Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amir Emamifar, Torkell Ellingsen, Anne Pernille Hermann, Soren Hess, Oke Gerke, Ziba Ahangarani Farahani, Per Syrak Hansen, Inger Marie Jensen Hansen, Peter Thye-Ronn
Summary: The study revealed that in the treatment process of patients with PMR/GCA, arterial stiffness decreased, and body composition changed, with a decrease in bone mineral content and an increase in fat mass, while lean body mass did not significantly change.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Andre Ramon, Helene Greigert, Paul Ornetti, Jean-Francis Maillefert, Bernard Bonnotte, Maxime Samson
Summary: Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory rheumatism that affects the shoulder and pelvic girdles. There is often an association between PMR and giant cell arteritis (GCA), which can lead to severe vascular complications. Diagnosing GCA in patients with PMR is challenging, especially when it is subclinical. Clinical features such as new onset temporal headaches, glucocorticoids' resistance and constitutional symptoms can help predict the presence of GCA in PMR patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Eugenio De Miguel, Pierluigi Macchioni, Edoardo Conticini, Corrado Campochiaro, Rositsa Karalilova, Sara Monti, Cristina Ponte, Giulia Klinowski, Irene Monjo-Henry, Paolo Falsetti, Zguro Batalov, Alessandro Tomelleri, Alojzija Hocevar
Summary: The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of subclinical giant cell arteritis (GCA) in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). The researchers used ultrasound to examine multiple arteries of PMR patients and found some of them had subclinical GCA. Patients with subclinical GCA were older, had longer morning stiffness duration, and more frequently reported hip pain compared to those without subclinical GCA. The optimal screening strategy to detect vasculitis in PMR needs further investigation.
Article
Immunology
Rosanne D. Reitsema, Bernd-Cornel Hesselink, Wayel H. Abdulahad, Kornelis S. M. van der Geest, Elisabeth Brouwer, Peter Heeringa, Yannick van Sleen
Summary: This study found differential phenotypes of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the peripheral blood of Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) and Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) patients. The proportions of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and CD141+ conventional DCs (cDC1) were lower in GCA/PMR, while the proportion of CD1c+ conventional DCs (cDC2) was negatively correlated with CRP. Additionally, single cell RNA sequencing identified differentially expressed genes related to inflammation and metabolism in GCA patients' APCs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Antonio Giovanni Solimando, Angelo Vacca, Franco Dammacco
Summary: Giant cell arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and Takayasu's arteritis are characterized by extensive vascular remodeling resulting in occlusion and stenosis. Despite hypothetical pathophysiological mechanisms, similarities and differences in immunopathology and clinical phenotypes suggest a potential link between these diseases.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Eugenio De Miguel, Rositsa Karalilova, Pierluigi Macchioni, Cristina Ponte, Edoardo Conticini, Sharon Cowley, Alessandro Tomelleri, Sara Monti, Irene Monjo, Zguro Batalov, Giulia Klinowski, Paolo Falsetti, David J. Kane, Corrado Campochiaro, Alojzija Hocevar
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical significance of subclinical giant cell arteritis (GCA) in polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and determine the optimal treatment approach. Results showed that PMR patients with subclinical GCA had a higher rate of relapse during a 2-year follow-up compared to those with isolated PMR. Lower starting doses of glucocorticoids and rapid tapering within the first 3 months were identified as risk factors for relapse.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Kresten Krarup Keller, Chetan B. Mukhtyar, Andreas Wiggers Nielsen, Andrea Katharina Hemmig, Sarah Louise Mackie, Sebastian Eduardo Sattui, Ellen-Margrethe Hauge, Anisha Dua, Toby Helliwell, Lorna Neill, Daniel Blockmans, Valerie Devauchelle-Pensec, Eric Hayes, Annett Jansen Venneboer, Sara Monti, Cristina Ponte, Eugenio De Miguel, Mark Matza, Kenneth J. Warrington, Kevin Byram, Kinanah Yaseen, Christine Peoples, Michael Putman, Lindsay Lally, Michael Finikiotis, Simone Appenzeller, Ugo Caramori, Carlos Enrique Toro-Gutierrez, Elisabeth Backhouse, Maria Camila Guerrero Oviedo, Victor Roman Pimentel-Quiroz, Helen Isobel Keen, Claire Elizabeth Owen, Thomas Daikeler, Annette de Thurah, Wolfgang A. Schmidt, Elisabeth Brouwer, Christian Dejaco
Summary: This study developed the first international recommendations for referral of individuals with suspected polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), complementing the management guidelines for established PMR by the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology/American College of Rheumatology.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Idil Esen, Suzanne Arends, Berit Dalsgaard Nielsen, Philip Therkildsen, Ib Hansen, Anna van't Ende, Peter Heeringa, Annemieke Boots, Ellen Hauge, Elisabeth Brouwer, Yannick van Sleen
