Article
Environmental Sciences
Wanxuan Yao, Karin F. Kvale, Wolfgang Koeve, Angela Landolfi, Eric Achterberg, Erin M. Bertrand, Andreas Oschlies
Summary: This study used three biogeochemical models to investigate the changes in marine nitrogen cycle under a high CO2 emissions future scenario. The representation of iron had a significant impact on global nitrogen fixation, especially in the Eastern boundary upwelling zones, where bottom-up control of iron limitation played a key role in reducing export production with warming.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Laurel K. ThomasArrigo, Ruben Kretzschmar
Summary: Soils in Iceland have abundant SRO iron minerals and aluminosilicates. Microbial reduction of iron and increased soil solution pH occur under anoxic conditions. Soils with SRO iron minerals undergo more extensive iron reduction. Colloids persist during re-oxidation and new iron mineral phases are formed.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Markus G. Donat
Summary: Climate models provide accurate forecasts of warm ocean temperatures, which can guide decision-making in marine industries and conservation efforts. These models can predict seasonal anomalies in ocean temperatures.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Camille Richon, Alessandro Tagliabue
Summary: Recycling by zooplankton is an important process in the upper ocean, influenced by various factors. The response of micronutrient recycling to climate change is complex, with different drivers playing a role in different regions. Regional changes in recycling rates and stoichiometry under climate change highlight the potential for novel feedbacks in surface ocean biogeochemistry.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Armineh Barkhordarian, David Marcolino Nielsen, Johanna Baehr
Summary: According to the study, the recent marine heatwaves and long-term warming pool in the northeast Pacific were caused by elevated greenhouse gases levels, which may lead to more severe marine heatwave events in the future.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Julien Arsenault, Julie Talbot, Lee E. Brown, Manuel Helbig, Joseph Holden, Jorge Hoyos-Santillan, Emilie Jolin, Roy Mackenzie, Karla Martinez-Cruz, Armando Sepulveda-Jauregui, Jean-Francois Lapierre
Summary: Peatland pools are dynamic aquatic ecosystems that contribute to biogeochemical cycles, but their response to environmental change is poorly understood. This study analyzed pool biogeochemical data from multiple locations to determine the drivers of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus dynamics in peatland pools. Climate and terrain were found to explain variations in pool biogeochemistry, with climate driving spatial differences in dissolved organic carbon concentration. The study also demonstrated the reactivity of peatland pools to local and global environmental change. These findings highlight the importance of understanding and monitoring peatland pool dynamics as potential climate sentinels.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Camilla W. Stjern, Piers M. Forster, Hailing Jia, Caroline Jouan, Matthew R. Kasoar, Gunnar Myhre, Dirk Olivie, Johannes Quaas, Bjorn H. Samset, Maria Sand, Toshihiro Takemura, Apostolos Voulgarakis, Christopher D. Wells
Summary: In this study, the response of key climate quantities to changes in greenhouse gases or aerosols is investigated using six global climate models. The results show that ocean temperature changes become evident after a couple of months, while rapid reductions in precipitation occur instantly and stabilize within a few days. The magnitude of precipitation response gradually increases for carbon dioxide and sulfate, and switches from negative to positive after 2 years for carbon dioxide. Rapid cloud adjustments are typically established within the first 24 hours, and the geographical pattern of cloud change is present after the first year. Overall, our work highlights the similarity of major processes and responses simulated by current global models, indicating the robustness of simulated responses to historical and future forcing.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christoph Heinze, Thorsten Blenckner, Helena Martins, Dagmara Rusiecka, Ralf Doscher, Marion Gehlen, Nicolas Gruber, Elisabeth Holland, Oystein Hov, Fortunat Joos, John Brian Robin Matthews, Rolf Rodven, Simon Wilson
Summary: Anthropogenic climate change has profound effects on ocean environmental conditions, impacting marine ecosystems in ways that may be difficult to reverse. Identifying, monitoring, and preventing these changes, including tipping points, is an ongoing research effort that requires feasible mitigation strategies based on research. Addressing high-probability high-impact ocean tipping points in combination with gradual changes is crucial to prevent compounding negative impacts on society and the Earth system.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Logan A. Tegler, Alyssa M. Sherry, Pierre Herckes, Stephen J. Romaniello, Ariel D. Anbar
Summary: Iron (Fe) is an important micronutrient in marine ecosystems, but its deficiency can limit productivity and carbon sequestration. Recent studies show that biomass burning contributes to Fe input in the ocean. However, our research finds that only a small percentage of Fe is aerosolized from burned plant matter, with the majority coming from soil particles.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jessica N. Fitzsimmons, Tim M. Conway
Summary: The micronutrient iron is crucial in determining the primary production in the global ocean. Understanding the sources, sinks, and internal cycling processes of iron is essential to comprehend its role in the global carbon cycle and climate change. Iron isotopic analysis in seawater has proved to be an effective tool in identifying iron sources and studying biogeochemical processes. This review provides a summary of the different iron source fluxes and their isotopic signatures, as well as the potential of iron isotopes in studying internal oceanic cycling of iron.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Yang, Catherine M. O'Reilly, John R. Gardner, Matthew R. Ross, Simon N. Topp, Jida Wang, Tamlin M. Pavelsky
