Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Y. H. Chang, C. H. Jeong, W. N. Cheng, Y. Choi, D. M. Shin, S. Lee, S. G. Han
Summary: This study found that yogurt fermented with different combinations of probiotics exhibited significantly higher acetate levels than the control group yogurt. Treatment of colon epithelial cells with the yogurt supernatants resulted in an increase in mucin protein production, enhancing the protective function of the intestinal epithelium.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Wang, Fenfen Wang, Xuedong Kang, Jing Wang, Mei Li, Jinguang Liu, Padraig Strappe, Zhongkai Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the impact of ultrasonication on the reaction efficiency of rice starch acylation from three short-chain fatty acids, revealing that lower power density ultrasonication can improve acetylation efficiency but reduce propionylation reactivity, while butyrylation efficiency is significantly enhanced. The ultrasonic-assisted SCFAs-modified rice starch showed lower peak viscosity and setback value, suggesting avoidance of starch molecules rearrangement, and destroyed gel textural property. These findings highlight the importance of appropriate ultrasonication for enhancing acylation efficiency and improving starch rheological property.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Zhilin Zhang, Huan Zhang, Tian Chen, Lin Shi, Daorong Wang, Dong Tang
Summary: This article discusses the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, which leads to persistent immune response and inflammation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from fiber-rich diet produced by probiotic gut bacteria have shown anti-inflammatory effects and can delay the progression of IBD. The modulation of innate immune recognition and cytokine production by SCFAs may intervene in the progression of IBD. More studies are needed to investigate the clinical impact of SCFA.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin Li, Suzhen Lei, Lu Liu, Yi Zhang, Baodong Zheng, Hongliang Zeng
Summary: The combination of lotus seed resistant starch (LRS) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can promote the growth of fecal microbiota, increase the production of SCFAs, and influence the intestinal flora, which is beneficial for health and disease management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xin Li, Jiachen Liang, Wenjie Gao, Yi Zhang, Hongliang Zeng, Baodong Zheng
Summary: In this study, the effects of butyrylated lotus seed starch (LSB) on small intestinal bacteria and SCFA levels in mice were investigated. The results showed that LSB improved small intestine morphology, promoted the abundance of beneficial bacteria, and suppressed harmful genera. This study provides a foundation for designing functional dietary fibers that can induce high levels of butyric acid production.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Cheng Li, Yiming Hu
Summary: The current definitions of resistant starch (RS) types are mainly based on their interactions with human digestive enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract, and do not adequately consider their effects on gut microbiota. This review highlights the limitations of the current definitions and proposes new definitions of RS types from the perspective of gut microbiota, taking into account fermentation rate, fermentation end products, specificity towards gut microbiota, and shifts in gut microbiota caused by RS consumption.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Min Gao, Sun Hyeok Lee, Sang Hyuk Park, Larissa Miasiro Ciaramicoli, Haw-Young Kwon, Heewon Cho, Joseph Jeong, Young-Tae Chang
Summary: This study presented the first fluorescent probe NeutropG for specific distinction and imaging of active neutrophils, with a selective staining mechanism elucidated as metabolism-oriented live-cell distinction (MOLD). NeutropG was successfully applied to accurately quantify neutrophil levels in fresh blood samples, showing a high correlation with the current clinical method.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Manupati Hemalatha, S. Venkata Mohan
Summary: This study investigated the potential of Duckweed in treating dairy wastewater and its utilization as nutritional biomass. The results showed that Duckweed had good treatment efficiency in removing organic carbon, nitrates, and phosphates from wastewater. It also exhibited potential as a nutritional supplement for livestock and poultry industries, as well as a feedstock for biorefinery.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
