, Joanna Pawlak, Debrup Sengupta, Kabir H. Biswas, Peter Cresswell
Summary: Two accessory proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2, ORF3a and ORF7a, down-regulate MHC-I expression through distinct mechanisms, reducing surface MHC-I levels and enabling immune evasion by the virus.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maarten K. Nijen Twilhaar, Lucas Czentner, Cornelus F. van Nostrum, Gert Storm, Joke M. M. den Haan
Summary: Liposomes have potential as vehicles for cancer vaccines, but their full efficacy has not yet been realized in clinical applications. Recent preclinical studies have summarized the basic components, targeting strategies, and antigen-presenting cells that may enhance the effectiveness of liposomal cancer vaccines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Svetlana A. Kholodar, Geoffrey Lang, Wilian A. Cortopassi, Yoshie Iizuka, Harman S. Brah, Matthew P. Jacobson, Pamela M. England
Summary: Nurr1 is a critical transcription factor for the development and maintenance of dopamine-producing neurons. The unreactive analog 5-chloroindole binds to Nurr1 with micromolar affinity and stimulates its activity, including the regulation of genes governing dopamine synthesis and packaging.
ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ed J. Gane, Christian Schwabe, Elina Berliba, Pisit Tangkijvanich, Alina Jucov, Nelea Ghicavii, Thierry Verbinnen, Oliver Lenz, Willem Talloen, Thomas N. Kakuda, Chris Westland, Megha Patel, Jeysen Z. Yogaratnam, Leonard Dragone, Pieter Van Remoortere
Summary: JNJ-64530440 showed good tolerability and potent antiviral activity in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), indicating its potential as a treatment option.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yoko K. Takada, Masaaki Fujita, Yoshikazu Takada
Summary: The study showed that inflammatory chemokines can allosterically activate platelet integrin αIIbβ3, triggering platelet aggregation, which may serve as a missing link between inflammation and thrombosis.
Review
Cell Biology
Mohamed M. Aboudounya, Richard J. Heads
Summary: Mortality in COVID-19 is caused by respiratory failure, heart failure, and sepsis/multiorgan failure. TLR4, an innate immune receptor, recognizes viral proteins and triggers immune responses. SARS-CoV-2 binds to TLR4, potentially leading to inflammation and multi-organ injury.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Theresa E. Pankhurst, Kaitlin H. Buick, Joshua L. Lange, Andrew J. Marshall, Kaileen R. Button, Olga R. Palmer, Kathryn J. Farrand, Isabelle Montgomerie, Thomas W. Bird, Ngarangi C. Mason, Joanna Kuang, Benjamin J. Compton, Davide Comoletti, Mariolina Salio, Vincenzo Cerundolo, Miguel E. Quinones-Mateu, Gavin F. Painter, Ian F. Hermans, Lisa M. Connor
Summary: Protective immune responses against respiratory pathogens largely depend on mucosal immunity, but most licensed vaccines fail to induce sufficient mucosal immunity. A suitable mucosal adjuvant has been lacking for the development of safe and effective mucosal vaccines. This study explores the use of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells as adjuvants, showing that intranasal immunization with MAIT cell agonists and viral proteins can induce protective humoral immunity and IgA production.
Article
Immunology
Hongyan Ren, Tianyu Zhang, Yongren Wang, Qi Yao, Ziyu Wang, Luyao Zhang, Lixin Wang
Summary: Research has shown that DRibbles can efficiently induce proliferation and activation of human B cells, leading to the production of chemokines, cytokines and hematopoietic growth factors. Human B cells can effectively phagocytose DRibbles and cross-present antigens to activate memory T cells. These findings suggest the potential for clinical application of B-DRibbles vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Diao Zhou, Xingzhou Chen, Xinggang Chen, Yandong Xia, Junang Liu, Guoying Zhou
Summary: Phytopathogens are a major threat to crop productivity, and hemibiotrophic pathogens, known for their invasive nature, pose a particular challenge. Our understanding of plant immune defenses against these pathogens is limited due to their complex infection mechanisms. This review summarizes the strategies used by different hemibiotrophic pathogens to interact with host immune receptors and activate plant immunity. The role of the plasma membrane in plant immune responses is discussed, along with current obstacles and potential research directions in this field.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Rami Doukeh, Daniela Craciun, Alexandru Lupan, Adrian M. V. Branzanic, Radu Silaghi-Dumitrescu
Summary: The activation of molecular dinitrogen to ammonia in nitrogenases is facilitated by an iron-sulfur active site. This unique reactivity is attributed to the unusually reduced Mo(III) center and the presence of a central carbide anion in the active site. A density functional theory study was conducted to investigate the ability of mononuclear Fe complexes to bind and activate N2, revealing that lower oxidation states and carbanion ligands are more effective in facilitating N2 binding and weakening of the N-N bond.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Virginia Laspidea, Montserrat Puigdelloses, Sara Labiano, Lucia Marrodan, Marc Garcia-Moure, Marta Zalacain, Marisol Gonzalez-Huarriz, Naiara Martinez-Velez, Iker Ausejo-Mauleon, Daniel de la Nava, Guillermo Herrador-Canete, Javier Marco-Sanz, Elisabeth Guruceaga, Carlos E. de Andrea, Maria Villalba, Oren Becher, Massimo Squatrito, Veronica Matia, Jaime Gallego Perez-Larraya, Ana Patino-Garcia, Sumit Gupta, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano, Juan Fueyo, Marta M. Alonso
Summary: The study found that Delta-24-ACT treatment with oncolytic adenovirus can significantly improve the survival rate of mice with DIPG, leading to long-term survival and the development of immunological memory. In addition, this treatment method is safe and has no toxic side effects, and can modulate tumor-immune content.