Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Donghui Zhu, Axel Montagne, Zhen Zhao
Summary: AD is a neurodegenerative disease, with studies showing gender differences in risk and progression. The higher risk and progression of AD in women are largely attributed to distinct biological mechanisms, such as deviations in brain structure and biomarkers, psychosocial stress responses, genetic background, and more.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rob Molenberg, Chris H. L. Thio, Marlien W. Aalbers, Maarten Uyttenboogaart, Susanna C. Larsson, Mark K. Bakker, Ynte M. Ruigrok, Harold Snieder, J. Marc C. van Dijk
Summary: Using a 2-sample MR study, we found that genetic predisposition to elevated SHBG levels, with secondary lower BioT levels, is associated with an increased risk of aSAH in women.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joshua R. Smith, Randal J. Thomas, Amanda R. Bonikowske, Shane M. Hammer, Thomas P. Olson
Summary: This article reviews the sex differences in outpatient phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programming, including CR participation rates, core components, and barriers to participation. Strategies to mitigate these disparities are discussed, along with areas for future research.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cameron B. Haas, Li Hsu, Johanna W. Lampe, Karen J. Wernli, Sara Lindstrom
Summary: The genetic architectures of circulating concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, and SHBG were investigated in women of European and African ancestry by menopausal status. Specific loci were identified that showed heterogeneity by menopausal status for testosterone and SHBG, with a more prominent role of genetic variants near genes expressed in adipose tissue in determining testosterone concentrations among postmenopausal women.
Review
Oncology
Hui Zeng, Zhuoyu Yang, Jiang Li, Yan Wen, Zheng Wu, Yadi Zheng, Yiwen Yu, Yongjie Xu, Shugeng Gao, Fengwei Tan, Ni Li, Qi Xue, Jie He
Summary: The meta-analysis shows a significant association between higher levels of sex steroid hormone exposure and decreased risk of female lung cancer, especially among non-smoking women. It suggests that surveillance of sex steroid hormones could identify high-risk populations for lung cancer.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zixin Cai, Jiaxin Zhong, Yingling Jiang, Jingjing Zhang
Summary: This study summarizes the correlation between sex hormone levels and COVID-19. The findings suggest that COVID-19 patients have lower levels of T/LH, FSH/LH, and SHBG, and higher levels of LH and E-2/T. These findings may be helpful in evaluating the severity of COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zorimar Rivera-Nunez, Carolyn W. Kinkade, Leena Khoury, Jessica Brunner, Hannah Murphy, Christina Wang, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Richard K. Miller, Thomas G. O'Connor, Emily S. Barrett
Summary: The study found that maternal serum levels of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are associated with sex steroid hormone levels during pregnancy. Specifically, PFHxS is associated with increased testosterone levels in male fetuses, while PFNA and PFDA are associated with increased free testosterone levels in male fetuses. For female fetuses, PFHxS is associated with increased levels of estradiol and estriol. No associations were found for PFOS and PFOA.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sandra India-Aldana, Andrew G. Rundle, Tess V. Clendenen, James W. Quinn, Alan A. Arslan, Yelena Afanasyeva, Karen L. Koenig, Mengling Liu, Kathryn M. Neckerman, Lorna E. Thorpe, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Yu Chen
Summary: The study found that neighborhood walkability is associated with lower levels of androgens and estrone, and increased SHBG in postmenopausal women, as well as lower levels of DHEAS in premenopausal women. It is important to note that the associations were more pronounced in postmenopausal women.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Peruzzu, Maria Luisa Dupuis, Marina Pierdominici, Katia Fecchi, Maria Cristina Gagliardi, Elena Ortona, Maria Teresa Pagano
Summary: This study investigated the different effects of calcitriol in modulating T cell immunity of age-matched male and female healthy donors. The results showed that calcitriol increased vitamin D receptor expression levels and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels in T lymphocytes of both sexes. Furthermore, calcitriol only increased the expression level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in T lymphocytes from female healthy donors. These findings provide new insights into the sex-specific anti-inflammatory role of calcitriol in T cell immunity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Raza Tokatli, Leuconoe Grazia Sisti, Eleonora Marziali, Lorenza Nachira, Maria Francesca Rossi, Carlotta Amantea, Umberto Moscato, Walter Malorni
Summary: This article provides a broad review of the role of hormone regulation in gender medicine and gender differences across key clinical areas. The study highlights the influence of sex differences in immune response, cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, cancer, and COVID-19. It also emphasizes the importance of gender implications in occupational health and health policy, calling for more personalized clinical medicine and public health approaches.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elena Tessitore, Kevin Dobretz, Nasser Abdalla Dhayat, Ilse Kern, Belen Ponte, Menno Pruijm, Daniel Ackermann, Sandrine Estoppey, Michel Burnier, Pierre-Yves Martin, Bruno Vogt, Nicolas Vuilleumier, Murielle Bochud, Francois Mach, Georg Ehret
Summary: The study assessed the effect of endogenous steroid hormone metabolites on Lp(a) levels and found that the impact of endogenous hormone levels on Lp(a) variability was small at best, suggesting a negligible influence on the wide range of Lp(a) variability.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zorimar Rivera-Nunez, Megan Hansel, Camila Capurro, Danielle Kozlosky, Christina Wang, Cathleen L. Doherty, Brian Buckley, Pamela Ohman-Strickland, Richard K. Miller, Thomas G. O'Connor, Lauren M. Aleksunes, Emily S. Barrett
Summary: This study found that cadmium exposure during pregnancy may lead to lower testosterone levels in pregnant women, while estrogen levels remain unchanged. This effect may be stronger in pregnancies carrying female fetuses. Further research is needed to understand how alterations in gestational testosterone activity may impact pregnancy and child health.
