Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew A. Liu, Shandy Shahabi, Suborno Jati, Kechun Tang, Hong Gao, Zhongmou Jin, Wyatt Miller, Frederic A. Meunier, Wei Ying, Geert van den Bogaart, Gourisankar Ghosh, Sushil K. Mahata
Summary: This study aims to identify factors counter-regulating insulin resistance and hypertension associated with aging. The researchers found that healthy aging relies on protection from bacterial DNA and low inflammation, which is afforded by the critical checkpoint gene Vsig4.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher M. Schaupp, Dianne Botta, Collin C. White, David K. Scoville, Sengkeo Srinouanprachanh, Theo K. Bammler, James MacDonald, Terrance J. Kavanagh
Summary: Antioxidant signaling is a crucial cellular defense pathway, and its importance in aging has been well-documented. This study investigated the effect of aging on the favorable phenotypes observed in young Gclm null mice, including increased antioxidant activity and improved glucose homeostasis. The results showed that these phenotypes persisted into old age and were associated with transcriptional activation of the Nrf2, AMPK, and PPAR gamma pathways.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jinxin Liu, Chunmei Song, Chenzhipeng Nie, Yujie Sun, Yu Wang, Lamei Xue, Mingcong Fan, Haifeng Qian, Li Wang, Yan Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that geniposide treatment significantly reduces blood glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity in the liver and gastrocnemius of HFD-fed mice, mainly through disrupting circulating RBP4 levels.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richa Garg, Arun Agarwal, Roshan Katekar, Shailesh Dadge, Shubhi Yadav, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: Chromogranin A (ChgA) is an acidic pro-protein that plays a diverse role in regulating cardiovascular functions, metabolism, and inflammation. Proteolytic processing of ChgA gives rise to biologically active peptides such as PST and CST, which have significant impacts on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The tissue-specific effects of these peptides in rodent models reveal their importance in metabolic syndrome and related diseases.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Richa Garg, Roshan Katekar, Shahid Parwez, Arun Agarwal, Sudhanshu Sahu, Shailesh Dadge, Saurabh Verma, Umesh K. Goand, Mohammad Imran Siddiqi, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: The PST inhibitor PSTi8 has been found to improve diabetes by enhancing skeletal muscle glucose disposal and reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis, as well as lowering plasma PST levels. These findings provide a new approach for the treatment of diabetes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Algerta Marku, Lorenzo Da Dalt, Alessandra Galli, Nevia Dule, Paola Corsetto, Angela Maria Rizzo, Annalisa Moregola, Patrizia Uboldi, Fabrizia Bonacina, Paola Marciani, Michela Castagna, Alberico Luigi Catapano, Giuseppe Danilo Norata, Carla Perego
Summary: This study reveals that pancreatic PCSK9 is a critical regulator of beta-cell function, affecting insulin secretion and cellular function through modulation of cholesterol homeostasis.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sharon O. Jensen-Cody, Matthew J. Potthoff
Summary: The liver plays a crucial role in regulating systemic energy homeostasis through glucose and lipid metabolism. Dysregulation of liver-centered inter-organ pathways may lead to metabolic dysfunction. Understanding hepatokine signaling is key for developing therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. C. Welboren, B. Hatew, O. Lopez-Campos, J. P. Cant, L. N. Leal, J. Martin-Tereso, M. A. Steele
Summary: This study found that partially replacing lactose with fat in milk replacers can improve body weight gain and metabolic energy intake in dairy calves. Calves fed milk replacers with fat showed better insulin sensitivity than those fed high-lactose milk replacers.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amanda A. Greenwell, Christina T. Saed, Seyed Amirhossein Tabatabaei Dakhili, Kim L. Ho, Keshav Gopal, Jordan S. F. Chan, Oksana O. Kaczmar, Scott A. Dyer, Farah Eaton, Gary D. Lopaschuk, Rami Al Batran, John R. Ussher
Summary: Ketogenic diets did not effectively promote fat loss or improve glucose homeostasis in obese mice, while a low-fat and high-complex carbohydrate diet resulted in beneficial changes in body composition and improved glucose tolerance. Therefore, caution should be taken when considering ketogenic diets as a non-pharmacological strategy for obesity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Li Wang, Jiajia Li, Li-Jun Di
Summary: GSK3 is a highly evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates glycogen synthase in response to insulin stimulation. Its two isoforms, GSK3 alpha and GSK3 beta, are involved in various biological processes and are widely distributed in multiple cell types and tissues. Through animal model studies and the use of GSK3-specific inhibitors, its roles in regulating energy metabolism and homeostasis can be better understood.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keisuke Fukumura, Yuki Narimatsu, Shogo Moriwaki, Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena, Megumi Furumitsu, Kazuyoshi Ukena
Summary: NPGL overexpression promotes body weight gain and food intake in normal chow fed mice, but has little effect on high-fat diet fed mice. Overexpression of NPGL decreases blood glucose levels in high-fat diet fed mice 60 minutes after glucose administration, increases adipose tissue mass in normal chow fed mice, and reduces blood glucose and insulin levels in high-fat diet fed mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Park, Kwang-eun Kim, Isaac Park, Sang Heon Lee, Kun-Young Park, Minkyo Jung, Xiaoxu Li, Maroun Bou Sleiman, Su Jeong Lee, Dae-Soo Kim, Jaehoon Kim, Dae-Sik Lim, Eui-Jeon Woo, Eun Woo Lee, Baek Soo Han, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Sang Chul Lee, Johan Auwerx, Ji Young Mun, Hyun-Woo Rhee, Won Kon Kim, Kwang-Hee Bae, Jae Myoung Suh
