Review
Environmental Sciences
Arup Bhattacharya, Mohammad Saleh Nikoopayan Tak, Shervin Shoai-Naini, Fred Betz, Ehsan Mousavi
Summary: Cleanroom ventilation systems have been well-established, but the advantages and limitations of current practices need further examination. This study provides a comprehensive review of the history of cleanroom ventilation systems, ventilation rate specifications, terminologies, and scientific studies correlating ventilation effectiveness with air change rates. The aim is to understand the role of ventilation in particle transport mechanisms and assess existing recommendations for their scientific basis and potential risks.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ying Zhang, Ou Han, Angui Li, Li'an Hou, Thomas Olofsson, Linhua Zhang, Wenjun Lei
Summary: This paper proposes the application of adaptive wall-based attachment ventilation in isolation wards, which provides a direct supply of fresh air to the occupied zone. Through evaluation based on contaminants dispersion, removal efficiency, thermal comfort, and operating expense, it shows that adaptive wall-based attachment ventilation achieves a lower concentration of contaminants compared to other air supply modes, while maintaining similar thermal comfort and contaminant removal efficiency.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vasileios N. Matthaios, Roy M. Harrison, Petros Koutrakis, William J. Bloss
Summary: This study assessed the levels of in-vehicle NO2 and PM2.5, and developed sGAMM models to investigate the factors influencing in-vehicle exposures. The study found that on-road air pollution was the most important predictor, accounting for 22.3% and 30% of NO2 and PM2.5 variability, respectively. Vehicle and driving-related parameters also had an impact on in-vehicle exposure, and it can be reduced by adjusting ventilation settings and choosing appropriate cabin air filters.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Su, Zhengtao Ai, Jing Liu, Bin Yang, Faming Wang
Summary: Ventilation is crucial for maintaining good indoor air quality (IAQ), but inadequate ventilation is a common problem in many buildings due to the lack of natural or mechanical ventilation. Chinese guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic recommend opening windows for natural ventilation in rooms without mechanical systems. This study examines the effectiveness of this method and explores the relationship between ventilation duration, frequency, and IAQ under different air change rates. The findings suggest that an acceptable IAQ can be achieved with recommended ventilation frequency when the air change rate is equal to or greater than 6 times per hour.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mostafa El-Salamony, Ahmed Moharam, Amr Guaily, Mohammed A. Boraey
Summary: The study investigates the impact of fresh air change rates inside passengers' wagons for Underground Metro on airborne diseases like COVID-19. It was found that open windows are favored to decrease infection spreading potential and higher air change rates can also help reduce transmission.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yang Yang, Yali Zhang, Fan Liu, Yi Wang, Qingfeng Cao, Jia-Ning Fan, Yuming Zhang, Hu Chen
Summary: This study numerically investigates the distribution of sulfuric droplets under two typical general ventilation modes and discusses the effects of evaporation, initial droplet size, air change rate, and outdoor climatic parameters on droplet removal. The results provide a foundation for accurately predicting the distribution of sulfuric droplets in industrial plants and optimizing ventilation.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alo Mikola, Anti Hamburg, Kalle Kuusk, Targo Kalamees, Hendrik Voll, Jarek Kurnitski
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of ventilation requirements set in the conditions of a renovation grant on indoor environment through field measurements. The results showed that proper renovation measures can improve indoor air quality and air change rate. Room-based ventilation requirements, heat recovery and preheating measures, as well as inspection of design documentation ensured adequate ventilation and IAQ in the renovation process.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Obula Reddy Kummitha, R. Vijay Kumar, V. Murali Krishna
Summary: The computational fluid dynamics analysis of a building plan focused on the predominant wind velocity for different wind directions. The study modeled the variation of flow properties, turbulence distribution, and flow characteristics using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations and various turbulence models, ultimately identifying optimal ventilation performance when the wind is coming from the west direction.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mantong Jin, Shunfei Zhang, Jiaqi He, Zhuhao Lu, Shanshan Zhou, Nanxi Ye
Summary: The study investigated PBDE contamination in the microenvironment of family automobiles in Hangzhou City, China. Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was found to be the major component, primarily sourced from volatile polyurethanes in seat covers and foot pads. Infants and toddlers were most exposed to PBDEs, with BDE-47 and -99 posing the primary health risks.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kang Chen
Summary: This article addresses the issue of determining ventilation rates for occupational health risk control. It provides guidance for selecting the appropriate ventilation rate and introduces relevant regulations and tools. Additionally, it discusses the emerging DNA-based aerosol tracing technology.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tessa Kvist Hansen
Summary: Naturally ventilated cold attics are traditional in many Danish single-family homes, with the moisture balance dependent on sufficient ventilation. Airtight ceilings are vital for reducing excess moisture and preventing mould growth and health risks. The study highlights the importance of airtight ceilings for both dwelling and attic performance.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Valerii Deshko, Inna Bilous, Iryna Sukhodub, Olena Yatsenko
Summary: This study shows that in a typical Ukrainian apartment, scheduled ventilation approach can reduce energy consumption more effectively compared to fixed air exchange rate approach. Scheduled ventilation reduces energy use by about 25% on weekends and increases energy use by about 50% on weekdays, depending on the air change rates during occupancy and outdoor temperature at night. Efficient ventilation approach is scheduled with increased flow rate during occupied hours for better indoor air quality.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Se-yeon Lee, Lak-yeong Choi, Jinseon Park, Kehinde Favour Daniel, Se-woon Hong, Kyeongseok Kwon, Okhwa Hwang
Summary: This study evaluated ventilation rates and efficiency in research-scale pig houses with different inlet and exhaust configurations. The results showed that certain combinations performed better in terms of ventilation rates, but the actual rates were lower than expected. The study found that the side exhaust fan closer to the pig activity area was more effective in providing fresh air, and the ceiling inlet had better air distribution. This study highlights the importance of choosing the right ventilation setup for a healthy environment for both pigs and workers.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianmin Fang, Xiang Yin, Anci Wang, Xifeng Sun, Yuxuan Liu, Feng Cao
Summary: The experimental study demonstrated that improving the effectiveness of internal heat exchangers can enhance the performance of the CO2 mobile air conditioning system, but the enhancement decreases with increasing heat exchanger efficiency. The compressor and gas cooler are the main components in the system that contribute to energy losses.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xuemin Sui, Zhongjie Tian, Huitao Liu, Hao Chen, Dong Wang
Summary: This study investigated indoor air quality under different ventilation modes in a new residential building in Xi'an, China. Mechanical ventilation was found to effectively reduce the impact of haze weather on indoor PM2.5 concentration, but the control of CO2 concentration needs improvement. The study provides guidance for the optimization of residential mechanical ventilation systems.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jing Xiong, Sarah Carter, Ollie Jay, Edward Arens, Hui Zhang, Max Deuble, Richard de Dear
Summary: A field study conducted in office settings in Sydney found that female office workers aged over 40 or 50 or younger perceived warmer sensations and preferred cooler thermal environments. Women in the perimenopausal age range expressed higher thermal dissatisfaction compared to a reference group, potentially due to menopausal symptoms impacting their thermoregulatory system.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jing Hou, Yuexia Sun, Yangrui Song, Jungsoo Kim, Thomas Parkinson, Richard de Dear
Summary: This study conducted a field research on adaptive comfort behaviors in residential buildings in Tianjin, China. Results showed that adjusting clothing insulation is crucial for achieving thermal comfort, and different thermally adaptive behaviors are adopted by occupants based on outdoor temperatures, such as using windows or turning on air conditioning.
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Brett Pollard, Lina Engelen, Fabian Held, Richard de Dear
Summary: By using activity space estimation method and kernel density estimation method, researchers can measure and compare spatial movement behaviors of office workers and identify the locations where these behaviors occur, providing important data for further investigation on the influence of environmental characteristics on behaviors.