Summary: This study used satellite images to determine the distribution of the modal water color of 85,360 representative lakes worldwide. The results showed a bimodal distribution of blue and non-blue lakes, with climate and lake morphology influencing the lake color. This study provides a critical baseline for understanding lake responses to global environmental change.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cara C. M. Manning, Zhiyin Zheng, Lindsay Fenwick, Ross D. McCulloch, Ellen Damm, Robert W. Izett, William J. Williams, Sarah Zimmermann, Svein Vagle, Philippe D. Tortell
Summary: The North American Arctic Ocean has a negligible impact on global methane and nitrous oxide budgets, with sediments and water column consumption being significant sources of methane in the region. Rivers do not play a significant role in methane and nitrous oxide concentrations in the Arctic Ocean.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Salvador E. Lluch-Cota, Pablo del Monte-Luna, Helen J. Gurney-Smith
Summary: Climate change necessitates adaptive measures in food production systems, particularly in marine fisheries. Incremental adaptation has proven to be insufficient, thus transformative adaptation offers an opportunity for a timely transition towards climate-resilient conditions. Transformative adaptation in fisheries, taking into account past non climate change-oriented deep transformations and the unique attributes of marine fisheries, should be implemented locally and regionally but designed globally. Two transformational options are proposed: prioritizing food security and adopting a climate-responsive ecosystem approach for fisheries management. Successful adoption hinges on addressing scientific uncertainty, political will, risk perception, regulatory processes, and financial costs through international cooperation, information flow, stewardship mechanisms, and traceable compliance evidence.
CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Karley Campbell, Ilkka Matero, Christopher Bellas, Thomas Turpin-Jelfs, Philipp Anhaus, Martin Graeve, Francois Fripiat, Martyn Tranter, Jack Christopher Landy, Patricia Sanchez-Baracaldo, Eva Leu, Christian Katlein, C. J. Mundy, Soren Rysgaard, Letizia Tedesco, Christian Haas, Marcel Nicolaus
Summary: Sea ice in the Arctic is declining, leading to younger and more dynamic ice that impacts microbial habitats and resource provision. Filling knowledge gaps surrounding sea ice habitats and their microbial communities is crucial in the face of climate change. Developing new methodologies to effectively study these ecosystems is essential for sustainable use and protection of Arctic marine and coastal ecosystems.
Article
Oceanography
Matias M. Gonzalez Hernandez, Carmelo J. Leon, Carmen Garcia, Yen E. Lam-Gonzalez
Summary: This study aims to assess the climate-related risk of marine habitat degradation to coastal and marine tourism using a blended methods approach. The results show that adaptive capacity is the most relevant factor in explaining the level of risk. The study captures islands' heterogeneities and provides insights for collaborative policy-design.
OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Caroline White, Simon J. Ussher, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Sov Atkinson, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, Mingxi Yang, Thomas G. Bell
Summary: The study found that dry deposition of nitrogen and phosphorus from aerosols could be a significant source of nutrients for marine surface waters, especially when influenced by polluted air masses. Aerosol-derived nitrogen was identified as a major driver of surface ocean biological productivity, while phosphorus deposition was found to have a limited impact on biological activity in the region.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lise Artigue, Neil J. Wyatt, Francois Lacan, Claire Mahaffey, Maeve C. Lohan
Summary: New dissolved aluminum (dAl) data from the 2017 GEOTRACES process study GApr08 show an east to west increase in dAl concentration in the surface waters along 22 degrees N in the subtropical North Atlantic. Results indicate that advection, dust dissolution, and erosion products from the Lesser Antilles contribute to dAl sources, while scavenging, water mass transport, and internal dAl inputs play important roles in dAl removal and distribution in the North Atlantic Ocean. Taking advection into consideration is crucial for understanding the impact of external sources and dissolved-particulate interactions on the Al cycle.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
E. Cerdan-Garcia, A. Baylay, D. Polyviou, E. M. S. Woodward, L. Wrightson, C. Mahaffey, M. C. Lohan, C. M. Moore, T. S. Bibby, J. C. Robidart
Summary: The study demonstrates how Trichodesmium acclimates to resource availability by upregulating iron-stress biomarker genes with decreasing Fe availability and upregulating genes involved in the acquisition of diverse P sources with decreasing P availability. Enhanced N-2 fixation within the Fe and P co-stressed transition region was associated with a distinct metabolic profile, suggesting unique physiological responses to exploit the Fe and P co-limited niche.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kechen Zhu, Antony J. Birchill, Angela Milne, Simon Ussher, Matthew P. Humphreys, Nealy Carr, Claire Mahaffey, Maeve C. Lohan, Eric P. Achterberg, Martha Gledhill
