Review
Neurosciences
Fernando Gonzalez-Ortiz, Przemyslaw R. Kac, Wagner S. Brum, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Thomas K. Karikari
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major burden on individuals, families, caregivers, and healthcare systems. Practicality and accessibility challenges hinder the widespread availability of biomarker-supported diagnosis, resulting in many undiagnosed cases. Blood biomarker, such as plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau), shows promise in expanding access to AD diagnostics and informing clinical diagnosis and eligibility for therapies.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Chan Joo Lee, Ji-Yeon Lee, Kyungdo Han, Da Hye Kim, Hanna Cho, Kwang Joon Kim, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Yong-ho Lee, Sungha Park
Summary: There are inconsistent results on the impacts of controlling blood pressure (BP) on the risk of dementia. This study found a U-shaped association between BP levels and the risk of overall dementia and probable Alzheimer's disease. The risk of probable vascular dementia increased gradually with higher BP levels. Antihypertensive use and comorbidities did not change the U-shaped association for overall dementia and probable Alzheimer's disease, but affected the association for probable vascular dementia.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuan Ma, Junhong Zhou, Maryam Kavousi, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Francesco Mattace-Raso, Berend E. Westerhof, Frank J. Wolters, Julia W. Wu, Brad Manor, M. Kamran Ikram, Jaap Goudsmit, Albert Hofman, M. Arfan Ikram
Summary: The study suggests that lower complexity and higher variability of beat-to-beat SBP are potential novel risk factors or biomarkers for dementia.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Brian J. Burkett, Jeffrey C. Babcock, Val J. Lowe, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Rathan M. Subramaniam, Derek R. Johnson
Summary: PET imaging plays an essential role in the earlier and more specific diagnoses of dementia syndromes, especially with the development of pathology-specific disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer disease. Amyloid and tau PET techniques have entered clinical use, making nuclear medicine physicians and radiologists crucial members of the care team. This review discusses recent changes in the understanding of dementia and examines the roles of nuclear medicine imaging in clinical practice.
CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rohit Malik, Sunishtha Kalra, Saurabh Bhatia, Ahmed Al Harrasi, Govind Singh, Syam Mohan, Hafiz A. Makeen, Mohammed Albratty, Abdulkarim Meraya, Bojlul Bahar, Murtaza M. Tambuwala
Summary: Dementia is a gradual cognitive impairment that leads to dependency, disability, and mortality. Alzheimer's disease is the most common type and a progressive neurodegenerative illness. Currently, there are no disease-modifying therapies available, but the risk for dementia patients can be reduced through appropriate diagnostic and evaluation methods.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Ajay Sood, Robert S. Wilson, Lei Yu, Tianhao Wang, Julie A. Schneider, William G. Honer, David A. Bennett
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use and late-life cognitive decline, as well as investigate the relationship with brain pathology. The study found that SSRI use was linked to a faster rate of global cognitive decline, regardless of pre-existing cognitive impairment. Furthermore, SSRI use was associated with higher levels of tau tangles and a more rapid cognitive decline in individuals who underwent neuropathologic examination. However, when considering both SSRI use and tangles in the same model, the association with cognitive decline was reduced and no longer statistically significant. This suggests that the use of SSRI may be related to higher tau tangles postmortem, potentially due to the treatment of neurobehavioral symptoms associated with dementia.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rik Ossenkoppele, Antoine Leuzy, Hanna Cho, Carole H. Sudre, Olof Strandberg, Ruben Smith, Sebastian Palmqvist, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Tomas Olsson, Jonas Jogi, Erik Stormrud, Young Hoon Ryu, Jae Yong Choi, Adam L. Boxer, Maria L. Gorno-Tempini, Bruce L. Miller, David Soleimani-Meigooni, Leonardo Iaccarino, Renaud La Joie, Edilio Borroni, Gregory Klein, Michael J. Pontecorvo, Michael D. Devous, Sylvia Villeneuve, Chul Hyoung Lyoo, Gil D. Rabinovici, Oskar Hansson
Summary: The study revealed that age, MMSE score, and AD-signature cortical thickness were strongly associated with tau PET positivity in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment patients with Aβ positivity, while the presence of Aβ was the strongest predictor of a positive tau PET scan in non-AD neurodegenerative disorder patients and cognitively unimpaired individuals.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Furkan Yavuz, Mehmet Kanbay
Summary: Blood pressure variability is strongly associated with an increased risk of dementia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including Alzheimer's and vascular dementia.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva, Marcio Fernando Tasinafo Junior, Leonardo da Silva Goncalves, Arthur Polveiro da Silva, Luis Felipe Pengo Almeida Leite, Laura Scatena Favero, Mateus do Carmo Bardella, Joao Gabriel Ribeiro de Lima, Carlos Roberto Bueno Junior, Camila de Moraes
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of multicomponent training on the cognitive function of older adults without cognitive impairment. The results showed that multicomponent training improves cognitive function in this population.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chiara Celine Bruck, Frank J. Wolters, M. Arfan Ikram, Inge M. C. M. de Kok
Summary: Accurate projections of future dementia burden are important for healthcare systems and policymakers. Using a dementia microsimulation model, we found that changes in age-specific dementia incidence have a significant impact on the future burden of dementia.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Rianne A. A. de Heus, Christophe Tzourio, Emily Jo Lynn Lee, Melissa Opozda, Andrew D. Vincent, Kaarin J. Anstey, Albert Hofman, Kazuomi Kario, Simona Lattanzi, Lenore J. Launer, Yuan Ma, Rajiv Mahajan, Simon P. Mooijaart, Michiaki Nagai, Ruth Peters, Deborah Turnbull, Yuichiro Yano, Jurgen A. H. R. Claassen, Phillip J. Tully
Summary: Research shows a link between high blood pressure variability and cognitive impairment, with variability having a greater contribution to dementia and cognitive impairment compared to mean blood pressure. Future studies are needed to further investigate blood pressure variability as a target for dementia prevention.
