Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Siru He, Xuda Hong, Hairong Zheng, Dong Liang
Summary: The study demonstrates that modifying the commonly used compact and planar titanium alloy substrate using an alkali approach can enhance the adhesion with screen-printed carbon nanotube cathodes and significantly improve device performance, providing a practical strategy for further enhancement of field emission performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Emmanuel Picheau, Anthony Impellizzeri, Dmitry Rybkovskiy, Maxime Bayle, Jean-Yves Mevellec, Ferdinand Hof, Hassan Saadaoui, Laure Noe, Abraao Cefas Torres Dias, Jean-Luc Duvail, Marc Monthioux, Bernard Humbert, Pascal Puech, Christopher P. Ewels, Alain Penicaue
Summary: Above a critical diameter, carbon nanotubes collapse into flattened forms, leading to unique Raman spectra changes. The presence of edge cavities and curvature changes near the edges activate a D band despite overall continuity in the structure. The differing perspectives of chemists and physicists on defects in carbon structures may lead to confusion for researchers in nanotechnologies.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Chiho Song, Baohong Chen, Jeonguk Hwang, Sujin Lee, Zhigang Suo, Heejoon Ahn
Summary: This study demonstrates a method to print a highly stretchable supercapacitor using ink. By utilizing specific materials and processes, the supercapacitor maintains stable performance even under stretching conditions.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jalal Haidari, Mahsa Barjini Khabbaz, Hassan Radman, Morteza Maghrebi, Majid Baniadam
Summary: The effect of carbon precursor flow rate on the quality and quantity of CNTs is controversial. Increasing the flow rate leads to larger diameters and heights of CNTs, indicative of improved acetylene decomposition. The competition between decomposition rate and carbon surface diffusion rate affects the height of CNTs. Raman results show that higher temperatures increase the graphite structures of CNTs due to increased carbon surface diffusion rate.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Noel J. Aquilina, Sara Fenech Camilleri
Summary: This study presents measurements of outdoor and indoor particulate matter and Black Carbon in a typical terraced house in an urban area of Malta. It also analyzed the influence of different household activities on indoor PM2.5 and BC levels, finding that activities such as sweeping and cooking can lead to elevated indoor pollutant concentrations. Given the increasing amount of time people spend at home, identifying and limiting activities that contribute to indoor pollution is crucial to reduce indoor exposure.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Xiayan Huang, Mahyar Panahi-Sarmad, Ke Dong, Ziying Cui, Kanglei Zhang, Orianaisy Gelis Gonzalez, Xueliang Xiao
Summary: In this study, polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane (PLA/TPU) blends with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared by extrusion for 3D printing. The addition of MWCNTs improved the interfacial adhesion and shape recovery response of the blends. It was found that the wave structured PLA/TPU/CNT nanocomposites exhibited enhanced mechanical properties and shape-memory performance.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alejandro Cortes, Andrea Cosola, Marco Sangermano, Monica Campo, Silvia Gonzalez Prolongo, Candido Fabrizio Pirri, Alberto Jimenez-Suarez, Annalisa Chiappone
Summary: The study investigated novel electro-activated shape memory polymer composites (SMPCs) for digital light processing 3D printing, showing how the composition of the photocurable system and the incorporation of CNTs impact the printability and electrical conductivity. By remotely heating the nanocomposite using the Joule effect, a significant electrically-triggered responsiveness was confirmed, enabling a high shape fixity and shape recovery ratio. Additionally, the research demonstrated the feasibility of activating selective shape recovery through electro-activation for potentially creating remotely controllable smart devices in 4D printing.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Bartosz Mikolaj Gackowski, Mohit Sharma, Sridhar Idapalapati
Summary: In this work, a hybrid additive manufacturing process was used to incorporate hybrid buckypapers into an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene matrix. The composites reinforced with hybrid buckypapers showed improved mechanical properties compared to neat ABS, and further improvement was observed after modifying the buckypapers with epoxy or thermoplastic polyurethane binders. The porosity of the composites was reduced after post-treatment, and the microstructure and mechanical properties depended on the weight fraction of binders.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Thiago A. de Assis, Fernado F. Dall'Agnol, Marc Cahay
Summary: Theoretical investigation of field enhancement factor during the growth of semicircular arched carbon nanofibers reveals conditions for optimal FEF and a universal behavior pattern. Arched fibers show advantages over fully looped fibers in field emission devices, particularly in terms of mechanical stability. The effects of electrostatic depolarization in regular arrays of arched fibers are analyzed based on conditions inferred from isolated arch structures.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Bartosz Mikolaj Gackowski, Mohit Sharma, Sridhar Idapalapati
