Article
Clinical Neurology
Dandan Liu, Xueli Cai, Yingying Yang, Suying Wang, Lerong Mei, Jing Jing, Shan Li, Mengxing Wang, Yun Chen, Xia Meng, Tiemin Wei, Yongjun Wang, Yilong Wang, Yuesong Pan
Summary: This study found that a higher LE8 score, indicative of better cardiovascular status, was associated with a lower burden of CSVD and its MRI markers. Longitudinal studies are needed to examine causality.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yajing Huo, Yilin Wang, Cen Guo, Qianyun Liu, Lili Shan, Mingyuan Liu, Haibo Wu, Guanwu Li, Huihui Lv, Lingdan Lu, Yintin Zhou, Jianfeng Feng, Yan Han
Summary: This study investigated the topological connections among PVS, deep WMH, and NAWM around WMH using 7T MRI. The results showed that dWMH, NAWM surrounding WMH, and MRI-visible PVS are spatially correlated in the early stage of cerebral small vessel disease.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kim Wiegertjes, Kwok-Shing Chan, Annemieke ter Telgte, Benno Gesierich, David G. Norris, Catharina J. M. Klijn, Marco Duering, Anil M. Tuladhar, Jose P. Marques, Frank-Erik de Leeuw
Summary: Recent studies show that cortical microinfarcts may be visible on T2* images and are associated with iron accumulation, possibly due to microhemorrhages, neuroinflammation or neurodegeneration. These findings await further histopathological verification.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fanny M. Elahi, Michael M. Wang, James F. Meschia
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common factor driving age-dependent diseases, such as stroke and dementia. This review discusses evolving criteria and imaging biomarkers for diagnosing CSVD-related dementia, as well as diagnostic challenges and the lack of effective biomarkers. The review also explores the relationship between CSVD and neurodegenerative diseases, and summarizes recent studies on cardiovascular medicines and CSVD-related cognitive impairment. Despite remaining questions, the increased attention to CSVD has provided a clearer understanding of the upcoming challenges imposed by this disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicholas R. Evans, Jason M. Tarkin, Jessica Walsh, Mohammed M. Chowdhury, Andrew J. Patterson, Martin J. Graves, James H. F. Rudd, Elizabeth A. Warburton
Summary: The study demonstrated an independent association between atheroinflammation and the severity of cerebral small vessel disease, providing insights into the neurovascular interface and potential therapeutic strategies for managing systemic atherosclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Michael S. Stringer, Hedok Lee, Mikko T. Huuskonen, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Rosalind Brown, Axel Montagne, Sarah Atwi, Joel Ramirez, Maurits A. Jansen, Ian Marshall, Sandra E. Black, Berislav V. Zlokovic, Helene Benveniste, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: MRI is crucial for detecting and understanding human SVD, and can also monitor SVD in rodent models, increasing the translational potential of the models. There is a need for greater utilization of MRI in rodent models, along with opportunities for harmonizing with human SVD MRI methods.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hediyeh Baradaran, Ajay Gupta
Summary: Arterial stiffness is an important measure of vascular aging and atherosclerosis, but is often overlooked in clinical practice. Both central arterial stiffness and local carotid stiffness are associated with cerebrovascular processes and cognitive dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Michael S. Stringer, Gordon W. Blair, Yulu Shi, Iona Hamilton, David A. Dickie, Fergus N. Doubal, Ian M. Marshall, Michael J. Thrippleton, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) can be measured using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and this study compared CVR in patients with minor ischemic stroke at 3T and 1.5T. Results showed that the mean CVR magnitude at 3T was similar to 1.5T but with less variance. Additionally, differences in delay between gray and white matter may be influenced by factors such as signal-to-noise ratio.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Wenjin Liu, Xiaoqin Huang, Xuebing Liu, Dakota Ortega, Li Chen, Zhensen Chen, Jie Sun, Lulu Wang, Thomas S. Hatsukami, Chun Yuan, Haige Li, Junwei Yang
Summary: The study found that uncontrolled hypertension is associated with subclinical cerebrovascular injury, affecting both small and medium-to-large arteries. The presence of intracranial plaque, vascular rarefaction, reduced cerebral blood flow, and increased white matter hyperintensity were all correlated with uncontrolled hypertension, particularly with uncontrolled diastolic blood pressure.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Haogeng Sun, Wanjiang Li, Chao Xia, Yutao Ren, Lu Ma, Anqi Xiao, Chao You, Xiaoyu Wang, Rui Tian, Yi Liu
Summary: Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, this study found that lacunes, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and enlarged perivascular spaces in centrum semiovale (CSO-EPVS) were independently associated with various characteristics of moyamoya disease (MMD).
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuesong Pan, Xueli Cai, Jing Jing, Suying Wang, Xia Meng, Lerong Mei, Yingying Yang, Aoming Jin, DongXiao Yao, Shan Li, Hao Li, Tiemin Wei, Yongjun Wang, Yilong Wang
Summary: This study found that Lp(a) levels were positively associated with the presence and burden of intracranial atherosclerosis, but inversely associated with cSVD.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alvin S. Das, Elif Gokcal, Robert W. Regenhardt, Mitchell J. Horn, Kristin Schwab, Nader Daoud, Anand Viswanathan, W. Taylor Kimberly, Joshua N. Goldstein, Alessandro Biffi, Natalia Rost, Jonathan Rosand, Lee H. Schwamm, Steven M. Greenberg, M. Edip Gurol
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate whether non-haemorrhagic imaging markers (NHIM) can discriminate cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) from hypertensive cerebral small vessel disease (HTN-cSVD) among patients with isolated lobar intracerebral haemorrhage (isolated-LICH). The study found that NHIM can differentiate HTN-cSVD from CAA using left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) as a marker for HTN-cSVD.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chen Su, Xiaoyu Yang, Shuqi Wei, Renliang Zhao
Summary: This article reviews the correlation between different imaging features of sporadic CSVD and gait and balance disorders, providing beneficial guidance for the management of CSVD.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kanghwi Lee, Roh-Eul Yoo, Won-Sang Cho, Seung Hong Choi, Sung Ho Lee, Kang Min Kim, Hyun-Seung Kang, Jeong Eun Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and to observe the changes in permeability in patients with cerebrovascular steno-occlusive diseases after bypass surgery using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). The results showed that the permeability in the focal perianastomotic area significantly decreased in patients with CHS during the postoperative period, suggesting the involvement of BBB disruption in the development of CHS.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maaike P. Cliteur, Lotte Sondag, Axel Wolsink, Ingeborg Rasing, F. J. A. Meijer, Wilmar M. T. Jolink, Marieke J. H. Wermer, Catharina J. M. Klijn, Floris H. B. M. Schreuder
Summary: This study found no association between cSVD burden and PHE formation, implying that mechanisms other than BBB dysfunction are involved in the pathophysiology of PHE.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Francisco Janez-Martino, Rocio Alaiz-Rodriguez, Victor Gonzalez-Castro, Eduardo Fidalgo, Enrique Alegre
Summary: Spam emails are no longer just annoying advertisements, but a growing source of scams and attacks. While machine learning-based spam filters have shown high performance in academic journals, users still face fraudulent and malicious emails. The challenges in this field are the dynamic nature of the environment and the presence of spammers as adversaries.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yunju Yang, Maria J. Knol, Ruiqi Wang, Aniket Mishra, Dan Liu, Michelle Luciano, Alexander Teumer, Nicola Armstrong, Joshua C. Bis, Min A. Jhun, Shuo Li, Hieab H. H. Adams, Nasir Ahmad Aziz, Mark E. Bastin, Mathieu Bourgey, Jennifer A. Smith, Stefan Frenzel, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Norbert Hosten, Lifang Hou, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Valerie Lohner, Pascale Marquis, Susana Munoz Maniega, Claudia L. Satizabal, Farzaneh A. Sorond, Maria C. Valdes Hernandez, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Meike W. Vernooij, Katharina Wittfeld, Qiong Yang, Wei Zhao, Eric Boerwinkle, Daniel Levy, Ian J. Deary, Jiyang Jiang, Karen A. Mather, Thomas H. Mosley, Bruce M. Psaty, Perminder S. Sachdev, Jennifer A. Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, Charles S. DeCarli, Monique M. B. Breteler, M. Arfan Ikram, Hans J. Grabe, Joanna Wardlaw, W. T. Longstreth, Lenore J. Launer, Sudha Seshadri, Stephanie Debette, Myriam Fornage
Summary: This study investigates the association between epigenetic changes and white matter hyperintensities in adults. The findings suggest that blood-brain barrier dysfunction and the immune response are related to white matter hyperintensity burden, and antihyperlipidemic agents might be a potential treatment.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Emily L. Ball, Mahnoor Shah, Eilidh Ross, Rachel Sutherland, Charlotte Squires, Gillian E. Mead, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Terence J. Quinn, Dorota Religa, Erik Lundstrom, Joshua Cheyne, Susan D. Shenkin
Summary: This systematic review investigates the associations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features performed at stroke diagnosis and post-stroke cognitive impairment in stroke survivors. The findings suggest that cerebral atrophy, microbleeds, and severity of white matter hyperintensities are associated with cognitive outcomes, while the association between increasing cerebral small vessel disease score and cognitive outcomes is inconclusive. These findings can help identify stroke patients at risk of cognitive problems, but the clinical utility of acute MRI in predicting cognitive problems remains uncertain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hilde van den Brink, Anna Kopczak, Tine Arts, Laurien Onkenhout, Jeroen C. W. Siero, Jaco J. M. Zwanenburg, Sandra Hein, Mathias Huebner, Benno Gesierich, Marco Duering, Michael S. Stringer, Jeroen Hendrikse, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Anne Joutel, Martin Dichgans, Geert Jan Biessels
Summary: This study used advanced 7T-MRI techniques to investigate cerebral small vessel function in CADASIL patients, revealing abnormalities in multiple aspects of small vessel function, indicating increased arteriolar stiffness and regional abnormalities in reactivity, particularly related to white matter injury. These findings provide novel markers for mechanistic and intervention studies on cSVD.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Bonnie Yin Ka Lam, Yuan Cai, Rufus Akinyemi, Geert Jan Biessels, Hilde van den Brink, Christopher Chen, Chin Wai Cheung, King Ngai Chow, Henry Kwun Hang Chung, Marco Duering, Siu Ting Fu, Deborah Gustafson, Saima Hilal, Vincent Ming Ho Hui, Rajesh Kalaria, Sang Yun Kim, Maggie Li Man Lam, Frank Erik de Leeuw, Ami Sin Man Li, Hugh Stephen Markus, Anna Marseglia, Huijing Zheng, John O'Brien, Leonardo Pantoni, Perminder Singh Sachdev, Eric E. Smith, Joanna Wardlaw, Vincent Chung Tong Mok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the prevalence of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The results demonstrated a high prevalence of cSVD in LMICs. There is a need for more data from different regions to support the findings, as there is currently bias in the available studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stewart J. Wiseman, Jun-Fang Zhang, Calum Gray, Charlene Hamid, Maria Del C. Valdes Hernandez, Lucia Ballerini, Michael J. Thrippleton, Cameron Manning, Michael Stringer, Emilie Sleight, Susana Munoz Maniega, Alasdair Morgan, Yajun Cheng, Carmen Arteaga, Dany Jaime Garcia, Una Clancy, Fergus N. Doubal, Baljean Dhillon, Tom MacGillivray, Yun-Cheng Wu, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) can cause stroke and dementia. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) of retinal capillary microvessels is related to brain microvessels. This study found that lower retinal vessel density and sparser branching were associated with white matter damage and impaired cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with minor stroke.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Philip M. Bath, Iris Mhlanga, Lisa J. Woodhouse, Fergus Doubal, Katherine Oatey, Alan A. Montgomery, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: The study is a feasibility study to evaluate the effectiveness of silostazol and isosorbide mononitrate in preventing the progression of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). This study is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of SVD.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kailash Krishnan, Zhe Kang Law, Lisa J. Woodhouse, Rob A. Dineen, Nikola Sprigg, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Philip M. Bath
Summary: In this study, measures of intracranial compartments in acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) were assessed using computerised tomography scans. The study found that ICH volume adjusted for intracranial and cerebral parenchymal volume could be useful in predicting functional outcomes in acute stroke. Additionally, midline shift and cistern effacement may predict outcome but further validation is needed.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Awad Alzahrani, Xinyu Zhang, Adel Albukhari, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Grant Mair
Summary: This study aims to determine the threshold for brain attenuation on nonenhanced computed tomography (NECT) to differentiate CTP-defined penumbra vs core, and to correlate NECT features with CTP. The results showed that isolated swelling is highly specific to penumbra and can be differentiated by measuring lesion attenuation.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Francisco Janez-Martino, Rocio Alaiz-Rodriguez, Victor Gonzalez-Castro, Eduardo Fidalgo, Enrique Alegre
Summary: Spam emails are unwanted messages that can be harmful, and the authors propose a topic-based approach for classifying spam emails. They provide two new datasets containing approximately 15K emails each in English and Spanish. Experimental results show that TF-IDF and LR achieve the highest performance for English dataset, with a F1 score of 0.953 and 94.6% accuracy, while TF-IDF and NB achieve a F1 score of 0.945 and 98.5% accuracy for Spanish dataset.