APPLIED ERGONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp, Thomas Parkinson, Jungsoo Kim, Jorn Toftum, Richard de Dear
Summary: Occupants' thermal sensitivity affects comfort temperature and adaptive comfort models, and varies according to building ventilation type and geographic region.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wenjie Ji, Richard de Dear, Jungsoo Kim, Yingxin Zhu, Bin Cao, Shuli Liu
Summary: The study found that the thermal preference of Chinese female migrants in Australia was influenced by their recent climatic exposure, and it takes about 1 week to adapt from a cold climate to a hot climate.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mahsan Sadeghi, Timothy Chaston, Ivan Hanigan, Richard de Dear, Mattheos Santamouris, Bin Jalaludin, Geoffrey G. Morgan
Summary: This study develops a novel method to quantify the benefits of green infrastructure on urban heat balance and population mortality. The results demonstrate that green infrastructure can cool urban environments and reduce heatwave-related mortality.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kun Lyu, Richard de Dear, Arianna Brambilla, Anastasia Globa
Summary: The experience of nature has psychological benefits and incorporating natural elements in workplaces can improve productivity and well-being. However, the role of thermal perception in psychological restoration has been overlooked. This study found a significant association between thermal pleasure and restorative benefits in semi-outdoor workplace environments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shujie Yan, Jing Xiong, Jungsoo Kim, Richard de Dear
Summary: This study proposes a method to assess sleeping thermal environment by modifying and converting an existing model, which has been validated through practical application. The research findings provide guidance for developing optimal bedroom temperature control strategies to enhance sleep thermal comfort.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jungsoo Kim, Jihye Ryu, Bongchan Jeong, Richard de Dear
Summary: This paper investigates the semantic issues of the seven-point thermal sensation scale and finds that the translations into Korean significantly diverge from the original English version. The study calls for a more systematic investigation into the linguistic dimensions of the scale to support consistent and standardized translations.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
N. Nazarian, E. S. Krayenhoff, B. Bechtel, D. M. Hondula, R. Paolini, J. Vanos, T. Cheung, W. T. L. Chow, R. de Dear, O. Jay, J. K. W. Lee, A. Martilli, A. Middel, L. K. Norford, M. Sadeghi, S. Schiavon, M. Santamouris
Summary: Urban overheating, driven by global climate change and urban development, poses a major challenge to urban livability and sustainability. Comprehensive assessments and interdisciplinary measures are needed to address this issue.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yichen Yu, Richard de Dear
Summary: The superimposition of global warming on urban heat islands highlights the importance of outdoor cooling infrastructure for the walkability of cities. This study compared the discomfort experienced during intermittent exercise in outdoor heat to the charging of a capacitor, and provided estimates of the intensity and duration of cooling respite required by pedestrians in overheated urban climates.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Marika Vellei, Richard de Dear, Jerome Le Dreau, Jerome Nicolle, Manon Rendu, Marc Abadie, Ghislain Michaux, Maxime Doya
Summary: This paper investigates the physiological and subjective responses of male and female adults to thermal conditions and finds that females have stronger and faster responses to cooling compared to males. These perceptual differences can be explained by variations in skin temperature rather than gender. Additionally, the participants' body mass index and age also influence the variability of thermal perception.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bongchan Jeong, Jungsoo Kim, Dong Chen, Richard de Dear
Summary: Studies on modelling residential occupant behaviour have gained popularity, but average behaviour profiles are insufficient for accurately predicting energy consumption. This study aims to develop a model that incorporates the diversity of occupants' behaviours and accurately predicts air-conditioning usage in residential settings. Field observations and simulations were conducted, demonstrating the model's predictive skill.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kun Lyu, Arianna Brambilla, Anastasia Globa, Richard de Dear
Summary: Thermal experiences in outdoor and semi-outdoor environments have a significant impact on people's overall nature experience and restorative benefits. This research compares the differences in thermal pleasure, adaptive behaviours, and restorative benefits between Chinese and Australian cultural groups in identical semi-outdoor environments. The study found that Chinese participants generally felt thermally unpleasant and engaged in sunlight avoidance behaviours, while Australian participants felt thermally pleasant and engaged in sunlight maximising behaviours. Access to shade as an adaptive opportunity can potentially reduce cultural differences in thermal pleasure and restorative benefits resulting from outdoor exposures.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sarah Carter, Nicole T. Vargas, Richard de Dear, Kirsten I. Black, Ollie Jay
Summary: The study compared the ambient temperature thresholds for warm thermal discomfort, thermal unacceptability, and preference for cooler environment between post- and pre-menopausal women at different metabolic rates. The results showed that while a higher metabolic rate led to a lower air temperature threshold for warm thermal discomfort, there was no difference in this threshold between pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women, regardless of metabolic rate. However, post-menopausal women reported an environment to be unacceptably warm and expressed a preference for a cooler temperature at a lower ambient and forehead skin temperature.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
