Review
Immunology
Mansur Aliyu, Fatema Tuz Zohora, Abubakar Umar Anka, Kashif Ali, Shayan Maleknia, Mohammad Saffarioun, Gholamreza Azizi
Summary: IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity, playing a crucial role in immune response. Aberrant production of IL-6 is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Drugs targeting IL-6 have been used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Understanding different mechanisms that modulate IL-6 expression can provide potential solutions for future treatments.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yihe Chen, Shudan Wang, Hamid Alemi, Thomas Dohlman, Reza Dana
Summary: The ocular surface has immune privilege, which is actively maintained through immunoregulatory mechanisms to prevent inflammation. In this review, we focus on the molecular and cellular players that promote immune quiescence and suppress inflammation in steady-state conditions and disease-states. Understanding the immunoregulatory mechanisms will facilitate the development of targeted immunomodulatory strategies for ocular surface inflammatory disorders.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Margherita Sisto, Sabrina Lisi
Summary: Fibrosis, which can develop spontaneously or as a result of underlying diseases, is characterized by immune cells infiltration and the production of pro-inflammatory molecules. Defects in the abilities of non-immune cells to regulate immune responses may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. However, the precise cellular mechanisms involved in this process have not been fully elucidated.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Oindrila Rahaman, Dipyaman Ganguly
Summary: Endocannabinoids play a key role in modulating the immune system, with both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects. Understanding the interaction between endocannabinoids and immune cells may lead to potential therapeutic implications for autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders.
Review
Immunology
Tommaso Sconocchia, Giuseppe Sconocchia
Summary: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are potent signaling molecules that play a crucial role in regulating the differentiation, activation, and function of the main cell types of the immune system.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Lisa Reinmuth, Cheng-Chih Hsiao, Jorg Hamann, Mette Rosenkilde, John Mackrill
Summary: Oxysterols, as naturally occurring lipids, can regulate the physiology of immune system cells rapidly, potentially modulating cellular activities and immune responses for therapeutic purposes.
Article
Oncology
Yousef R. Badran, Fangwen Zou, Sienna M. Durbin, Barbara E. Dutra, Hamzah Abu-Sbeih, Anusha S. Thomas, Mehmet Altan, John A. Thompson, Wei Qiao, Donna E. Leet, Po-Ying Lai, Nora K. Horick, Michael A. Postow, David M. Faleck, Yinghong Wang, Michael Dougan
Summary: This study examined the effects of resuming immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy with or without concurrent selective immunosuppressive therapy (SIT) in patients with immune-related enterocolitis (irEC). The results showed that after resolution of irEC symptoms, reinitiation of ICI with concurrent SIT was safe, reduced the risk of severe irEC recurrence, and did not negatively impact survival outcomes.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Bhagwati Joshi, Jagdish Chandra Joshi, Dolly Mehta
Summary: This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of cGAS activity, including structure, sub-cellular localization, post-translational modifications, and Ca2+ signaling. The role of cGAS activation in different diseases and clinical outcomes is also discussed.
Review
Immunology
Lauren M. F. Merlo, Weidan Peng, Laura Mandik-Nayak
Summary: Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)1 and IDO2 are closely related enzymes that modulate T cell and B cell function. IDO1 inhibits inflammatory B cell responses while IDO2 drives them. Targeting IDO1 and/or IDO2 shows promise as a therapeutic approach for inflammatory autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Qi Ke, Ashley Nicole Greenawalt, Veera Manukonda, Xingqi Ji, Roland Michael Tisch
Summary: Inflammasome molecules are receptors that trigger proinflammatory responses against microbial infections. Dysregulation of inflammasome activity has been associated with chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Inflammasome activation affects both innate and adaptive immune effectors as well as resident cells in target tissues, contributing to autoimmune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Kat M. Lazar, Shamitha Shetty, Ashutosh Chilkoti, Joel H. Collier
Summary: In recent years, there have been significant advances in the development of biomaterial therapeutics for the treatment and prevention of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, thanks to a better understanding of their underlying mechanisms. Polymeric materials that are drug-free or immune-active have attracted attention due to their versatility, tunability, and potential as alternatives to conventional treatments. This review examines the relationships between polymer properties and immune processes and discusses their application in designing anti-inflammatory materials.
