Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leon Chang, Lois Gardner, Carol House, Catherine Daly, Adrian Allsopp, Daniel Roiz de Sa, Marie-Anne Shaw, Philip M. Hopkins
Summary: This study investigated gene expression in male subjects with a history of exertional heat illness or susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia and found a common underlying pathophysiology between these two conditions. The study also showed that heat tolerance tests can elevate expression of inflammatory response genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Aaron R. Caldwell, Kentaro Oki, Shauna M. Ward, Jermaine A. Ward, Thomas A. Mayer, Mark L. Plamper, Michelle A. King, Lisa R. Leon
Summary: The study found that mice undergoing repeated exertional heat injuries within a week of an initial heat injury appear to have protective adaptations. During the second exertional heat injury, mice were able to run longer and sustain higher body temperatures before collapse. However, despite this increased resilience to heat, the mice undergoing a second exertional heat injury showed lower levels of corticosterone, FABP2, MIP-1b, MIP-2, and IP-10, indicating potential adaptive processes providing acute heat resilience to subsequent conditions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Liliana I. Renteria, Xiangyu Zheng, Isela Valera, Daniel R. Machin, Lisa R. Leon, Orlando Laitano
Summary: Female mice have a higher exercise capacity in the heat compared to male mice, and this cannot be explained by differences in body mass, size, or testosterone levels. The influence of ovariectomy on exercise capacity in the heat, thermoregulation, intestinal damage, and heat shock response was investigated in a mouse model of exertional heat stroke (EHS). Ovariectomy resulted in a shorter exercise capacity, greater intestinal damage, and lower heat shock response following EHS.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Julien D. Periard, David DeGroot, Ollie Jay
Summary: This article explores the epidemiology of exertional heat stroke (EHS) and the strategies and policies designed to reduce its occurrence in sport and military settings. EHS occurs along a continuum from muscle cramps to heat exhaustion to heat stroke and is associated with multiple factors such as environmental conditions, individual characteristics, health conditions, medication use, and behavioral responses. The prevalence of EHS in sport is unclear due to inconsistent terminology, while surveillance in the military is facilitated by standardized case definitions. To mitigate the risk, strategies such as heat acclimation, adequate hydration, cold-water immersion, and work-to-rest ratios can be implemented.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Masafumi Takahashi
Summary: NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in sterile inflammatory diseases, particularly in atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases. It is involved in disease progression by activating and assembling the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to inflammatory cell death and interleukin secretion.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Margaret C. Morrissey, Samantha E. Scarneo-Miller, Gabrielle E. W. Giersch, John F. Jardine, Douglas J. Casa
Summary: Aural thermometry is not suitable for accurately diagnosing EHS and should not be used as an alternative to rectal thermometry. Using aural thermometry to diagnose EHS can lead to catastrophic outcomes, such as long-term sequelae or fatality.
JOURNAL OF ATHLETIC TRAINING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Armin Mooranian, Corina Mihaela Ionescu, Daniel Walker, Melissa Jones, Susbin Raj Wagle, Bozica Kovacevic, Jacqueline Chester, Thomas Foster, Edan Johnston, Jafri Kuthubutheen, Daniel Brown, Marcus D. Atlas, Momir Mikov, Hani Al-Salami
Summary: Recent studies have shown the potential applications of bile acid-Eudragit NM30D(R) capsules in drug encapsulation and viable-cell encapsulation. These capsules can improve cell viability, insulin levels, inflammatory profile, and bioenergetics, and the stability of the capsules is associated with cellular biological activities. Changes in ratios of bile acids to Eudragit NM30D(R) can alter the microenvironment of the capsules and subsequent cellular activities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Adriana Scuderi, Laura Cucinotta, Alessia Filippone, Marika Lanza, Michela Campolo, Irene Paterniti, Emanuela Esposito
Summary: This study investigates the effect of melatonin on psoriatic phenotype and S. aureus infection-associated psoriasis using an in vitro model. The results demonstrate that melatonin reduces histological damage, restores tight-junction expression, and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Melatonin may have potential as a promising strategy for treating psoriasis-like skin inflammation and complications of psoriasis, such as S. aureus infection.
