Article
Infectious Diseases
Elena Sendra, Inmaculada Lopez Montesinos, Alicia Rodriguez-Alarcon, Juan Du, Ana Siverio-Pares, Mar Arenas-Miras, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Nuria Prim, Xavier Duran-Jorda, Fabiola Blasco-Hernando, Enric Garcia-Alzorriz, Francesc Cots, Olivia Ferrandez, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla
Summary: This study compared the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and economic differences between complicated urinary tract infections caused by extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results showed that patients with XDR P. aeruginosa cUTI more frequently received inappropriate empirical therapy, while ESBL-K. pneumoniae cUTI was associated with worse eradication rates, higher recurrence, and higher infection-related readmission. XDR P. aeruginosa cUTI was associated with worse early clinical cures and more antibiotic side effects, but no differences in mortality or hospitalization costs were observed.
Review
Biophysics
Huma Fatima, Nikky Goel, Rajeshwari Sinha, Sunil Kumar Khare
Summary: Beta-lactam antibiotics are commonly used to treat bacterial infections, but bacterial resistance through beta-lactamase production is a major concern. Development of new strategies is essential to combat infections caused by resistant bacteria.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Mohd Zulkifli Salleh, Nik Mohd Noor Nik Zuraina, Khalid Hajissa, Mohamad Ikram Ilias, Kirnpal Kaur Banga Singh, Zakuan Zainy Deris
Summary: Shigellosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains poses a significant challenge in its treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide an updated picture of the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Shigella species in Asia. The study found that multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Shigella strains are prevalent among Asian patients.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yue Li, Yiwei Zhu, Wanqing Zhou, Zhongju Chen, Robert A. Moran, Huanhuan Ke, Yu Feng, Willem van Schaik, Han Shen, Jingshu Ji, Zhi Ruan, Xiaoting Hua, Yunsong Yu
Summary: This study characterized AFM-2 and AFM-3 metallo-beta-lactamase from clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. The results showed that these enzymes exhibited beta-lactamase activity comparable to NDM-1, and the co-carriage of bla(AFM) and bla(KPC) genes rendered P. aeruginosa resistant to antipseudomonal beta-lactams. Furthermore, the association of bla(AFM) genes with translocatable genetic elements and plasmids highlighted their potential for dissemination.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Stephanie L. L. Egge, James S. S. Lewis, Morgan Hakki
Summary: Multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) strains, especially those producing New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM), pose a significant challenge in terms of limited treatment options. However, this case study supports the use of cefepime-zidebactam for disseminated infections caused by NDM-producing XDR PA, pending further clinical studies. It is important to test susceptibilities and consider alternative regimens for isolates with alternative metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) or increased efflux pump expression, as in vitro data suggest reduced susceptibility to cefepime-zidebactam.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Harpreet Kaur, Vinay Modgil, Naveen Chaudhary, Balvinder Mohan, Neelam Taneja
Summary: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and their extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production pose a significant threat to current antimicrobial treatment options. To overcome this challenge, the identification of new therapeutic targets is crucial. In this study, we used computational tools to identify potential drug targets against the ESBL-producing UPEC strain NA114, focusing on chokepoint, virulence, and resistance genes. Through a hierarchical in silico technique, we discovered seven distinct targets for this pathogen that showed no similarity to the human proteome. These targets, involved in bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis and inositol phosphate metabolism, hold promise for the design of effective drugs against MDR UPEC.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matthew Davies, Gianluca Galazzo, Jarne M. van Hattem, Maris S. Arcilla, Damian C. Melles, Menno D. de Jong, Constance Schultsz, Petra Wolffs, Alan McNally, Willem van Schaik, John Penders