Summary: A study found that treatment-naive patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) had metabolic dysregulation before treatment, while long-term use of glucocorticoids (GCs) resulted in increased comorbidities and a poorer metabolic profile.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Carolin Beuker, Maximilian Christian Wankner, Christian Thomas, Jan-Kolja Strecker, Antje Schmidt-Pogoda, Wolfram Schwindt, Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Catharina Gross, Heinz Wiendl, Peter J. Barth, Bernd Eckert, Thomas Raphael Meinel, Marcel Arnold, Jens Schaumberg, Schulamith Krueger, Milani Deb-Chatterji, Tim Magnus, Joachim Roether, Jens Minnerup
Summary: This study aimed to characterize patients with extracranial giant cell arteritis with intracranial involvement. Findings showed that typical characteristics of GCA such as headache and elevated ESR were frequently absent in patients with intracranial involvement, but the pattern of vertebral artery stenosis could help differentiate GCA from atherosclerosis. Approximately one-third of patients with intracranial GCA had a rapid progressive disease course, and IL-17 and IL-6 may represent potential future treatment targets.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Eric Liozon, Simon Parreau, Matthieu Filloux, Stephanie Dumonteil, Guillaume Gondran, Holy Bezanahary, K. H. Ly, Anne Laure Fauchais
Summary: This study found that post-IV onset of GCA/PMR is not rare, especially in individuals at higher spontaneous risk such as those with personal or familial history of GCA/PMR. Post-IV PMR generally appeared self-limited, while post-IV GCA often displayed a more protracted course.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Yannick van Sleen, Kornelis S. M. van der Geest, Rosanne D. Reitsema, Idil Esen, Janneke H. Terpstra, Elisabeth Raveling-Eelsing, Marieke van der Heiden, Thomas Lieber, Annemarie M. Buisman, Debbie van Baarle, Maria Sandovici, Elisabeth Brouwer
Summary: The study found that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was safe for GCA/PMR patients and their immune response to the vaccine was comparable to other older individuals. Patients using methotrexate and particularly >10 mg/day prednisolone had lower vaccine responses, potentially increasing their risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Review
Rheumatology
Misako Higashida-Konishi, Mitsuhiro Akiyama, Tatsuya Shimada, Satoshi Hama, Tatsuhiro Oshige, Keisuke Izumi, Hisaji Oshima, Yutaka Okano
Summary: This article presents a case of giant cell arteritis (GCA) successfully treated with subcutaneous tocilizumab (TCZ) monotherapy. Subcutaneous TCZ monotherapy may serve as an alternative treatment for GCA patients who are elderly or refuse to take glucocorticoids.
RHEUMATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Andrea K. Hemmig, Markus Aschwanden, Christoph T. Berger, Diego Kyburz, Noemi Mensch, Daniel Staub, Mihaela Stegert, Stephan Imfeld, Thomas Daikeler
Summary: The presence of prior polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) is associated with a more severe and damaging disease course. PMR is specifically associated with large vessel vasculitis and vascular stenosis in GCA patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas D. Garvey, Matthew J. Koster, Kenneth J. Warrington
Summary: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common primary systemic vasculitis in adults over 50 years old, and advances in arterial imaging have improved diagnosis and disease subset recognition. While glucocorticoids have been the main treatment for decades, new therapeutic options have emerged, providing clinicians with more choices for managing GCA patients.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Matheus Vieira, Cloe Comarmond, Julien Labreuche, Adrien Mirouse, David Saadoun, Christophe Richez, Rene-Marc Flipo, Eric Hachulla, Elodie Drumez, Patrice Cacoub
Summary: This study found that patients with giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica (GCA/PMR) were more likely to have severe COVID-19 and higher mortality compared to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is mostly due to well-known risk factors for the general population rather than vasculitis per se.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2022)
Review
Rheumatology
Delamo I. Bekele, Kenneth J. Warrington, Matthew J. Koster
Summary: This study presents clinical characteristics, management, and outcome of patients with both giant cell arteritis (GCA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Male sex was more common in the patients with coexisting GCA and IBD, and ulcerative colitis was the predominant IBD phenotype. There is a suggestion for further studies to explore the potential pathophysiologic connection between GCA and IBD.
RHEUMATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ke Jin, Zhenke Wen, Bowen Wu, Hui Zhang, Jingtao Qiu, Yanan Wang, Kenneth J. Warrington, Gerald J. Berry, Jorg J. Goronzy, Cornelia M. Weyand
Summary: The dysfunction of CD8(+) regulatory T cells in autoimmune vasculitis is attributed to aberrant NOTCH4 signaling, leading to limited vesicular secretion of the enzyme NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and subsequent breakdown of tissue tolerance, resulting in aggressive vessel wall inflammation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Letter
Rheumatology
Catalina Sanchez-Alvarez, Cynthia S. Crowson, Matthew J. Koster, Kenneth J. Warrington
JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Kenneth J. Warrington
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Letter
Rheumatology
Filippo Pinto e Vairo, Matthew J. Koster, Jennifer L. Kemppainen, Brittany C. Thomas, Kenneth J. Warrington
Editorial Material
Rheumatology
Matthew J. Koster, Kenneth J. Warrington
Summary: The new classification criteria for ANCA-associated vasculitis endorsed by ACR and EULAR reflect important developments in the field and highlight the significance of ANCA testing.
NATURE REVIEWS RHEUMATOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Rheumatology
Mahmut Kaymakci, Mohanad Elfishawi, Mariam P. Alexander, Matthew J. Koster, Kenneth J. Warrington
Editorial Material
Rheumatology
Bradly A. Kimbrough, Elie Naddaf, Kenneth J. Warrington, Rafael E. Jimenez, Matthew J. Koster
Article
Rheumatology
Karin Wadstrom, Lennart T. H. Jacobsson, Aladdin J. Mohammad, Kenneth J. Warrington, Eric L. Matteson, Magnus E. Jakobsson, Carl Turesson
Summary: Elevated levels of IFN-gamma were found years prior to the diagnosis of GCA, suggesting that T cell activation may precede the clinical onset of the disease.
Review
Rheumatology
Baptiste Chevet, Divi Cornec, Marta Casal Moura, Emilie Cornec-Le Gall, Fernando C. Fervenza, Kenneth J. Warrington, Ulrich Specks, Alvise Berti
Summary: ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV) are rare, primary, systemic necrotizing small-vessel vasculitides. The most common types are granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. Risk factors for developing AAV include exposure to silica dust, farming, and chronic nasal Staphylococcus aureus infection. Diagnosis of AAV requires further investigation, including ANCA testing, and a structured clinical assessment. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of AAV and the patient's characteristics, with rituximab being favored as an effective option for both induction and maintenance of remission.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Marta Casal Moura, Cynthia S. Crowson, Ulrich Specks, Kenneth J. Warrington, Ladan Zand, Sanjeev Sethi, Fernando C. Fervenza
Summary: Patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) are at high risk of progressing to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Adding plasma exchange (PLEX) to standard treatment may reduce the risk of ESKD. However, there is still debate on which patients benefit from PLEX.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Alexander S. Hines, Matthew J. Koster, Allison R. Bock, Ronald S. Go, Kenneth J. Warrington, Horatiu Olteanu, Terra L. Lasho, Mrinal M. Patnaik, Kaaren K. Reichard
Summary: In this retrospective study, a clinically applicable targeted-screening approach was used to identify VEXAS syndrome among male patients with bone marrow vacuolization. A total of 292 patients were included, and after exclusion criteria, 21 patients were rated with moderate to high suspicion of VEXAS syndrome. Somatic UBA1 variants associated with VEXAS syndrome were detected in 87.5% of the tested patients. The utilization of this approach resulted in a positive detection rate of 87.5%.
Review
Immunology
Matthew J. Koster, Max Guarda, Umar Ghaffar, Kenneth J. Warrington
Summary: The article introduces mimics of vasculitis, including non-inflammatory syndromes and secondary vasculitis. The clinical, radiographic, and histological features that differentiate these cases from primary vasculitis are highlighted.
EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Mahmut S. Kaymakci, Mohanad M. Elfishawi, Hannah E. Langenfeld, Andrew C. Hanson, Cynthia S. Crowson, Melanie C. Bois, Umar Ghaffar, Matthew J. Koster, Ulrich Specks, Kenneth J. Warrington
Summary: This study aimed to characterize patients with L-AAV, where L-AAV can involve temporal arteries, aorta, and periaortic soft tissue.
Article
Rheumatology
Stephanie Q. Duong, Cynthia S. Crowson, Arjun Athreya, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, John M. Davis, Kenneth J. Warrington, Eric L. Matteson, Richard Weinshilboum, Liewei Wang, Elena Myasoedova
Summary: Using machine learning methods, we identified clinical predictors of response to methotrexate treatment in patients with RA, including baseline DAS28-ESR, ACPA, and HAQ score. Our prediction model for methotrexate response was externally validated in DMARD-naive patients with RA, providing guidance for clinical decision-making.
ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