R. Magalhaes, N. Martins, F. Fontinha, A. Couto, C. R. Serra, R. A. Santos, E. Olsen, H. Peres, A. Oliva-Teles
Summary: The present study investigates the effects of different diet compositions on the oxidative status, histomorphology of liver and intestine, and intestinal microbiota modulation in gilthead sea bream juveniles. The results show that ARA-rich diets reduce liver and intestine lipid peroxidation, while DHA-rich diets increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver. Additionally, dietary starch improves the oxidative stress index in the liver and has positive effects on glutathione and lipid peroxidation in the intestine. Fish fed high starch diets also experience hepatocyte hypertrophy and alterations in nuclei position. Compared to DHA diets, ARA diets result in reduced diversity of intestinal microbiota. In conclusion, high dietary ARA provides protection to the liver and intestine of gilthead sea bream juveniles, and the balanced ratio of ARA/DHA in the diet has important effects on antioxidant status and intestinal microbiota diversity.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wenxi Jiang, Jiali Wu, Shefeng Zhu, Linying Xin, Chaohui Yu, Zhe Shen
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and disordered bowel habits. Recent studies have shown that the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), may play a role in the pathogenesis of IBS. SCFAs have been found to be involved in intestinal inflammation and immunity, intestinal barrier integrity, motility, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Pascual Garcia-Perez, Gianluca Giuberti, Francesco Sestili, Domenico Lafiandra, Ermelinda Botticella, Luigi Lucini
Summary: This study evaluated the nutritional properties of wholegrain flours with different amylose/amylopectin ratios through in vitro starch digestion and large intestine fermentation. High-amylose flours showed higher resistant starch content and lower starch hydrolysis index. Metabolomics analysis revealed distinctive profiles between flours derived from different lines, with peptides, glycerophospholipids, polyphenols, and terpenoids identified as key markers. The high-amylose flour fermentates exhibited a rich bioactive profile, containing stilbenes, carotenoids, and saponins. These findings provide a basis for designing novel functional foods using high-amylose flours.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jennifer L. Meijer, Meredith N. Roderka, Elsa L. Chinburg, Timothy J. Renier, Auden C. McClure, Richard Rothstein, Elizabeth L. Barry, Sarah Billmeier, Diane Gilbert-Diamond
Summary: Bariatric surgery is associated with decreased fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) levels, which are related to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Dietary intake is linked to SCFA levels and CRC risk post-bariatric surgery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Hui Sam, Hua Ling, Wen Shan Yew, Zhaohong Tan, Sharada Ravikumar, Matthew Wook Chang, Louis Yi Ann Chai
Summary: Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) have divergent immunomodulatory propensities, with SCFA down-attenuating pro-inflammatory response through the TLR4 pathway, while MCFA augmenting inflammation through TLR2.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jie Yang, Shuxian Hua, Zehao Huang, Zhengbiao Gu, Li Cheng, Yan Hong
Summary: Different types of starch-based double emulsion (SDE) structures were developed to improve the bioavailability of astaxanthin (AST), with A-type and B-type SDE structures showing smaller droplet diameters and higher stability after simulated gastric digestion. The bioaccessibility of AST-loaded SDEs prepared with HAS was found to be six times higher than digested unencapsulated AST. Thus, SDEs are considered suitable carriers for liposoluble nutrient delivery and bioavailability in various products.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Maryam Rahimi Jahangirlou, Gholam Abbas Akbari, Iraj Alahdadi, Saeid Soufizadeh, David Parsons
Summary: This study evaluated the concentration and composition of starch, protein, and oil in maize grain in response to different planting dates, irrigation intervals, and nitrogen rates. High nitrogen fertilization increased protein and nonessential amino acids, while high irrigation combined with high nitrogen rates increased oil content. The findings highlight the complex relationship between various factors and their impact on maize grain quality characteristics.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heidi M. Staudacher, Matthias Scholz, Miranda Ce Lomer, Frances S. Ralph, Peter M. Irving, James O. Lindsay, Francesca Fava, Kieran Tuohy, Kevin Whelan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between diet and microbiota in IBS patients, as well as the impact of two nutritional interventions on the microbiota. The results showed that the low FODMAP diet and probiotic supplementation can alter the microbiota in IBS patients, but baseline microbiota cannot predict clinical response to interventions.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Camilla Diotallevi, Massimiliano Fontana, Cheryl Latimer, Nigel G. Ternan, L. Kirsty Pourshahidi, Roger Lawther, Gloria O'Connor, Lorenza Conterno, Mattia Gasperotti, Andrea Angeli, Cesare Lotti, Martina Bianchi, Urska Vrhovsek, Francesca Fava, Marco Gobbetti, Chris I. R. Gill, Kieran M. Tuohy
Summary: The study shows that wild strawberries can alter the composition of gut microbiota, increase the concentration of gut microbiota catabolites, and reduce DNA damage in colonocytes.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dengfeng Xu, Meiyuan Feng, YiFang Chu, Shaokang Wang, Varsha Shete, Kieran M. Tuohy, Feng Liu, Xirui Zhou, Alison Kamil, Da Pan, Hechun Liu, Xian Yang, Chao Yang, Baoli Zhu, Na Lv, Qian Xiong, Xin Wang, Jianqin Sun, Guiju Sun, Yuexin Yang
Summary: Oats consumption is beneficial for lipid modulation, leading to significant reductions in TC and LDL-C levels. Oats also have a positive impact on gut microbiome, promoting beneficial bacteria and prebiotic effects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ciara D. Bannon, Julia Eckenberger, William John Snelling, Chloe Elizabeth Huseyin, Philip Allsopp, Conall Strain, Priya Ramnani, Roberto Chitarrari, John Grant, Sarah Hotchkiss, Kevin Philp, Ross Campbell, Kieran Michael Tuohy, Marcus J. Claesson, Nigel George Ternan, James S. G. Dooley, Roy D. Sleator, Ian Rowland, Chris I. R. Gill
Summary: Seaweeds are rich in bioactive compounds, but little is known about the effects of their polysaccharides on gut health. Research found that low-molecular-weight polysaccharides derived from alginate and agar can increase fecal bulk without altering human gut microbiome health markers. Further human in vivo testing, particularly using refined seaweed extracts, is urgently needed.
Review
Pediatrics
Iva Hojsak, Marc A. Benninga, Bruno Hauser, Aydan Kansu, Veronica B. Kelly, Alison M. Stephen, Ana Morais Lopez, Joanne Slavin, Kieran Tuohy
Summary: Fiber is an essential nutrient in the human diet that provides various benefits through the fermentation process by the gut microbiome. Lack of fiber is associated with multiple disorders in children. Current recommendations for daily fiber intake focus on quantity rather than quality.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Francesca Fava, Maria M. Ulaszewska, Matthias Scholz, Jan Stanstrup, Lorenzo Nissen, Fulvio Mattivi, Joan Vermeiren, Douwina Bosscher, Carlo Pedrolli, Kieran M. Tuohy
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of wheat aleurone supplemented foods on human health. The results showed that aleurone has the potential to modulate gut microbial metabolic output and increase the abundance of bifidobacteria in feces. However, it did not have a significant impact on plasma homocysteine or other cardiovascular disease biomarkers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Muhammad Shabir Khan, Anum Saeedullah, Simon C. Andrews, Khalid Iqbal, Syed Abdul Qadir, Babar Shahzad, Zahoor Ahmed, Muhammad Shahzad
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia among adolescent Afghan refugees aged 10-19 years. The study found a high prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (25%) among the participants, with boys having higher homocysteine levels than girls. Serum levels of vitamin B12 and folate were significantly associated with hyperhomocysteinemia.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ehud Rinott, Anat Yaskolka Meir, Gal Tsaban, Hila Zelicha, Alon Kaplan, Dan Knights, Kieran Tuohy, Matthias Uwe Scholz, Omry Koren, Meir J. Stampfer, Dong D. Wang, Iris Shai, Ilan Youngster
Summary: The study found that the Mediterranean diet has significant effects on gut microbiota and cardiometabolic health, particularly the Green-MED diet. The Green-MED diet induces beneficial changes in gut microbiota composition and enzymatic functions, which are associated with improvements in body weight and cardiometabolic biomarkers.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kashika Arora, Ilaria Carafa, Francesca Fava, Kieran M. Tuohy, Olga Nikoloudaki, Marco Gobbetti, Raffaella Di Cagno