Summary: Previous studies have shown a high risk of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae acquisition among international travelers visiting AMR hotspots. This study investigated whether successful colonization of ESBL-E during travel is associated with the composition, functional capacity, and resilience of the traveler's microbiome. The results suggest that changes in the microbial composition and abundance of certain bacteria may play a role in preventing ESBL-E acquisition.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Slawomir Poletajew, Katarzyna Pawlik, Anna Bonder-Nowicka, Artur Pakuszewski, Lukasz Nyk, Piotr Kryst
Summary: Global and local initiatives have been taken to reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance, with a focus on MDR bacteria. This retrospective study analyzed bacterial infections among hospitalized patients, finding that MDR bacteria were responsible for a significant proportion of infections, with ESBL production being the most common mechanism of antibiotic resistance. It is a pressing issue in clinical microbiology that requires urgent attention.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jerome Ambroise, Elmostafa Benaissa, Leonid Mwana Wa Bene Irenge, El Mehdi Belouad, Bertrand Bearzatto, Jean-Francois Durant, Jamal Badir, Mostafa Elouennass, Jean-Luc Gala
Summary: This study aimed to provide data on ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from patients with extraintestinal infections in Morocco. The results underscore the pre-eminence of ST131 as the major factor driving the expansion of ExPEC in the Rabat region.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Beenish Ehsan, Asma Haque, Muhammad Qasim, Aamir Ali, Yasra Sarwar
Summary: This study investigated antimicrobial resistance, specifically ESBLs and carbapenemases, in local uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates. The results showed high resistance levels against certain antibiotics and a significant percentage of UPEC isolates producing ESBLs and carbapenemases. The study emphasizes the need for continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and targeted antimicrobial therapy.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nadia Coppola, Nicolas F. Cordeiro, Gustavo Trenchi, Fernanda Esposito, Bruna Fuga, Danny Fuentes-Castillo, Nilton Lincopan, Andres Iriarte, Ines Bado, Rafael Vignoli
Summary: This study investigates the presence of priority pathogens carrying transferable resistance genes in 1-day-old chickens imported from Brazil to Uruguay, highlighting the potential role of imported chicks in the dissemination of multidrug-resistant pathogens and the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mireia Lopez-Siles, Zaira Moure, Aly Salimo Muadica, Sergio Sanchez, Raquel Cruces, Alicia avila, Noelia Lara, Pamela Carolina Koster, Alejandro Dashti, Jesus Oteo-Iglesias, David Carmena, Michael J. McConnell
Summary: This study aimed to identify external factors associated with ESBL-E carriage and characterize clonal relationships and mechanisms of resistance in ESBL-E isolates. Among the 887 healthy children surveyed, 24 ESBL-E strains were detected, mainly Escherichia coli. The prevalence of ESBL-E in children was found to be lower than the average colonization rate previously observed in Europe for both children and adults, with CTX-M being the most frequently identified ESBL type.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Annalisa Boscolo, Nicolo Sella, Tommaso Pettenuzzo, Alessandro De Cassai, Silvia Crociani, Chiara Schiavolin, Caterina Simoni, Federico Geraldini, Giulia Lorenzoni, Eleonora Faccioli, Francesco Fortarezza, Francesca Lunardi, Chiara Giraudo, Andrea Dell'Amore, Annamaria Cattelan, Fiorella Calabrese, Dario Gregori, Federico Rea, Paolo Navalesi
Summary: The incidence of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase gram-negative bacteria has been increasing among lung transplantation recipients. Isolation of these bacteria is associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality. Previous recipient-related colonization and empirical exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics are clinical predictors of the isolation of these bacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Andrea M. Hujer, Christopher R. Bethel, Magdalena A. Taracila, Steven H. Marshall, Laura J. Rojas, Marisa L. Winkler, Ronald E. Painter, T. Nicholas Domitrovic, Richard R. Watkins, Ayman M. Abdelhamed, Roshan D'Souza, Andrew R. Mack, Richard C. White, Thomas Clarke, Derrick E. Fouts, Michael R. Jacobs, Katherine Young, Robert A. Bonomo
