Article
Clinical Neurology
Christian Schwahn, Stefan Frenzel, Birte Holtfreter, Sandra van der Auwera, Christiane Pink, Robin Buelow, Nele Friedrich, Henry Voelzke, Reiner Biffar, Thomas Kocher, Hans Joergen Grabe
Summary: Through a study of 177 periodontally treated patients and 409 untreated subjects, it was found that periodontal treatment has a positive effect on AD-related brain atrophy, while the effect on brain aging remains uncertain.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Manja Koch, Jeremy D. Furtado, Steven T. DeKosky, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, Oscar L. Lopez, Lewis H. Kuller, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Majken K. Jensen
Summary: The study found that replacing saturated fatty acids with linoleic acid is associated with a higher risk of dementia and poorer cognitive function, while replacing marine n-3 PUFA DHA with linoleic acid is associated with a lower risk of dementia. These associations were not influenced by factors such as genetics, cognitive impairment, age, or gender.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva, Marcio Fernando Tasinafo Junior, Leonardo da Silva Goncalves, Arthur Polveiro da Silva, Luis Felipe Pengo Almeida Leite, Laura Scatena Favero, Mateus do Carmo Bardella, Joao Gabriel Ribeiro de Lima, Carlos Roberto Bueno Junior, Camila de Moraes
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of multicomponent training on the cognitive function of older adults without cognitive impairment. The results showed that multicomponent training improves cognitive function in this population.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chiara Celine Bruck, Frank J. Wolters, M. Arfan Ikram, Inge M. C. M. de Kok
Summary: Accurate projections of future dementia burden are important for healthcare systems and policymakers. Using a dementia microsimulation model, we found that changes in age-specific dementia incidence have a significant impact on the future burden of dementia.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexandra J. Mayhew, David Hogan, Parminder Raina, Christina Wolfson, Andrew P. Costa, Aaron Jones, Susan Kirkland, Megan O'Connell, Vanessa Taler, Eric E. Smith, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Jinhui Ma, Mary Thompson, Changbao Wu, Howard Chertkow, Lauren E. Griffith, CLSA Memory Study Working Grp
Summary: This study aims to validate an NCD ascertainment algorithm to identify CLSA participants with NCDs through self-reported physician diagnosis, medication consumption, and daily function data.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yiwen Liu, Praveetha Patalay, Jean Stafford, Jonathan M. Schott, Marcus Richards
Summary: The study found that longer exposure to adversity across the lifecourse was associated with poorer cognitive function in older age, with economic adversity having a stronger impact. Furthermore, mental health was found to mediate the relationship between adversity and cognitive function, suggesting that improving mental health in older adults could potentially mitigate the negative effects of adversities on cognitive performance.
Review
Cell Biology
Adrian Matysek, Lina Sun, Sumudu Perera Kimmantudawage, Lei Feng, Andrea B. Maier
Summary: Dementia is a prevalent condition in the elderly population and current medication options have limited therapeutic benefits. This systematic review explores the potential of novel therapeutic compounds that target nutrient sensing pathways, specifically the sirtuin pathway, to prevent cognitive decline or improve cognition in aging, MCI, and dementia. The review finds that while animal studies show promising results, there is a lack of translation to human populations.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Isabel J. Sible, Daniel A. Nation
Summary: This study found that blood pressure variability (BPV) in older adults is related to tau accumulation in brain regions vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease, independent of average blood pressure levels. The relationship is modified by APOE ε4 carrier status. BPV may serve as a marker of vascular dysfunction contributing to early-stage tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bin Lv, Li Liang, Anan Chen, Hua Yang, Xiaolan Zhang, Fangfang Guo, Hairong Qian
Summary: This study aims to explore the distribution features and trends of dementia mortality in China from 2011 to 2020 and make predictions for the next decade. Data were collected from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Disease Surveillance Points system and analyzed using Joinpoint regression. The study found that the crude mortality rate of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias increased during 2011-2020, while the age-standardized mortality rate slightly decreased. The predicted trends for the next decade indicate an increase in the crude mortality rate and a decline in the age-standardized mortality rate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liuhua Shi, Qiao Zhu, Yifan Wang, Hua Hao, Haisu Zhang, Joel Schwartz, Heresh Amini, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Kyle Steenland, Jeremy A. Sarnat, W. Michael Caudle, Tszshan Ma, Haomin Li, Howard H. Chang, Jeremiah Z. Liu, Thomas Wingo, Xiaobo Mao, Armistead G. Russell, Rodney J. Weber, Pengfei Liu
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its major constituents is significantly associated with higher rates of incident dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Specific constituents related to traffic and fossil fuel combustion, such as BC, OM, and SO42-, showed the strongest associations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anjum Hajat, Christina Park, Claire Adam, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, Sindana D. Ilango, Cindy Leary, Tanya Libby, Oscar Lopez, Erin O. Semmens, Joel D. Kaufman
Summary: Air pollution is associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), possibly due to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and the deposition of beta-amyloid in the brain. A study found that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), particulate matter (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was positively associated with higher levels of beta-amyloid, indicating a link between air pollution and ADRD.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ka Yan Lai, Sarika Kumari, Chris Webster, John E. J. Gallacher, Chinmoy Sarkar
Summary: Residential density and urbanicity are positively associated with the risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Higher residential density and urbanicity are linked to elevated risks of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. This association is more pronounced in female, older individuals, those with lower income, and individuals who are frail and have shorter leucocyte telomere length (LTL).