Article
Oncology
Lei Zhang, JinFeng Wu, QiuMei Wu, XiangJuan Zhang, ShuaiCai Lin, WanLi Ran, Li Zhu, ChengYan Tang, Xing Wang
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death. The mechanisms behind male propensity in HCC incidence, prognosis, and treatment responses are complex and inconclusive. This review integrates current knowledge on how hormones regulate HCC development in a sexually dimorphic manner. Understanding the role of sex hormones in HCC may lead to personalized therapeutic strategies in high-risk populations.
Article
Oncology
Aayah Nounu, Siddhartha P. Kar, Caroline L. Relton, Rebecca C. Richmond
Summary: This study used a Mendelian randomization analysis and found that increased levels of testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), and other sex steroid hormones are associated with higher risk of ER+ breast cancer.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Kristen M. Culbert, Katharine N. Thakkar, Kelly L. Klump
Summary: This narrative review examines the theories behind the heightened risk for psychosis in midlife women and looks at the potential role of ovarian hormones. Studies indicate that the peak ages of midlife psychosis risk in women overlap with the age range of key menopausal stages, especially the perimenopausal transition. However, there is a lack of direct research on menopausal stage. Studies on ovarian hormone effects have mostly focused on earlier developmental stages and events, showing increases in psychotic symptoms during periods of lower estradiol levels. Future research is needed to fill the gaps in our knowledge.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Faustino R. Perez-Lopez, Maria T. Lopez-Baena, Gonzalo Perez-Roncero, Pena Dieste-Perez, Ricardo Saviron-Cornudella, Mauricio Tajada
Summary: Based on the findings of this study, female sexual function showed a decline during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic compared to before the pandemic, indicating an increased risk of female sexual dysfunction. There were increased risks of sexual arousal, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain disorders. However, there were no significant differences in the desire and lubrication domains.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Faustino R. Perez-Lopez, Ricardo Saviron-Cornudella, Peter Chedraui, Maria T. Lopez-Baena, Gonzalo Perez-Roncero, Ana Sanz-Arenal, Marta Narvaez-Salazar, Pena Dieste-Perez, Mauricio Tajada
Summary: This meta-analysis compared obstetric and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with laboratory-tested SARS-CoV-2 infection before delivery. The results showed that pregnant women with a positive PCR test had a higher risk of delivering at an earlier gestational age, preeclampsia, NICU admissions, stillbirths, and perinatal mortality.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessandro D. Genazzani, Christian Battipaglia, Tabatha Petrillo, Nicola Piacquadio, Fedora Ambrosetti, Melania Arnesano, Elisa Semprini, Alessandra Sponzilli, Veronica Tomatis, Tommaso Simoncini
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a syndrome characterized by 2 out of 3 established criteria. Recently, insulin resistance (IR) has become a focus of attention. In this study, overweight/obese PCOS patients were treated with DCI and ALA for 3 months, and it was found that this treatment improved hormonal, metabolic profiles, and liver function.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Faustino R. R. Perez-Lopez, Junhua Yuan, Manuel Sanchez-Prieto, Maria T. Lopez-Baena, Gonzalo R. R. Perez-Roncero, Seshadri Reddy Varikasuvu
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the levels of maternal and cord blood betatrophin in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normoglycemic controls. The results showed that women with GDM had higher levels of betatrophin in the second half of pregnancy compared to the normoglycemic controls. Additionally, women with GDM also had increased levels of insulin, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and body mass index.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Faustino R. Perez-Lopez, Maria T. Lopez-Baena, Gonzalo R. Perez-Roncero, Peter Chedraui, Seshadri Reddy Varikasuvu, Pascual Garcia-Alfaro
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the evidence on circulating asprosin and related hormones and metabolites in women with and without PCOS. Eight studies were evaluated, and the results showed that women with PCOS had significantly higher levels of circulating asprosin compared to those without PCOS.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice Antonelli, Andrea Giannini, Peter Chedraui, Patrizia Monteleone, Marta Caretto, Alessandro D. Genazzani, Paolo Mannella, Tommaso Simoncini, Andrea R. Genazzani
Summary: Depressive disorders and anxiety states are common in women during vulnerable periods, and sex hormones play a key role in the development of these disorders by affecting neuronal plasticity and mood regulation.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
E. Russo, G. Misasi, M. M. Montt-Guevara, A. Giannini, T. Simoncini
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ospemifene on OAB symptoms in postmenopausal women with vulvovaginal atrophy. The results showed that ospemifene treatment can reduce OAB symptoms, decrease bladder sensitivity, and improve quality of life.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
F. R. Perez-Lopez, A. M. Fernandez-Alonso, E. Mezones-Holguin, P. Vieira-Baptista
Summary: This review examines the clinical associations between specific low genitourinary tract clinical conditions in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women living with HIV. Despite appropriate antiretroviral therapy, these women may experience menstrual dysfunction, vaginal microbiome alterations, vaginal dryness, low sexual function, and increased risks of certain cancers and infections. Furthermore, menstrual dysfunction and early menopause could contribute to a higher risk of vascular atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. It is important to manage these risks and complications related to hormone dysfunction and early menopause in WLHIV.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
S. Palacios, R. E. Nappi, M. J. Cancelo, S. Sanchez, T. Simoncini
Summary: Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) is a chronic condition in postmenopausal women, with underdiagnosis and undertreatment. Treatment options for moderate to severe VVA include local estrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and oral ospemifene. A 5-year post-authorization safety study (PASS) was conducted to study the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in women receiving ospemifene. The results of the study led to regulatory changes in the labeling of ospemifene, expanding its indication and removing risk management measures.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Santiago Palacios
Summary: VVA is a chronic and progressive disease that affects sexuality and quality of life. It can be prevented and treated through long-term and sequential treatment. Current therapeutic options include over-the-counter topical products, hormone therapy, and prescribed medications. However, adherence is low due to concerns about efficacy, long-term estrogen use, and treatment cost.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Amerigo Ferrari, Giaele Moretti, Ilaria Corazza, Paolo Mannella, Tommaso Simoncini, Manila Bonciani
Summary: This study aims to assess the coverage of influenza and Tdap vaccines during pregnancy, explore predictors of vaccination related to socioeconomic and maternity pathways, and identify specific patterns of vaccination uptake. The results showed that pertussis vaccine had a higher coverage than influenza vaccine. High socioeconomic status, attending private gynecologists, and receiving vaccine information were the main predictors of vaccination. Three vaccination clusters were identified, and it is recommended that health workers and policymakers focus on pregnant women who are less likely to be vaccinated to promote vaccine information and encourage wider uptake.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Tommaso Simoncini, Andrea Panattoni, Mustafa Aktas, Jozef Ampe, Cornelia Betschart, Alexander L. A. Bloemendaal, Stephan Buse, Giuseppe Campagna, Marta Caretto, Mauro Cervigni, Esther C. J. Consten, Hugo H. Davila, Jean Dubuisson, Eloy Espin-Basany, Bernardina Fabiani, Jean-Luc Faucheron, Andrea Giannini, Brooke Gurland, Dieter Hahnloser, Ralf Joukhadar, Paolo Mannella, Liliana Mereu, Jacopo Martellucci, Guillaume Meurette, Maria Magdalena Montt Guevara, Carlo Ratto, Barry A. O'Reilly, Christl Reisenauer, Eleonora Russo, Steven Schraffordt Koops, Shahab Siddiqi, Alessandro Sturiale, Gabriele Naldini
Summary: This study aimed to address the role of robotic pelvic floor reconstructive procedures through expert opinion. The results showed that robotic surgery has significant technical advantages over standard laparoscopy and is particularly important for complex reconstructive procedures, although benefits can be found in less challenging cases as well. However, more research is needed to objectively assess the specific settings where robotic surgery would provide the most benefit.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sandra C. Sanchez-Zarza, Anastasia K. Armeni, Peter Chedraui, Faustino R. Perez-Lopez, Antonio W. D. Gavilanes
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and factors related to severity in mid-aged women. The results showed that menopausal symptoms were related to hormonal, sexual and other female aspects.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Amerigo Ferrari, Paolo Mannella, Alessia Caputo, Tommaso Simoncini, Manila Bonciani
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of pregnancy-related urinary incontinence (UI) and its related risk factors, with a focus on women's characteristics related to maternity pathway utilization. The study utilized patient-reported data obtained from a systematic survey conducted in Tuscany, Italy. The results showed that the prevalence of UI ranged from 4.4% in the first trimester to 23.7% in the third trimester. Older, overweight/obese, and unemployed women had a higher occurrence and severity of UI. Factors such as high-risk pregnancy, discomfort during pregnancy, mode of delivery, and pregnancy examinations were found to be associated with the risk of UI. Performing pelvic-floor-muscle training during pregnancy was found to be protective against UI.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Faustino R. Perez-Lopez, Maria T. Lopez-Baena, Juan R. Ulloque-Badaracco, Vicente A. Benites-Zapata
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess telomere length in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normoglycemic pregnant women (NPW) and their infants. The findings showed no significant differences in maternal and offspring telomere length between pregnancies with and without GDM.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)