Review
Sport Sciences
Orlando Laitano, Kentaro Oki, Lisa R. Leon
Summary: Skeletal muscles play a crucial role in exertional heat stroke, not only in relation to muscle damage but also in heat production, synthesis and secretion of bioactive molecules, and modulation of inflammatory status. This involvement can impact recovery and the potential for heat acclimation to prevent or aid in recovery from exertional heat stroke.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Andreas D. Flouris, Sean R. Notley, Rebecca L. Stearns, Douglas J. Casa, Glen P. Kenny
Summary: The recommended treatment for exertional heat stroke is immediate, whole-body immersion in water of <10°C until the rectal temperature reaches ≤ 38.6°C. Real-time T-re assessment may not always be possible in field settings or emergency situations. This study defines and validates immersion durations for treating exertional heat stroke at water temperatures of 2-26°C.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abishai Dominic, Nhat-Tu Le, Masafumi Takahashi
Summary: The inflammasome is a vital multiprotein complex that mediates innate immune pathways. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially derived from mitochondria, play a critical role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and are involved in a feedback loop with the inflammasome. The precise mechanism of how ROS affects inflammasome activation needs further investigation.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Hua Zhu, Siping Hu, Yuntao Li, Yao Sun, Xiaoxing Xiong, Xinyao Hu, Junjing Chen, Sheng Qiu
Summary: Ischemic stroke caused by cerebral artery occlusion is a major cause of chronic disability globally. Interleukins (ILs) play a bidirectional role in ischemic stroke by regulating the activation, multiplication, and differentiation of immune cells, as well as the inflammatory reaction. Interactions between different ILs in different immune cells also impact the outcome of ischemic stroke. This overview discusses the role of various ILs in ischemic stroke.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Armin Mooranian, Jacqueline Chester, Edan Johnston, Corina Mihaela Ionescu, Daniel Walker, Melissa Jones, Susbin Raj Wagle, Bozica Kovacevic, Thomas Foster, Momir Mikov, Hani Al-Salami
Summary: Recent research has shown that the bile acid profile is altered during the development of diabetes, and this alteration is connected to the inflammatory profile associated with diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the antidiabetic drug metformin on the bile acid profile and diabetes-associated inflammation in a mouse model of pre-type 2 diabetes. The results showed that metformin had significant effects on both the bile acid and inflammatory profiles, suggesting a positive impact, particularly on the diabetes-associated inflammatory profile.
Review
Plant Sciences
Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi, Poovathumkal James Antony, Maria Julia Miranda de Paula Lana, Brenda Fernandes Xavier da Silva, Roberta Vieira Oliveira, Gnanasekaran Jothi, Govindasamy Hariharan, Thiruchenduran Mohana, Ren-You Gan, Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel, Rosana Cipolotti, Lucindo Jose Quintana Junior
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the potential of natural products in regulating cancer-related signaling pathways, showing their ability to weaken pro-and anti-inflammatory signaling markers. Flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, alkaloids, and tannins are believed to play important roles in cancer modulation.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhe Li, Tuan T. Nguyen, Alan Valaperti
Summary: Heart inflammation can lead to heart damage, and our study found that human cardiac cells respond differently to various TLRs and RLRs stimulations, with cardiac fibroblasts inducing pro-inflammatory and anti-viral cytokines.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
J. J. Peiffer, C. R. Abbiss, G. Watson, K. Nosaka, P. B. Laursen
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2010)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
J. R. Skleryk, L. G. Karagounis, J. A. Hawley, M. J. Sharman, P. B. Laursen, G. Watson
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2013)
Article
Physiology
Rodney Siegel, Joseph Mate, Greig Watson, Kazunori Nosaka, Paul B. Laursen
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2011)
Article
Sport Sciences
M. Ihsan, C. R. Abbiss, M. Lipski, M. Buchheit, G. Watson
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2013)
Article
Physiology
Jack M. Burns, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Chris R. Abbiss, Greig Watson, Angus Burnett, Paul B. Laursen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2012)
Correction
Sport Sciences
E. C. Lee, G. Watson, D. Casa
JOURNAL OF ATHLETIC TRAINING
(2013)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Chris R. Abbiss, Greig Watson, Kazunori Nosaka, Paul B. Laursen
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2010)
Article
Sport Sciences
Rodney Siegel, Joseph Mate, Greig Watson, Kazunori Nosaka, Paul B. Laursen
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2012)
Article
Sport Sciences
Rodney Siegel, Joseph Mate, Matt B. Brearley, Greig Watson, Kazunori Nosaka, Paul B. Laursen
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2010)
Article
Sport Sciences
Mohammed Ihsan, Greig Watson, Marcin Lipski, Chris R. Abbiss
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2013)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Katie-Jane Brickwood, Greig Watson, Jane O'Brien, Andrew D. Williams
JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH
(2019)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Katie-Jane Brickwood, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Greig Watson, Jane A. O'Brien, Andrew D. Williams
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether newer technologies such as wearable activity trackers (ATs) assist in providing ongoing support to maintain physical activity levels and health outcomes in older adults. The results showed that the use of AT with AEP support or TC was effective at maintaining daily step count in older adults over a 12-month period, suggesting that wearable ATs are as effective as TC. Further research to investigate which option is more cost-effective would be beneficial.
JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ross J. Brosnan, Denis Visentin, Greig Watson, Craig Twentyman, Will Stuart, Matthew Schmidt
Summary: International women's rugby sevens players showed significantly higher high-intensity match-play movement demands compared to domestic players, particularly in terms of speed and acceleration. Positional analysis revealed forwards had the largest differences between international and domestic players.
SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN FOOTBALL
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lucy Byrne, Kathryn Ogden, Simone Lee, Kiran Ahuja, Greig Watson, Adrian Bauman, James Fell
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2019)