Summary: LETMD1 is a mitochondrial matrix protein that is crucial for maintaining respiratory function and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) upon cold stimulus. Knockout of LETMD1 leads to deficiency in OXPHOS complex proteins and impaired mitochondrial respiration in BAT. BAT-specific Letmd1 deficient mice exhibit the same phenotypes as Letmd1 knockout mice.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria J. Gonzalez-Rellan, Marcos F. Fondevila, Carlos Dieguez, Ruben Nogueiras
Summary: O-GlcNAcylation, governed by the activity of OGT and OGA enzymes, plays a crucial role in regulating systemic glucose homeostasis. Dysregulation of blood glucose levels can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melina Ioannidis, Sushil K. Mahata, Geert van den Bogaart
Summary: This review discusses the immunomodulatory properties of the CgA-derived peptide PST and its potential mechanisms of action and regulation. It also explores the potential translation to humans and suggests that PST may be an interesting therapeutic target for treating inflammatory diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Linlin Yang, Linquan Yang, Xing Wang, Hanying Xing, Hang Zhao, Yuling Xing, Fei Zhou, Chao Wang, Guangyao Song, Huijuan Ma
Summary: This study reveals the cross-tissue mechanism of insulin resistance using a network-based approach. The liver was identified as the key organ in regulating glucose homeostasis, and the CD36-PPAR axis was found to play a potential role in connecting cross-tissue signals with intracellular metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roshan Katekar, Sumati Sen, Mohammed Riyazuddin, Athar Husain, Richa Garg, Saurabh Verma, Kalyan Mitra, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: Intestinal lymphatic transport facilitating lipid-based delivery can enhance the bioavailability of Abiraterone acetate, improving therapeutic efficacy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate the potential of this delivery system for increased translational utility and safety.
JOURNAL OF LIPOSOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Sonia M. Najjar, Sonia Caprio, Amalia Gastaldelli
Summary: Insulin action is impaired in type 2 diabetes due to genetic or acquired abnormalities of insulin secretion or action. Reduction of insulin clearance, particularly through the membrane glycoprotein CEACAM1, has been suggested to contribute to the disease process. This review explores the evidence linking reduced insulin clearance to insulin resistance, obesity, hepatic steatosis, and type 2 diabetes.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Umesh K. Goand, Saurabh Verma, Anand P. Gupta, Richa Garg, Shailesh Dadge, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: This study investigated the immunometabolic effect of PSTi8 in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) model in mice. The results showed that PSTi8 reduced body weight gain and fat mass while increasing lean mass. It also decreased adipocyte hypertrophy and lipid accumulation in the liver. Additionally, PSTi8 increased the number of anti-inflammatory cells, reduced the number of pro-inflammatory cells, and improved mitochondrial function. Overall, PSTi8 exerted beneficial effects on energy expenditure by reducing adipose tissue inflammation.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Richa Garg, Roshan Katekar, Shahid Parwez, Arun Agarwal, Sudhanshu Sahu, Shailesh Dadge, Saurabh Verma, Umesh K. Goand, Mohammad Imran Siddiqi, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: The PST inhibitor PSTi8 has been found to improve diabetes by enhancing skeletal muscle glucose disposal and reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis, as well as lowering plasma PST levels. These findings provide a new approach for the treatment of diabetes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hilda E. Ghadieh, Amalia Gastaldelli, Sonia M. Najjar
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saurabh Verma, Umesh K. K. Goand, Shivam Rathaur, Richa Garg, Roshan Katekar, Jiaur R. R. Gayen
Summary: The study assessed the combined effect of RK with RSV and found that they can protect rats from CCl4-induced oxidative stress and NASH. Combined administration of RK and RSV showed better hepatoprotection and anti-inflammatory effects compared to individual administration. This study reveals a new adjuvant therapy for the treatment of steatohepatitis.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shailesh D. Dadge, Anees A. Syed, Athar Husain, Guru R. Valicherla, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: A sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to quantify quercetin and β-sitosterol biomarkers in rat serum. The method was used for pharmacokinetic and stability studies, providing valuable information for future clinical trials.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Divya Chauhan, Pavan K. Yadav, Nazneen Sultana, Arun Agarwal, Shailesh Dadge, Naveen Singh, Debalina Maity, Manish K. Chourasia, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: A reliable and sensitive HPLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of raloxifene and cladrin. The method utilized a C18 column and analyzed the compounds at specific wavelengths. The developed method showed good linearity, with low detection and quantification limits for both compounds. It can be utilized for in vitro liver microsomal stability studies in animals and humans.