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marcos Paulo Braz de Oliveira, Leticia Bojikian Calixtre, Paula Regina Mendes da Silva Serrao, Tatiana de Oliveira Sato, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros Takahashi, Larissa Pires de Andrade
Summary: This study investigated the relative and absolute reliability of isokinetic measures of knee and ankle muscle strength in community-dwelling older adults with and without Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed that isokinetic measures were reliable for assessing muscle strength in older adults with mild to moderate AD as well as those without AD.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sokratis Charisis, Eva Ntanasi, Mary Yannakoulia, Costas A. Anastasiou, Mary H. Kosmidis, Efthimios Dardiotis, Georgios Hadjigeorgiou, Paraskevi Sakka, Nikolaos Scarmeas
Summary: Higher adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with a reduced risk for dementia and cognitive decline in a traditional Mediterranean population.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Tsung-Hsien Chang, Ying-Hsuan Tai, Ying-Xiu Dai, Yun-Ting Chang, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Mu-Hong Chen
Summary: The study found that patients with vitiligo are more likely to develop any type of dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. These results remind physicians to pay closer attention to signs of dementia when managing patients with vitiligo.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Mayura Thilanka Iddagoda, Andrew Nienaber, Carina Pretorius, Leon Flicker
Summary: This study reviewed the records of 305 older patients undergoing orthopaedic surgeries and found that patients who received Patient Controlled Analgesia had worse physical function on day 3, longer hospital stays, and higher odds of needing support on discharge. Surprisingly, pain control was also poor in the Patient Controlled Analgesia group.
JOURNAL OF PERIOPERATIVE PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sabbir T. Rahman, Mary Waterhouse, Briony Duarte Romero, Catherine Baxter, Dallas R. English, Osvaldo P. Almeida, Michael Berk, Peter R. Ebeling, Bruce K. Armstrong, Donald S. A. McLeod, Gunter Hartel, Rachel L. O'Connell, Hai Pham, James G. Scott, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: The study investigated whether vitamin D supplementation reduces depressive symptoms and incidence of antidepressant use. The results showed that high-dose monthly supplementation with vitamin D-3 did not have overall benefit for measures of depression, but there was some evidence of benefit in subgroup analyses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Osvaldo P. Almeida, Graeme J. Hankey, Bu B. Yeap, Jonathan Golledge, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Suzanne Robinson, Leon Flicker
Summary: Cancer is associated with a lower risk of dementia, although methodological issues raise concerns about this relationship. A long-term study of 31,080 men aged 65-85 years found that the hazard ratio of dementia associated with cancer was 1.13, but dropped to 0.85 when excluding participants who developed dementia within 2 years. The diagnosis of cancer seems to facilitate the early detection of dementia cases.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hai Pham, Mary Waterhouse, Sabbir Rahman, Catherine Baxter, Briony Duarte Romero, Donald S. A. McLeod, Bruce K. Armstrong, Peter R. Ebeling, Dallas R. English, Gunter Hartel, Michael G. Kimlin, Rachel L. O'Connell, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Osvaldo P. Almeida, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: A randomized controlled trial found that monthly bolus doses of vitamin D supplementation for 5 years did not improve cognitive function in older adults.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Annette J. Dobson, Leon Flicker, Osvaldo P. Almeida, Michael Waller, Kaarin Anstey
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yongjun Wang, Jiejie Li, S. Claiborne Johnston, Graeme J. Hankey, J. Donald Easton, Xia Meng, Fu-Dong Shi, Yilong Wang, Xingquan Zhao, Zixiao Li, Liping Liu, Hongqiu Gu, Yong Jiang, Anxin Wang, Yuesong Pan, Jing Jing, Siying Niu, Hao Li
Summary: The CHANCE-3 study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial that aims to investigate the efficacy of colchicine therapy in patients with acute minor-to-moderate ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. The study will randomly assign 8,238 patients with high-sensitivity CRP level of >= 2 mg/L to receive colchicine or placebo, in addition to optimal medical therapy. The primary outcome is the occurrence of any stroke within 3 months of randomization, with a goal of detecting a 25% reduction in the colchicine group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Arosha S. Dissanayake, Emalee Burrows, Kwok M. Ho, Timothy J. Phillips, Stephen Honeybul, Graeme J. Hankey