CURRENT OPINION IN COLLOID & INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kevin Bode, Mathias Hauri-Hohl, Vincent Jaquet, Heiko Weyd
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have diverse functions within cells and organisms, but their potential to damage biological structures has long been recognized. While phagocytes use ROS to defend against pathogens, regulated release of signaling ROS (sROS) modulates immune responses. This release is primarily attributed to the enzyme NOX2 expressed in myeloid cells. A comprehensive understanding of NOX2 activation and regulation is crucial for pharmaceutical interventions of ROS-related diseases. In this review, recent progress regarding immune regulation by NOX2-derived ROS and the consequences of its deregulation on immune disorders are summarized.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Ning Huang, Hao Dong, Bin Shao
Summary: Phase separation in immunology is an emerging field that helps us understand the biochemical interactions between proteins, DNA, and RNA, and provides potential treatment approaches for immune-related diseases.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abrahan Ramirez-Gonzalez, Joaquin Manzo-Merino, Carla Olbia Contreras-Ochoa, Margarita Bahena-Roman, Jose Manases Aguilar-Villasenor, Alfredo Lagunas-Martinez, Yvonne Rosenstein, Vicente Madrid Marina, Kirvis Torres-Poveda
Summary: AKNA modulates gene expression in immune cells, acts as a negative regulator of inflammation and plays a role in cancer, autoimmunity, and neurogenesis. The evidence supports AKNA's involvement in various cellular processes.
Article
Immunology
Cristian R. Falcon, Nicolas Fernandez Hurst, Ana Laura Vivinetto, Pablo Hector Horacio Lopez, Adolfo Zurita, Gerardo Gatti, Laura Cervi, Clara G. Monferran, German A. Roth
Summary: DZ has immunomodulatory effects by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and shifting immune responses towards an anti-inflammatory profile. It can be used preventively to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and therapeutically to ameliorate clinical signs and prevent axonal damage.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shane Kelly, Katherine J. L. Jackson, Timothy J. Peters, Dan Suan, Christopher C. Goodnow
Summary: This study successfully identified and characterized PR3-specific B cells from the peripheral blood of patients with PR3 autoantibodies. These cells exhibited specific immunological features, suggesting that PR3 self-reactivity may occur early in B-cell development.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Ana Merino-Vico, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Paul Tuijnenburg, Giulia Frazzei, Aram Al-Soudi, Carlo G. Bonasia, Boy Helder, Abraham Rutgers, Wayel H. Abdulahad, Coen A. Stegeman, Jan-Stephan Sanders, Laura Bergamaschi, Paul A. Lyons, Theo Bijma, Laura van Keep, Kirsten Wesenhagen, Aldo Jongejan, Henric Olsson, Niek de Vries, Taco W. Kuijpers, Peter Heeringa, Sander W. Tas
Summary: B lineage cells play a critical role in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), and the transcription factor NF-kappa B may be a potential therapeutic target for AAV and other autoimmune diseases with prominent B cell involvement.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Christopher Nelke, Thomas Muentefering, Derya Cengiz, Lukas Theissen, Vera Dobelmann, Christina B. Schroeter, Helena Block, Corinna Preu, Alexander P. E. Michels, Stefanie Lichtenberg, Marc Pawlitzki, Steffen Pfeuffer, Niklas Huntemann, Alexander Zarbock, Thorben Briese, Christoph Kittl, Carsten Dittmayer, Thomas Budde, Ingrid E. Lundberg, Werner Stenzel, Sven G. Meuth, Tobias Ruck
Summary: K2P2.1 plays a regulatory role in the autoimmune response of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), by regulating inflammatory cell response, adhesion, and transmigration in both endothelial and skeletal muscle cells. Inhibiting K2P2.1 enhances the inflammatory response, while activating K2P2.1 improves the disease course.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Xuan Zhang, Jun Xia, Ying Jiang, David S. Pisetsky, Josef S. Smolen, Rong Mu, Shengming Dai, Michael E. Weinblatt, Tore K. Kvien, Juan Li, Thomas Doerner, Yu Zhang, Liwei Lu, Chengde Yang, Pingting Yang, Yuan Zhang, Chenchen Xu, Zhan Zhao, Peter E. Lipsky
Summary: The study suggests that TwHF may be as effective as MTX in treating active RA, and combination therapy may be more effective than monotherapy.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Maya F. Amjadi, Maxwell H. Parker, Ryan R. Adyniec, Zihao Zheng, Alex M. Robbins, S. Janna Bashar, Michael F. Denny, Sara S. Mccoy, Irene M. Ong, Miriam A. Shelef
Summary: Rheumatoid factors (RFs) are polyreactive antibodies that can bind disease-specific epitopes. Recent studies have found that RFs in COVID-19 can bind novel IgG epitopes, which provides new insights into the mechanism of RFs.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Johanne Liberatore, Yann Nguyen, Jerome Hadjadj, Pascal Cohen, Luc Mouthon, Xavier Puechal, Loic Guillevin, Benjamin Terrier
Summary: B-cell depletion induced by rituximab (RTX) in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) can lead to decreased gammaglobulin levels, which is associated with an increased risk of relapse and severe infections. Older age, low gammaglobulin levels, and receiving pulses of methylprednisolone at induction therapy are risk factors for gammaglobulin decline.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2024)