Article
Physiology
Magda Shaheen, Katrina M. Schrode, Marielle Tedlos, Deyu Pan, Sonia M. Najjar, Theodore C. Friedman
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and association between race, gender, and NAFLD in prediabetes and diabetes populations among adults in the United States. The results showed that prediabetes and diabetes populations had a higher prevalence and odds of NAFLD compared to the normoglycemic population, and elevated HbA1c levels were associated with greater NAFLD severity. Therefore, healthcare providers should screen prediabetes and diabetes populations for early detection of NAFLD and initiate appropriate treatments.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richa Garg, Arun Agarwal, Roshan Katekar, Umesh Kumar Goand, Naveen Singh, Shubhi Yadav, Shivam Rathaur, Saurabh Verma, Debalina Maity, Sachin Vishwakarma, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: The study found that PSTi8 can counteract insulin resistance caused by fatty acids and reduce inflammation in adipose tissue. PSTi8 treatment also improves glucose metabolism and reduces oxidative stress in skeletal muscle.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pragati Singh, Mohammad Irshad Reza, Anees A. Syed, Athar Husain, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: Postmenopausal rats without ovaries fed with high fructose diet showed glucose intolerance, lipid accumulation, hepatic fibrosis, and gut microbiota alterations, which can be alleviated by inhibiting pancreatic peptide.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Umesh K. Goand, Inklisan Patel, Saurabh Verma, Shubhi Yadav, Debalina Maity, Naveen Singh, Sachin Vishwakarma, Shivam Rathaur, Richa Garg, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: The study found that PSTi8 had beneficial effects on the liver by inhibiting lipogenic gene expression, improving liver morphology, reducing harmful cholesterol and liver enzyme levels in the serum, attenuating lipid deposition, regulating immune cell populations in the liver, and decreasing pro-inflammatory gene expression, oxidative stress markers, and fibrosis markers.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shailesh D. Dadge, Neerja Tiwari, Athar Husain, Saurabh Verma, Arun Agarwal, Richa Garg, Srikanta K. Rath, Karuna Shanker, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: This study aimed to develop and validate a sensitive and selective LC-ESI-MS/MS method for the biomarkers of WS NMITLI-118R AF1 and investigate their pharmacokinetics in rats. The biomarkers were found to be stable in both in-vivo and in-vitro conditions.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Saurabh Verma, Umesh K. Goand, Richa Garg, Athar Husain, Roshan A. Katekar, Mohammed Riyazuddin, Shailesh Dadge, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: A LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to investigate the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of raspberry ketone in rats.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bijinu Balakrishnan, Abhishek Gupta, Rabia Basri, Vishva M. Sharma, Mark Slayton, Kailey Gentner, Chloe C. Becker, Shakun Karki, Harrison Muturi, Sonia M. Najjar, Analia S. Loria, Noyan Gokce, Vishwajeet Puri
Summary: CIDEC, a protein associated with lipid droplets in adipocytes, is abundantly expressed in human endothelial cells and regulates vascular function. In a mouse model expressing endothelial-specific human CIDEC, protection against high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia was observed. This protection was attributed to the modulation of VEGF signaling pathway by CIDEC. These findings suggest CIDEC as a potential therapeutic target for obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases.