Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin Jiang, Chenguang Yang, Jie Qiu, Dongfei Ma, Cheng Xu, Shuxin Hu, Weijing Han, Bing Yuan, Ying Lu
Summary: LL-37 is able to induce specific permeability of a phosphoethanolamine-rich mitochondrial membrane in a protein-independent manner, offering an alternative pathway for LL-37-triggered mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and apoptosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Urszula Wnorowska, Ewelina Piktel, Piotr Deptula, Tomasz Wollny, Grzegorz Krol, Katarzyna Gluszek, Bonita Durnas, Katarzyna Pogoda, Paul B. Savage, Robert Bucki
Summary: Ceragenins have potent bactericidal effects against E. coli strains, with CSA-13 showing particular efficiency through induction of oxidative stress. Biodistribution studies reveal that CSA-13 accumulates in kidneys and liver, and is excreted through urine and bile acid. Additionally, CSA-13 can reverse infection-induced tissue alterations and potentially restore a microenvironment unfavorable for bacterial growth.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jennifer H. Ku, Katia J. Bruxvoort, S. Bianca Salas, Cara D. Varley, Joan A. Casey, Eva Raphael, Sarah C. Robinson, Keeve E. Nachman, Bruno J. Lewin, Richard Contreras, Rong X. Wei, Magdalena E. Pomichowski, Harpreet S. Takhar, Sara Y. Tartof
Summary: A study showed that the prevalence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli causing outpatient urinary tract infection declined overall between 2016 and 2021. The choice of care setting (in-person vs virtual) did not significantly affect the treatment of infections. Virtual healthcare can expand access to UTI care.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Zhou, Zuying Zhou, Lin Zheng, Zipeng Gong, Yueting Li, Yang Jin, Yong Huang, Mingyan Chi
Summary: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections caused by various pathogens, with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) being the most prevalent causative agent. UPEC has shown adaptive evolution in invading the urinary tract and surviving inside cells. Despite the success of antibiotic therapy, the increasing antimicrobial resistance and high recurrence rates pose challenges to its efficacy. Thus, there is a need to explore alternative treatment options, such as vaccines and medicinal plants, that target multiple pathogenic mechanisms of UPEC to combat antibiotic resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kornelius Zeth, Enea Sancho-Vaello
Summary: The human cathelicidin LL-37 is a versatile peptide with antimicrobial activity, playing a crucial role in targeting microorganisms. Recent structural studies have revealed the diversity and adaptability of LL-37 in interacting with lipid-like molecules. Complexes of LL-37 with detergents provide insights into mimicking lipids and inducing oligomerization and fibrillation, opening avenues for designing LL-37-derived peptides with enhanced antibiotic properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Changying Wang, Hongyan Cheng, Fenglian Yan, Hui Zhang, Junfeng Zhang, Chunxia Li, Mingsheng Zhao, Dongmei Shi, Huabao Xiong
Summary: In this study, miR-146b deficiency was found to exacerbate kidney injury during UTIs caused by UPEC, leading to severe inflammation and M1 macrophage infiltration. miR-146b played an important role in UTIs by regulating M1 macrophage polarization, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic target for treating kidney injury during UTIs.
Article
Microbiology
Amanda Brumwell, Granger Sutton, Paul M. M. Lantos, Kate Hoffman, Felicia Ruffin, Lauren Brinkac, Thomas H. H. Clarke, Mark D. D. Adams, Vance G. G. Fowler Jr, Derrick E. E. Fouts, Joshua T. T. Thaden
Summary: This study aims to further understand the risk factors, clinical outcomes, and bacterial genetics associated with ST131 bloodstream infections. A cohort study was conducted in which 88 out of 227 patients with E. coli bloodstream infection were infected with ST131. There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between patients with ST131 and non-ST131 infections overall, but ST131 was associated with higher mortality in patients with urinary tract infections.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Mary Zare, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Florian Wagenlehner
Summary: This review discusses the optimal management of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women. Women are particularly susceptible to rUTI due to female anatomy, as well as behavioral, genetic, and urological factors. Various non-antibiotic strategies, prophylactic approaches, and emerging experimental treatments like faecal microbiota transfer (FMT) and bacteriophages show promising effects in interrupting the cycle of rUTI. Further clinical research is needed to explore the potential of these novel treatment options for bacterial infections, especially UTIs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Guadalupe Miranda-Novales, Karen Flores-Moreno, Yolanda Lopez-Vidal, Samuel Ponce de Leon-Rosales
Summary: This study evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and found that multidrug-resistant bacteria represented 61% of all isolates.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Oriana Simonetti, Oscar Cirioni, Gaia Goteri, Guendalina Lucarini, Elzbieta Kamysz, Wojciech Kamysz, Fiorenza Orlando, Giulio Rizzetto, Elisa Molinelli, Gianluca Morroni, Roberto Ghiselli, Mauro Provinciali, Andrea Giacometti, Annamaria Offidani
Summary: LL-37 has a potential future role in the management of infected wounds, promoting wound healing and angiogenesis.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Reeta Ala-Jaakkola, Arja Laitila, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Liisa Lehtoranta