Summary: In a retrospective analysis of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) treated with ultra-early intervention, the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade was found to be superior to three published models for predicting re-bleeding.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINTERVENTIONAL SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jack Paterson, Michelle Trevenen, Keith Hill, Osvaldo P. Almeida, Bu B. Yeap, Jonathan Golledge, Graeme J. Hankey, Leon Flicker
Summary: This study found that poorer balance and strength performance are associated with future all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and balance is equal to strength as a modifiable risk factor for cause-specific mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sophia G. G. Connor, Timothy J. J. Fairchild, Yvonne C. C. Learmonth, Kelly Beer, Ian Cooper, Glenn Boardman, Shaun Y. M. Teo, Behnaz Shatahmasseb, Rui Zhang, Krystyne Hiscock, Jerome D. D. Coudert, Bu B. B. Yeap, Merrilee Needham
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether a combination of testosterone supplementation and exercise training would improve muscle strength, physical function, and quality of life in men affected by IBM. The results showed that adding testosterone supplementation did not significantly improve muscle strength or physical function over a 12-week intervention period, compared to exercise alone. However, the combination treatment improved emotional well-being and relative stabilisation of disease was found during the 12-month extension study. Therefore, further research involving a longer duration and larger group of participants is warranted to confirm these findings.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Coralie English, Emily R. Ramage, John Attia, Julie Bernhardt, Billie Bonevski, Meredith Burke, Margaret Galloway, Graeme J. Hankey, Heidi Janssen, Richard Lindley, Elizabeth Lynch, Chris Oldmeadow, Catherine M. Said, Neil J. Spratt, Karly Zacharia, Lesley MacDonald-Wicks, Amanda Patterson
Summary: This study tested the feasibility and safety of a 6-month telehealth intervention to increase physical activity and improve diet quality. The results showed that the intervention was safe and feasible and may have led to significant behavior change.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valery L. Feigin, Rita Krishnamurthi, Oleg Medvedev, Alexander Merkin, Balakrishnan Nair, Michael Kravchenko, Shabnam Jalili-Moghaddam, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Yogini Ratnasabapathy, Luke Skinner, Mayowa Owolabi, Bo Norrving, Perminder S. Sachdev, Bruce Arroll, Michael Brainin, Amanda Thrift, Graeme J. Hankey
Summary: The PreventS-MD web app showed high usability, feasibility, and satisfaction among healthcare professionals (HCPs) and individuals at risk of stroke/CVD. Patients at risk of stroke/CVD also demonstrated strong confidence and motivation in following and adhering to the preventive recommendations generated by PreventS-MD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
A. Cochrane, C. Chen, J. Stephen, O. M. Ronning, C. S. Anderson, G. J. Hankey, Al-Shahi R. Salman
Summary: This study aimed to determine the overall effectiveness and safety of antithrombotic drugs in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) for stroke survivors with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The results showed that long-term therapeutic dose oral anticoagulation may reduce MACE and major occlusive vascular events, while short-term prophylactic dose anticoagulation and long-term antiplatelet therapy did not show significant effects. However, the certainty of the evidence was moderate, and further large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to address the ongoing dilemmas of antithrombotic treatment after ICH.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Osvaldo P. Almeida, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Frank Sanfilippo, David B. Preen, Amy Page
Summary: The use of antineoplastic medications has been found to be associated with a decreased risk of dementia, which may contribute to the development of novel approaches for dementia prevention.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Arosha S. Dissanayake, Kwok M. Ho, Timothy J. Phillips, Stephen Honeybul, Graeme J. Hankey
Summary: This study systematically reviews models that aim to provide patient-specific predictions of pre-treatment rebleeding risk in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The reported discriminative performance of the models varied, and no model showed consistently low bias risk and clinical applicability in all domains. Only one model was formulated using a patient cohort that underwent contemporary, evidence-based aneurysm treatment practices, but this model lacked calibration or clinical utility.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)