Summary: Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections pose a significant clinical challenge, especially when isolates exhibit resistance to carbapenems. This study identifies genetic factors, such as acquired beta-lactamases and disruptions in the OprD porin gene, that contribute to the resistance of two extensively drug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates to imipenem-relebactam. Poor inhibition by relebactam of specific beta-lactamases within the isolates also contributes to the resistant phenotype.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Paula Kurittu, Banafsheh Khakipoor, Jari Jalava, Jari Karhukorpi, Annamari Heikinheimo
Summary: This study characterizes ESBL-producing E. coli from clinical samples in Finland using whole genome sequencing. It investigates potential zoonotic transmission routes and identifies successful AMR genes, bacterial sequence types, and plasmids. The results indicate the increasing prevalence of the ST131-C1-M27 clade in Europe and provide important information on the global spread of ESBL-producing E. coli.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ran Jing, Wen-Hang Yang, Meng Xiao, Ying Li, Gui-Ling Zou, Cheng-Ying Wang, Xiu-Wen Li, Ying-Chun Xu, Po-Ren Hsueh
Summary: This study provides valuable insights on the species distribution and susceptibility of Aspergillus strains isolated from otomycosis patients in China. The findings highlight the prevalence of A. welwitschiae and the existence of azole-resistance, which can guide clinical medication for otomycosis.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Tsai-Wen Wan, Yu-Jung Liu, Yu-Ting Wang, Yu-Tzu Lin, Jia-Chuan Hsu, Jui-Chang Tsai, Hao-Chieh Chiu, Po -Ren Hsueh, Wei-Chun Hung, Lee-Jene Teng
Summary: This study provides detailed genetic characterization of Tn6636, a multidrug-resistant mobile element, in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. The prevalence of Tn6636 in methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) is higher than that in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The presence of this mobile element with various sequence types suggests its broad dissemination and the potential for continued spread of resistant plasmids.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yu-Te Tsai, Yu-Lin Lee, Min-Chi Lu, Pei-Lan Shao, Po-Liang Lu, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Wen-Chien Ko, Chi-Ying Lin, Ting-Shu Wu, Muh-Yong Yen, Lih-Shinn Wang, Chang-Pan Liu, Wen-Sen Lee, Zhi-Yuan Shi, Yao-Shen Chen, Fu-Der Wang, Shu-Hui Tseng, Chao-Nan Lin, Yu-Hui Chen, Wang-Huei Sheng, Chun-Ming Lee, Hung-Jen Tang, Chun-Yu Lin, Yen-Hsu Chen, Po-Ren Hsueh
Summary: The study suggests that empirical treatment with ceftriaxone monotherapy for pneumococcal meningitis should be carefully monitored due to its high non-susceptibility rate. However, the high susceptibility rates of most isolates to other antibiotics such as penicillin, carbapenems, respiratory quinolones, vancomycin, and linezolid indicate their potential in treating pneumococcal diseases in Taiwan.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yu-Lin Lee, Wen-Chien Ko, Po-Ren Hsueh
Summary: This study investigated the resistance patterns and mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Asia-Pacific region from 2015 to 2019. The results showed significant variations in resistance patterns and associated genes among different countries in the region.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Pin-Han Wu, Chih-Hao Chen, Chia-Huei Chou, Mao-Wang Ho, Yu-Hsuan Liu, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, Kuan-Fei Chen, Po-Ren Hsueh
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Yu-Chang Chang, Chiung-Tzu Hsiao, Wan-Li Chen, Yang-Di Su, Po-Ren Hsueh
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jung-Yien Chien, Chong-Jen Yu, Po-Ren Hsueh
Summary: The performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was evaluated and compared with that of conventional culture testing in patients with sepsis. mNGS had higher detection rates than blood culture and BALF culture, especially for bacteria, viruses, and multipathogen infections. RNA-based mNGS increased the detection rate of several bacteria, fungi, and viruses. mNGS offers a sensitive diagnostic method for patients with sepsis, but clinical correlation is advised to interpret the data due to the lack of unified diagnostic criteria.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Jia-Arng Lee, Shin-Hei Du, Tai-fen Lee, Yu-Shan Huang, Chun-Hsing Liao, Yu-Tsung Huang, Po-Ren Hsueh