Review
Cell Biology
Adrian Matysek, Lina Sun, Sumudu Perera Kimmantudawage, Lei Feng, Andrea B. Maier
Summary: Dementia is a prevalent condition in the elderly population and current medication options have limited therapeutic benefits. This systematic review explores the potential of novel therapeutic compounds that target nutrient sensing pathways, specifically the sirtuin pathway, to prevent cognitive decline or improve cognition in aging, MCI, and dementia. The review finds that while animal studies show promising results, there is a lack of translation to human populations.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
William O. Humphrey, Rachel Martindale, William W. Pendlebury, John C. DeWitt
Summary: The study shows that pathological changes of PART can occur earlier in the general autopsy population than previously thought, especially in women.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael G. Friedrich, Amanda Skora, Sarah E. Hancock, Todd W. Mitchell, Paul L. Else, Roger J. W. Truscott
Summary: Tau truncation is prevalent in the normal human brain, with fragments of Tau of different sizes and structures found across different brain regions. This phenomenon is observed as early as 18 years old, suggesting a potential role of Tau cleavage in brain development and aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Geir Selbaek, Josephine Stuebs, Knut Engedal, Vladimir Hachinski, Knut Hestad, Cathrine Selnes Trevino, Havard Skjellegrind, Yehani Wedatilake, Bjorn Heine Strand
Summary: This study aimed to compare the trajectories of systolic blood pressure (SBP) over a 35-year follow-up period in people with and without dementia. The results showed that individuals with dementia had higher SBP in early life but lower SBP in late life compared to those without dementia. The study also found differences in SBP among different subtypes of dementia. These findings highlight the importance of close monitoring and treatment of blood pressure in older adults.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Brent J. Small, Marie Lange, Wanting Zhai, Jaeil Ahn, Tim A. Ahles, Judith E. Carroll, Harvey J. Cohen, Deena Graham, Martine Extermann, Natacha Heutte, Heather S. L. Jim, Brenna C. McDonald, Sunita K. Patel, James C. Root, Andrew J. Saykin, Kathleen Van Dyk, Xingtao Zhou, Jeanne Mandelblatt, Florence Joly
Summary: Pooled individual-level data from two large prospective studies of older breast cancer survivors showed that older women who received taxane-based chemotherapy did not experience greater declines in cognitive performance or well-being compared to women receiving other chemotherapy regimens. Despite being at greater risk for negative outcomes, treatment with taxane-based chemotherapies did not exacerbate these health consequences for older cancer survivors.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Taeho Jo, Kwangsik Nho, Paula Bice, Andrew J. Saykin
Summary: This paper proposes a deep learning-based approach for identification of phenotype-associated SNPs and developing a classification model for AD. The final classification model achieves good accuracy in terms of area under the curve.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lincoln M. P. Shade, Yuriko Katsumata, Timothy J. Hohman, Kwangsik Nho, Andrew J. Saykin, Shubhabrata Mukherjee, Kevin L. Boehme, John S. K. Kauwe, Lindsay A. Farrer, Gerard D. Schellenberg, Jonathan L. Haines, Richard P. Mayeux, Julie A. Schneider, Peter T. Nelson, David W. Fardo
Summary: This study identified putative loci associated with the risk of brain arteriolosclerosis (B-ASC) through a genome-wide association study. The findings provide clues for further understanding the genetic mechanism of B-ASC.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brea L. Perry, Adam R. Roth, Siyun Peng, Shannon L. Risacher, Andrew J. Saykin, Liana G. Apostolova
Summary: Social network attributes moderate the association between amygdalar volume and cognitive function. Participants with diverse and loosely connected social networks have better cognitive function regardless of amygdalar volume. These findings suggest that interacting with multiple social relationships can promote cognitive reserve.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Mansu Kim, Eun Jeong Min, Kefei Liu, Jingwen Yan, Andrew J. Saykin, Jason H. Moore, Qi Long, Li Shen
Summary: In this study, a novel multi-task learning based structured sparse canonical correlation analysis (MTS2CCA) was proposed to deliver interpretable results and improve integration in imaging genetics studies. The proposed model outperformed state-of-the-art competing methods on both simulation and real imaging genetic data in terms of feature selection accuracy and performance, revealing promising features related to sleep on real imaging genetic data.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Jun Pyo Kim, Bo-Hyun Kim, Paula J. Bice, Sang Won Seo, David A. Bennett, Andrew J. Saykin, Kwangsik Nho