Summary: This paper presents a method for 3D printing self-heating structures by embedding conductive layers in a thermoplastic matrix using a dual-nozzle setup. The method utilizes a suspension of carbon nanotubes and short carbon fibers, which form a thin conductive film after the solvent evaporates. The resistive heater embedded in the structure can generate temperatures up to 200 degrees C and can be controlled by adjusting electrical parameters and modifying the suspension. The results demonstrate that 3D-printed self-heating structures offer better design and multi-material capabilities compared to traditional manufacturing methods, while maintaining Joule heating performance.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Siti Shuhadah Md Saleh, Mohd Firdaus Omar, Hazizan Md Akil, Muhammad Helmi Abdul Kudus, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Andrei Victor Sandu, Petrica Vizureanu, Khairul Anwar Abdul Halim, Mohamad Syahmie Mohamad Rasidi, Syarifah Nuraqmar Syed Mahamud, Ion Sandu, Norlin Nosbi
Summary: This study investigated the effect of hybrid fillers on the mechanical and wear performance of polymer composites. The results showed that the composite filled with a hybrid filler synthesized via chemical vapour deposition method had better wear resistance and lower coefficient of friction compared to the composite filled with a physically hybrid filler. The wear resistance and coefficient of friction of the composites were in the order of HYB composite < PHY composite < pure phenolic under different sliding speeds and applied loads.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peng-Xiang Hou, Feng Zhang, Lili Zhang, Chang Liu, Hui-Ming Cheng
Summary: The FCCVD is an important technique for synthesizing high-quality CNTs with various morphologies, offering advantages of simplicity, controllability, and scalability. Researchers review the controlled growth, properties, and applications of CNTs, discussing key challenges and prospects for the future.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Zixi Zhang, Dong Xiang, Yuanpeng Wu, Jie Zhang, Yaxin Li, Menghan Wang, Zhenyu Li, Chunxia Zhao, Hui Li, Ping Wang, Yuntao Li
Summary: In this study, flexible piezoresistive strain sensors were prepared using thermoplastic polyurethane composites filled with carbon nanotubes and carbon black. The addition of carbon black significantly improved the conductivity and sensitivity of the sensors. The printed sensors were able to detect strains of different magnitudes and frequencies, and the addition of carbon black enhanced the stability of the sensors.
APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ping Wu, Wenshu Yang, Jun Sun, Gaohui Wu
Summary: This paper proposes a novel composite cathode mixing CNTs with metals, which demonstrates a much longer lifetime under high voltage and frequency conditions compared to normal copper cathodes. Microscopic morphology analysis reveals that CNT micro-protrusions and whiskers are crucial for the good emission properties of the new cathode.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Esleane Vilela Vasconcelos, Francilene Belo da Luz, Simone Patricia Aranha da Paz, Marcos Allan Leite dos Reis, Alisson Clay Rios da Silva, Marcele Fonseca Passos, Carlos Augusto Galvao Barboza, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Veronica Scarpini Candido
Summary: The interest in biomaterials and biofabrication technologies for bone regeneration has been increased due to bone involvement caused by aging and accidents. 3D printing technology has become popular in producing scaffolds with complex geometries and interconnected pores. In this study, composite scaffolds made of poly (lactic acid) (PLA), bioglass (BG) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) were produced using 3D printing. The samples were analyzed for their chemical structure, crystallinity, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and cell viability.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Abbas Virji, Laura Kurth
Summary: Peak exposures can overwhelm normal defense mechanisms and induce adverse health effects. The definition and use of peak metrics in epidemiologic and exposure studies lack consensus. Characteristics of peak exposure depend on exposure patterns, biokinetics, and disease mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Eleanor E. Wade, Robert B. Lawrence, Elizabeth D. Arnold, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: The study compared particle transfer and adherence to various substrates with bare human skin, revealing potential under- and over-sampling issues by these substrates. Recommendations were made to use substrates that better reflect human skin characteristics for more accurate exposure assessment.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. E. Lindberg, M. M. Quinn, R. J. Gore, C. J. Galligan, S. R. Sama, N. N. Sheikh, P. K. Markkanen, A. Parker-Vega, N. D. Karlsson, R. F. LeBouf, M. A. Virji
Summary: This study evaluated the airborne concentrations and time profiles of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and chlorine generated during typical bathroom cleaning by home care aides using conventional and green products. Quats-based product generated higher TVOC concentrations compared to bleach-based or green products. Each product rapidly increased TVOC concentrations within the first few minutes of application, with spraying producing the highest exposures. Thirteen aides experienced peak chlorine exposures above the OSHA PEL ceiling limit when using the bleach-based product.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
James Crooks, Margaret M. Mroz, Michael VanDyke, Alison McGrath, Christine Schuler, Erin C. McCanlies, M. Abbas Virji, Kenneth D. Rosenman, Milton Rossman, Carol Rice, Dimitri Monos, Tasha E. Fingerlin, Lisa A. Maier
Summary: The presence of E69 allele is associated with higher risk for CBD and BeS, while increasing exposure decreases the odds of BeS. CBD cases did not show a strong association with exposure, possibly due to limitations in exposure estimates.