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Yuag-Meng Liu, Wen-Chien Ko, Mao-Wang Ho, Yu-Lin Lee, Po-Ren Hsueh
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Jiaxin Yu, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, Kun-Hao Tseng, Ni Tien, Po-Ren Hsueh, Der-Yang Cho
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Virology
Chih-Cheng Lai, Chi-Kuei Hsu, Shun-Chung Hsueh, Muh-Yong Yen, Wen-Chien Ko, Po-Ren Hsueh
Summary: Following the emergence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a similar clinical scenario called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) has been observed. Although the prevalence of MIS-A is low and likely underdiagnosed, it can be associated with high mortality. MIS-A is a multisystem disease that affects the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, dermatologic, hematologic, and neurologic systems. The diagnosis of MIS-A requires clinical manifestations, laboratory evidence of inflammation, and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The appropriate treatment for MIS-A is still uncertain, but anti-inflammatory agents like intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroids are commonly used. Further research is needed to determine the true prevalence, pathogenesis, and effective treatment for MIS-A.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Chih-Cheng Lai, Po-Ren Hsueh
Summary: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV-r) is an effective antiviral agent for treating nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, there have been rare cases of virologic and symptomatic rebound after NMV-r treatment, which is a cause for concern. This review provides comprehensive information on the frequency, mechanism, outcomes, and management of COVID-19 rebound after NMV-r. The incidence of rebound was less than 2% and most cases had mild symptoms, with favorable clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Pin-Han Wu, Chih-Hao Chen, Wen-Hsin Hsih, Chia-Huei Chou, Chih-Yu Chi, Mao-Wang Ho, Yu-Tzu Lin, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, Kun-Hao Tseng, Po-Ren Hsueh
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
I-Ru Chen, Guei-Jane Wang, Po-Ren Hsueh, Chia-Hui Chou, Long-Bin Jeng, Hui-Ju Lin, Huang-Jiun Liao, Ping-Chin Lai, Jan-Gowth Chang, Chiu-Ching Huang
Summary: This study evaluated the immune responses and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) in Taiwan. The results showed that the vaccines effectively protected aHUS patients from severe COVID-19 complications without significant safety concerns. Transplant aHUS patients had lower immune response titers, indicating a need for additional vaccine doses.
Article
Microbiology
Yu-Tsung Huang, Yao-Wen Kuo, Nan-Yao Lee, Ni Tien, Chun-Hsing Liao, Lee-Jene Teng, Wen-Chien Ko, Po-Ren Hsueh
Summary: Detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales is important for therapeutic decisions and infection control. The Xpert CARBA-R and NG-Test CARBA 5 assays showed high sensitivity and specificity in detecting carbapenemases in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales isolates.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Allison M. Hitchcock, Wesley D. Kufel, Keri A. Mastro Dwyer, Eric F. Sidman
Summary: Lenacapavir is a novel HIV-1 treatment option for patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV-1 infection. It has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and has shown good tolerability and efficacy in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Roberta Gagliardini, Alessandro Tavelli, Stefano Rusconi, Sergio Lo Caputo, Vincenzo Spagnuolo, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Andrea Costantini, Alessandra Vergori, Franco Maggiolo, Andrea Giacomelli, Giulia Burastero, Giordano Madeddu, Eugenia Quiros Roldan, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Andrea Antinori, Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri
Summary: This study evaluated multiple treatment failures to modern antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals and found that approximately 4% of them were difficult to treat. The difficult to treat group, compared to the non-difficult to treat group, was characterized by older age, higher prevalence of AIDS, lower CD4+ cell count, and higher risk of treatment failure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2024)