Summary: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common bacterial disease worldwide, and antibiotic resistance is a major concern. D-mannose, a dietary supplement, shows promise as an alternative treatment for UTIs, reducing the risk and recurrence.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarzyna Werbel, Dorota Jankowska, Anna Wasilewska, Katarzyna Taranta-Janusz
Summary: The study analyzed the increasing resistance of bacteria in children with UTI over the years, identified parameters related to antibiotic sensitivity using the CART method, and provided guidance for antibiotic therapy to inhibit increasing antibiotic resistance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Thijs ten Doesschate, Sander Kuiper, Cees van Nieuwkoop, Robert-Jan Hassing, Tom Ketels, Suzan P. van Mens, Wouter van den Bijllaardt, Akke K. van der Bij, Suzanne E. Geerlings, Ad Koster, Evert L. Koldewijn, Judith Branger, Andy I. M. Hoepelman, Cornelis H. van Werkhoven, Marc J. M. Bonten
Summary: Fosfomycin is noninferior to ciprofloxacin as oral step-down treatment for febrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs) caused by E. coli in women, but its use is associated with more gastrointestinal events.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jonathan Josephs-Spaulding, Thoger Jensen Krogh, Hannah Clara Rettig, Mark Lyng, Mariam Chkonia, Silvio Waschina, Simon Graspeuntner, Jan Rupp, Jakob Moller-Jensen, Christoph Kaleta
Summary: This article discusses the ecological interactions of human urogenital microbial communities, the mechanism of imbalance between microbial ecology and host physiology. A greater understanding of environmental mechanisms and microbial ecology is needed for the treatment and management of UTIs. The use of next generation and systems level methods is recommended to elucidate the systemic consequences of rUTIs.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Maisto, Fortuna Iannuzzo, Ettore Novellino, Elisabetta Schiano, Vincenzo Piccolo, Gian Carlo Tenore
Summary: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common bacterial infection, especially in women. The main etiological agents are E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis. Due to the increase in antimicrobial resistance, there is a need for natural alternatives for UTI treatment. This review summarizes the potential therapeutic effects of natural polyphenol-based nutraceuticals and foods through in vitro and in vivo studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sofie Marie Edslev, Caroline Meyer Olesen, Line Brok Norreslet, Anna Cacilia Ingham, Soren Iversen, Berit Lilje, Maja-Lisa Clausen, Jorgen Skov Jensen, Marc Stegger, Tove Agner, Paal Skytt Andersen
Summary: The presence of Staphylococcus aureus on the skin of atopic dermatitis patients is associated with disease severity, while the abundance of Staphylococcus hominis is negatively correlated with severity, suggesting their importance for skin health.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Cristina El Haj, Mads Lichtenberg, Karen Leth Nielsen, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Peter ostrup Jensen
Summary: This study evaluated the role of ROS in the bactericidal activity of daptomycin against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. The presence of catalase was found to protect the biofilm by reducing ROS production and increasing bacterial survival. Induction of cytotoxic ROS formation by daptomycin was verified, and only the highest concentration of daptomycin reduced bacterial survival and increased ROS formation in the resistant biofilm.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mette Pinholt, Sarah Mollerup, Kit Boye, Peder Worning, Barbara Juliane Holzknecht, Sanne Nygaard, Karen Leth Nielsen, Henrik Hasman, Louise Roer, Anette M. Hammerum, Henrik Westh, Kristian Schonning
Summary: During 2018-19, an increase in vanB VREfm was observed in the Capital Region of Denmark, mainly due to the introduction and transmission of the successful Cluster 1. By analyzing WGS data and designing a clone-specific PCR assay, vanB VREfm outbreak isolates in rectal screening samples can be rapidly and accurately detected.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Frederik Boetius Hertz, Minna Rud Andreasen, Stine Radmer Almind, Karen Leth Nielsen, Katrine Hartung Hansen, Lotte Jelsbak, Niels Frimodt-Moller, Kristian Schonning
Summary: This study investigated the influence of tazobactam concentration on the inhibition of E. coli isolates hyperproducing TEM-1 beta-lactamase and compared the in vivo efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) with cefotaxime (CTX) in an infection model. The results showed that TZP treatment was less effective than CTX treatment for E. coli isolates hyperproducing TEM-1, and it may be comparable with TZP treatment of isolates producing established resistance markers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Frederik Boetius Hertz, Rasmus L. Marvig, Niels Frimodt-Moller, Karen Leth Nielsen
Summary: This study shows that ESBL-producing ST131/H30-Rx are not necessarily burdened by multidrug resistance, however, have a better in vitro fitness than the susceptible isolate.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Christopher J. Barnes, Maja-Lisa Clausen, Maria Asplund, Linett Rasmussen, Caroline Meyer Olesen, Yasemin Topal Yusel, Paal Skytt Andersen, Thomas Litman, Anders Johannes Hansen, Tove Agner
Summary: This study characterized the skin-associated bacterial communities of healthy individuals and AD patients, revealing that interindividual variation had a significant impact on the bacterial community, followed by skin depth and AD status.