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kathleen R. Attfield, Marley Zalay, Leonard M. Zwack, Eric K. Glassford, Ryan F. LeBouf, Barbara L. Materna
Summary: This study investigated the exposure of vape shop workers in the San Francisco Bay Area and found that certain flavoring chemicals in e-liquids may be harmful to the respiratory system. It also revealed that the shops lack health and safety programs for their employees. Additionally, a wide range of other chemicals were detected in the air samples of the shops. Recommendations were provided to improve ventilation, hygiene, and the use of personal protective equipment, as well as to avoid using products containing harmful flavoring chemicals. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term health risks among workers in the vape shop retail industry.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
(2022)
News Item
Oncology
F. Belpoggi, R. C. Cattley, B. Reisfeld, P. Stewart, M. C. Turner, M. Audebert, J. Cox, C. Ge, P. Gustavsson, H. Kaefferlein, L. Lash, A. Lumen, M. Matsumoto, M. T. Munoz-Quezada, C. Peters, M. Purdue, C. Svendsen, A. Virji, M. G. Yakubovskaya, J. Yiin
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Lauren N. Bowers, Gabe Cottrell, Ergin Erdem, Alycia K. Knepp, Stephen B. Martin, Jack Pretty, Matthew G. Duling, Elizabeth D. Arnold, Zachary Wilson, Benjamin Krider, Alyson R. Fortner, Ryan F. LeBouf, M. Abbas Virji, Arif Sirinterlikci
Summary: Fused filament fabrication three-dimensional (FFF 3-D) printing is considered environmentally sustainable, but there may be risks of pollutant releases during plastic recycling. By assessing the released contaminants, it helps demonstrate the sustainability and circular economy potential of FFF 3-D printing in distributed spaces.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Abbas Virji, Kristin J. Cummings, Jean M. Cox-Ganser
Summary: Coffee production is a global industry with workers exposed to complex mixtures of gases, dusts, and vapors, which may lead to respiratory health issues. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health conducted investigations on respiratory abnormalities in 17 coffee facilities in the US, studying exposure characteristics, hazard relationships, and exposure mitigation opportunities.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Callee M. Walsh, Stephen R. Jackson, Notashia N. Baughman, Jason E. Ham, J. R. Wells
Summary: In this study, a personal sampling technique was developed to quantify the concentration of peracetic acid in air samples. The technique demonstrated high specificity and accuracy, and it allowed for longer sampling periods compared to current methods. The use of safer personal sampling materials adds to the utility of this technique.
ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anand Ranpara, Ryan F. LeBouf, Timothy R. Nurkiewicz, Jinghai Yi, Jared L. Cumpston, Aleksandr B. Stefaniak
Summary: The measurement of fine and ultrafine titanium dioxide particles is dependent on the instrument used. There are differences in measurements between toxicological and field investigations due to variations in instruments used, operating parameters, or particle-size measurement ranges. Without appropriate comparison, instrument measurements create a disconnect between toxicological and field investigations.
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lisa Kobos, Kim Anderson, Laura Kurth, Xiaoming Liang, Caroline P. P. Groth, Lucy England, A. Scott Laney, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: This study investigated the use of cleaning and disinfecting products among healthcare facility staff, finding that many occupations reported high glove use. The occupations with high product use frequencies, such as bleach and quaternary ammonium compounds, had higher rates of skin disorders.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lauren N. Bowers, Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Alycia K. Knepp, Ryan F. LeBouf, Stephen B. Jr Jr Martin, Anand C. Ranpara, Dru A. Burns, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: Vat photopolymerization (VP) can emit potentially hazardous particles and gases, impacting indoor air quality. Different tasks and technologies lead to varying concentrations of particles and organic compounds. Careful consideration of tasks is necessary to minimize indoor air pollution and exposure potential.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Lauren N. Bowers, Stephen B. Martin, Duane R. Hammond, Jason E. Ham, J. R. Wells, Alyson R. Fortner, Alycia K. Knepp, Sonette du Preez, Jack R. Pretty, Jennifer L. Roberts, Johan L. du Plessis, Austin Schmidt, Matthew G. Duling, Andrew Bader, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: Extrusion of high-melt-temperature polymers on large-format additive manufacturing machines can release particles and gases, some of which may have negative implications for human health, therefore further exposure and risk assessments are necessary. The study found that harmful substances like BPA and BPS could be spread through the air and contaminate work surfaces during the extrusion process.
ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Lauren N. Bowers, Stephen B. Martin, Duane R. Hammond, Jason E. Ham, J. R. Wells, Alyson R. Fortner, Alycia K. Knepp, Sonette du Preez, Jack R. Pretty, Jennifer L. Roberts, Johan L. du Plessis, Austin Schmidt, Matthew G. Duling, Andrew Bader, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: The study showed that extrusion of ABS, PC, and other high-melt-temperature polymers by LFAM machines released significant levels of particulate and volatile organic compounds, warranting consideration of engineering controls.
ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY
(2021)