Summary: In this study, the novel cereal 'Tritordeum' was used in sourdough fermentation for bread making. Both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were used to analyze the microbial ecology during the fermentation process. The results showed that the microbial diversity of the sourdough decreased as it matured, and the dominant microbiota changed from Weissella to Lactiplantibacillus genera. The concentration of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) increased throughout the fermentation process, while yeast concentration gradually increased after the fourth backslapping. The Tritordeum sourdough had high nutritional potential and low levels of antinutritional factors. The texture analysis demonstrated that Tritordeum sourdough bread had better cohesiveness, resilience, and firmness compared to baker's yeast bread.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hila Zelicha, Nora Kloting, Alon Kaplan, Anat Yaskolka Meir, Ehud Rinott, Gal Tsaban, Yoash Chassidim, Matthias Bluher, Uta Ceglarek, Berend Isermann, Michael Stumvoll, Rita Nana Quayson, Martin von Bergen, Beatrice Engelmann, Ulrike E. Rolle-Kampczyk, Sven-Bastiaan Haange, Kieran M. Tuohy, Camilla Diotallevi, Ilan Shelef, Frank B. Hu, Meir J. Stampfer, Iris Shai
Summary: Through an 18-month study, it was found that a green-MED diet, enriched with plant-based polyphenols and lower in red meat intake, may be a potent intervention to promote visceral adipose tissue regression.
Article
Microbiology
Giulia Gaudioso, Tobias Weil, Giulia Marzorati, Pavel Solovyev, Luana Bontempo, Elena Franciosi, Luigi Bertoldi, Carlo Pedrolli, Kieran Michael Tuohy, Francesca Fava
Summary: This study employed a multi-disciplinary approach to investigate the fermentation process and gut health-promoting properties of locally produced, organic sauerkraut. The results revealed a gradual decrease in bacterial diversity during fermentation, and significant differences in microbiota composition between sauerkraut from different producers. Lactic acid bacteria dominated the microbiota, with Lactiplantibacillus being the dominant genus. H-1-NMR analysis showed significant changes in microbial metabolite profiles during fermentation. Sauerkraut brine did not affect gut barrier function, but showed potential in modulating inflammatory response and regulating intestinal immune function.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rose -Anna Grace Pushpass, Shouq Alzoufairi, Andrea Mancini, Karena Quilter, Francesca Fava, Simone Delaiti, Urska Vrhovsek, Camilla Christensen, Susan A. Joyce, Kieran M. Tuohy, Kim G. Jackson, Julie A. Lovegrove
Summary: This study investigated the chronic effects of probiotics, oats, and apples on postprandial bile acids, gut microbiota, and cardiometabolic health biomarkers. The results showed that oats and apples can reduce postprandial blood sugar and insulin levels, while probiotics can increase bile acid levels. However, the impacts of these dietary components on gut microbiota and cardiometabolic risk markers remain unclear.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Aaron Alonso Torrens, Christopher A. Mitchell, L. Kirsty Pourshahidi, Brian Og Murphy, William Allwood, Lisa Rizzetto, Matthias Scholz, Kieran Tuohy, Gema Pereira-Caro, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Gordon McDougall, Chris I. R. Gill
Summary: Disruption of microvascular architecture is a common pathogenic mechanism in Alzheimer's disease progression. Long-term feeding of raspberries showed limited modulation of microbiota and no substantive effect on microvascular architecture or cognition in APP/PS-1 mouse model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thamer Aljutaily, Alaa Elbeltagy, Asmahan A. Ali, Mohamed G. E. Gadallah, Nazeha A. Khalil
Summary: This study investigates the potential of using date fiber biscuits to control obesity and related health indicators. Feeding obese mice with different levels of date fiber biscuits, the study found that the optimal results were obtained with biscuits containing 10% date fiber, which significantly reduced lipid and blood sugar levels.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nazeha Khalil, Nora Abdullah Alfaris, Jozaa Zaidan Altamimi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidants levels in fresh tomato juice and its effects on atherogenic indices, lipid profiles, and kidney functions in diabetic animal models.
FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