Letter
Dermatology
Yasemin Topal Yuksel, Sofie Marie Edslev, Anne Klose Janstrup, Mie Sonne Goldeman, Line Brok Norreslet, Paal Skytt Andersen, Tove Agner
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Filip Jansaker, Niels Frimodt-Moller, Xinjun Li, Kristina Sundquist
Summary: This study estimated the association between potential risk factors and common vaginal infections using nationwide primary health care and other national registers. The results indicated that women from non-Western countries are more likely to develop these infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Frederik Boetius Hertz, Karen Leth Nielsen, Markus Harboe Olsen, Soren Roddik Ebdrup, Christina Nielsen, Nikolai Soren Kirkby, Niels Frimodt-Moller, Kirsten Moller
Summary: Denmark has seen a steady increase in the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) since 2002. A study conducted at Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen, Denmark investigated the carrier prevalence of VRE among patients admitted to the Neurointensive Care Unit (NICU). The results showed a relatively low prevalence of VRE carriage among the patients.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Karoline Knudsen List, Mette Kolpen, Kasper Norskov Kragh, Godefroid Charbon, Stine Radmer, Frank Hansen, Anders Lobner-Olesen, Niels Frimodt-Moller, Frederik Boetius Hertz
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of mecillinam in combination with either avibactam or ceftazidime/avibactam against carbapenemase-producing clinical isolates. The combination substantially reduced MICs and showed significant log-CFU reductions in time-kill and in vivo experiments, indicating a notable effect on most types of CPEs, both in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Filip Jansaker, Xinjun Li, Ingvild Vik, Niels Frimodt-Moller, Jenny Dahl Knudsen, Kristina Sundquist
Summary: This study aimed to explore the risk of pyelonephritis in women following cystitis and its relationship with antibiotic treatment, cervical cancer, parity, and sociodemographic factors. The results showed a negative correlation between antibiotic treatment and the occurrence of pyelonephritis, although the absolute risk reduction was low. Except for age and region of residency, other sociodemographic factors, parity, and cervical cancer were not associated with pyelonephritis.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Omid Rezahosseini, Casper Roed, Jon Gitz Holler, Niels Frimodt-Moller, Zitta Barrella Harboe
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Maria -Anna Misiakou, Frederik Boetius Hertz, Kristian Schonning, Susanne Haussler, Karen Leth Nielsen
Summary: This study aims to investigate the causes and mechanisms for the increase in linezolid resistance in E. faecium at Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet. By analyzing the whole-genome sequencing data for E. faecium isolates collected since 2014, clusters of linezolid-resistant strains related to hospital transmission and de novo linezolid resistance were identified. Patients with the latter isolates were significantly more exposed to linezolid treatment. Additionally, a subset of patients initially carrying vancomycin-resistant, linezolid-sensitive enterococcus developed vancomycin-resistant, linezolid-resistant enterococci after linezolid treatment.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Peter Damborg, Mattia Pirolo, Laura Schon Poulsen, Niels Frimodt-Moller, Luca Guardabassi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of pets as reservoirs of Escherichia coli strains causing human urinary tract infections (UTIs) in household contacts. Among 119 patients with community-acquired E. coli UTIs, 19 patients who lived with a dog or a cat were recruited. Fecal swabs from the household pet(s) were screened to detect E. coli with the resistance profile of the UTI strain. The results showed that dogs can be long-term carriers of E. coli strains causing UTIs in human household contacts.
Article
Microbiology
Hao Hong Thi Le, Anders Dalsgaard, Paal Skytt Andersen, Huong Minh Nguyen, Yen Thi Ta, Trung Thanh Nguyen
Summary: A large-scale food poisoning outbreak occurred at a school canteen in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam in 2018, with 352 students hospitalized. Laboratory investigation identified Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcal enterotoxins in the food, indicating contamination of chicken meat as the cause. The SE-producing strain was found to be resistant to penicillin and tetracycline, highlighting the importance of monitoring and surveillance for pathogenic S. aureus in Vietnam.
MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)