Summary: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jun Pyo Kim, Bo-Hyun Kim, Paula J. Bice, Sang Won Seo, David A. Bennett, Andrew J. Saykin, Kwangsik Nho
Summary: Through analysis of data from two independent cohorts, we found that DNA methylation alterations may be involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and identified 15 key CpG sites associated with AD pathology.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Neuroimaging
Cecily G. Swinford, Shannon L. Risacher, Yu-Chien Wu, Liana G. Apostolova, Sujuan Gao, Paula J. Bice, Andrew J. Saykin
Summary: The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in the U.S. is expected to reach 13 million by 2050. Currently, there are no treatments available to stop or reverse the progressive cognitive decline associated with the disease. Preventive treatment before significant cognitive decline occurs may be the solution, but there is a need for a reliable biomarker to identify older adults at highest risk. Quantitative cerebral blood flow shows promise as a potential early biomarker for Alzheimer's disease, but further research is needed to fully understand the patterns of altered blood flow.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Jung-Min Pyun, Young Ho Park, Jiebiao Wang, Paula J. Bice, David A. Bennett, SangYun Kim, Andrew J. Saykin, Kwangsik Nho
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Isabel J. Sible, Daniel A. Nation
Summary: Blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with cerebral blood flow (CBF) decline, especially under standard blood pressure-lowering strategies. However, the relationship between BPV and CBF in samples with strictly controlled blood pressure remains understudied. This study found that higher BPV in the standard treatment group was associated with CBF decline in all regions, particularly in medial temporal regions. In the intensive treatment group, elevated BPV was related to CBF decline only in the hippocampus.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Kelly Nudelman, Kwangsik Nho, Michael Zhang, Brenna C. McDonald, Wanting Zhai, Brent J. Small, Claire E. Wegel, Paul B. Jacobsen, Heather S. L. Jim, Sunita K. Patel, Deena M. A. Graham, Tim A. Ahles, James C. Root, Tatiana Foroud, Elizabeth C. Breen, Judith E. Carroll, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, Andrew J. Saykin
Summary: This study found that genetics may play an important role in modifying risk for cognitive decline in older female breast cancer survivors. Several genetic variants and genes were identified to be associated with differences in patterns of cognitive decline in cancer patients compared to controls. Further research and validation of these findings in other cancer populations is necessary to inform therapeutic research and evaluations of risk for cognitive decline in older cancer survivors.
Article
Cell Biology
Rafi Haque, Caroline M. Watson, Jiaqi Liu, E. Kathleen Carter, Duc M. Duong, James J. Lah, Aliza P. Wingo, Blaine R. Roberts, Erik C. B. Johnson, Andrew J. Saykin, Leslie M. Shaw, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Thomas S. Wingo, Allan I. Levey
Summary: This study developed a reliable and high-throughput mass spectrometry assay to detect 48 key proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and found that this panel of proteins performed at least as well as existing biomarkers in predicting clinical diagnosis, brain imaging results, cognitive decline, and dementia severity in Alzheimer's disease. Combining this panel with existing biomarkers significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and prediction of disease progression.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Thea J. Rosewood, Kwangsik Nho, Shannon L. Risacher, Sujuan Gao, Li Shen, Tatiana Foroud, Andrew J. Saykin
Summary: The genetic susceptibility for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not fully understood. This study used an endophenotype approach to identify genetic associations and discovered novel genetic loci related to AD. These findings provide deeper insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying AD.
Article
Sport Sciences
Edward Simpson, Jill L. Reiter, Jie Ren, Zhiqi Zhang, Kelly N. Nudelman, Larry D. Riggen Jr, Michael D. Menser, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Tatiana M. Foroud, Andrew J. Saykin, Alison Brooks, Kenneth L. Cameron, Stefan M. Duma, Gerald Mcginty, Steven Rowson, Steven J. Svoboda, Steven P. Broglio, Michael A. McCrea, Paul F. Pasquina, Thomas W. Mcallister, Yunlong Liu, CARE Consortium Investigators
Summary: This study analyzed the gene expression changes in peripheral blood following concussion in collegiate athletes. The results showed immediate activation of cytokine and immune response signaling pathways, which later seemed to be suppressed. Additionally, the study found an increase in neutrophils and a decrease in natural killer cells in the blood following concussion.