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Stefanie Schreiber, Jose Bernal, Philipp Arndt, Frank Schreiber, Patrick Mueller, Lorena Morton, Ruediger Christian Braun-Dullaeus, Maria Del Carmen Valdes-Hernandez, Roberto Duarte, Joanna Marguerite Wardlaw, Sven Guenther Meuth, Grazia Mietzner, Stefan Vielhaber, Ildiko Rita Dunay, Alexander Dityatev, Solveig Jandke, Hendrik Mattern
Summary: Brain vascular health is crucial in preventing and slowing down the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Impaired brain vascular health in ALS leads to decreased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, compromised endothelial cell formation, and blood-brain barrier integrity. This review discusses the pathogenesis of impaired brain vascular health in ALS and the potential of novel magnetic resonance imaging techniques in its detection. It also highlights the importance of blood supply patterns to the motor cortex as a marker of resistance and resilience against vascular risk and events in ALS, providing insights for ALS management and understanding of the disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacobo Porto-Alvarez, Eva Cernadas, Rebeca Aldaz Martinez, Manuel Fernandez-Delgado, Emilio Huelga Zapico, Victor Gonzalez-Castro, Sandra Baleato-Gonzalez, Roberto Garcia-Figueiras, J. Ramon Antunez-Lopez, Miguel Souto-Bayarri
Summary: This article aims to prove that CT-based radiomics can predict KRAS mutation in CRC patients. The study used 56 CRC patients from the Hospital of Santiago de Compostela in Spain and obtained radiomics features through abdominal contrast enhancement CT. The results showed that AdaBoost ensemble on clinical patient data had the most reliable prediction ability, with a kappa and accuracy of 53.7% and 76.8% for KRAS mutation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martin Taylor-Rowan, Melanie Hafdi, Bogna Drozdowska, Emma Elliott, Joanna Wardlaw, Terence J. Quinn
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of brain frailty in stroke survivors and the concurrent and predictive validity of various frailty measures on long-term cognitive outcomes. The study found that both physical frailty and brain frailty were associated with adverse cognitive outcomes, and assessing brain frailty remained important when evaluating cognitive outcomes.
EUROPEAN STROKE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Luigi Lorenzini, Silvia Ingala, Lyduine E. Collij, Viktor Wottschel, Sven Haller, Kaj Blennow, Giovanni Frisoni, Gael Chetelat, Pierre Payoux, Pablo Lage-Martinez, Michael Ewers, Adam Waldman, Joanna Wardlaw, Craig Ritchie, Juan Domingo Gispert, Henk J. M. M. Mutsaerts, Pieter Jelle Visser, Philip Scheltens, Betty Tijms, Frederik Barkhof, Alle Meije Wink
Summary: Amyloid-beta accumulation in highly connected brain regions is associated with functional connectivity alterations in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Dynamic functional connectivity variations indicate increased regional flexibility and promote functional integration. This study investigates the associations between abnormal cerebrospinal fluid amyloid and static and dynamic properties of functional hubs, and their relationship with cognitive performance in non-demented participants. The results suggest that dynamic eigenvector centrality is an early biomarker of Alzheimer's disease pathology and cognitive decline.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
A. Cochrane, C. Chen, J. Stephen, O. M. Ronning, C. S. Anderson, G. J. Hankey, Al-Shahi R. Salman
Summary: This study aimed to determine the overall effectiveness and safety of antithrombotic drugs in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) for stroke survivors with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The results showed that long-term therapeutic dose oral anticoagulation may reduce MACE and major occlusive vascular events, while short-term prophylactic dose anticoagulation and long-term antiplatelet therapy did not show significant effects. However, the certainty of the evidence was moderate, and further large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to address the ongoing dilemmas of antithrombotic treatment after ICH.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)