Summary: Using a combined ion pairing - organic matter speciation model, this study predicted the organic complexation of iron in the Celtic Sea, optimized through comparison with experimental results and simulated titrations. The results suggest that dissolved organic carbon concentrations in marine waters may not significantly impact the heterogeneity or concentrations of Fe binding sites, with implications for understanding the dissolved Fe inventory in the ocean. The study also calculated Fe solubility under ambient conditions in the Celtic Sea, showing that the interaction between Fe solubility and binding by organic matter plays a key role in controlling the dissolved Fe concentrations in marine environments.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kristina A. Confesor, Corday R. Selden, Kimberly E. Powell, Laura A. Donahue, Travis Mellett, Salvatore Caprara, Angela N. Knapp, Kristen N. Buck, P. Dreux Chappell
Summary: This study investigated the presence and environmental preferences of Trichodesmium clades in the waters of the West Florida Shelf. The results showed that T. erythraeum was mainly found in shallow waters, while T. thiebautii preferred deeper waters and was affected by iron limitation.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
P. N. Sedwick, B. M. Sohst, C. O'Hara, S. E. Stammerjohn, B. Loose, M. S. Dinniman, N. J. Buck, J. A. Resing, S. F. Ackley
Summary: This study investigates the vertical resupply of dissolved iron (DFe) in the Ross Sea shelf and its impact on water-column DFe distributions. The results show that the major source of DFe comes from the benthos during winter months when katabatic winds drive sea ice formation. The study also suggests that the vertical resupply of DFe mainly occurs during mid-late winter and is sensitive to changes in the timing and extent of sea ice production.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Stilianos Louca, Gordon T. Taylor, Yrene M. Astor, Kristen N. Buck, Frank E. Muller-Karger
Summary: When population dynamics and reaction kinetics operate at much shorter time scales than physical mixing processes, the need for unknown population dynamical, physiological and reaction-kinetic parameters and uncertainties in species composition can be eliminated. In this 'fast-reaction-transport' (FRT) limit, accurate predictions can be made based on chemical boundary conditions, physical mixing processes and reaction stoichiometries without knowledge of species composition, physiology or population/reaction kinetic parameters. Our findings suggest that microbial processes in poorly mixed water columns and sediments are largely transport limited and thus predictable regardless of species composition, population dynamics and kinetics.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alessandro Tagliabue, Alastair J. M. Lough, Clement Vic, Vassil Roussenov, Jonathan Gula, Maeve C. Lohan, Joseph A. Resing, Richard G. Williams
Summary: The dispersal of dissolved iron from hydrothermal vents in the Trans-Atlantic-Geotraverse system is mainly controlled by physical processes and occurs predominantly in the colloidal phase. Fine-scale mixing near the seafloor and transport through fracture zones play important roles in the dispersal, leading to predominant westward dispersal away from the Mid-Atlantic ridge at a larger scale, while diapycnal mixing drives northward transport within the ridge axial valley. Coarse resolution ocean models often used to assess ocean iron cycling are not able to accurately reproduce the observed dispersal due to the omission of local topography and mixing.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Shannon M. M. Burns, Randelle M. M. Bundy, William Abbott, Zuzanna Abdala, Alexa R. R. Sterling, P. Dreux Chappell, Bethany D. D. Jenkins, Kristen N. N. Buck
Summary: This study examined the relationship between phytoplankton growth and dissolved concentrations of iron, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, and cadmium in the Southern Ocean. The results showed that manganese was a secondary limiting nutrient both onshore and offshore, and there was no co-limitation of iron and vitamin B-12. The uptake of metals relative to soluble reactive phosphorus was closely related to initial dissolved metal to phosphorus ratio.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
P. N. Sedwick, B. M. Sohst, K. N. Buck, S. Caprara, R. J. Johnson, D. C. Ohnemus, L. E. Sofen, A. Tagliabue, B. S. Twining, T. E. Williams
Summary: Constraining the role of dust deposition in regulating the concentration of iron in surface ocean waters requires understanding the flux of seawater-soluble iron in aerosols and the replacement time of dissolved iron in the euphotic zone. This study estimates these quantities using DFe data from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study region and measurements of iron in aerosols and rain from Bermuda in 2019. The results suggest a seasonal variation in surface DFe concentrations and a mean euphotic-zone residence time of 0.8-1.9 years for DFe with respect to aeolian input.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexa R. Sterling, Laura Z. Holland, Randelle M. Bundy, Shannon M. Burns, Kristen N. Buck, P. Dreux Chappell, Bethany D. Jenkins
Summary: The growth of diatoms in the Southern Ocean is often limited by low concentrations of dissolved iron and other trace metals. Diatoms and co-occurring bacteria may overcome this challenge through mutualistic relationships, in which diatoms provide organic carbon for bacterial growth, and bacteria supply diatoms with metals and other secondary compounds. This study examines the interactions between diatoms and bacteria and how they are influenced by gradients of micronutrients and metals in the West Antarctic Peninsula.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Alastair J. M. Lough, Alessandro Tagliabue, Clement Demasy, Joseph A. Resing, Travis Mellett, Neil J. Wyatt, Maeve C. Lohan
Summary: The supply of iron to the surface ocean affects primary productivity, but the extent of iron input from hydrothermal sources in the deep ocean is poorly understood. This study examines the variability in dissolved iron to excess helium ratios at four hydrothermal vent sites along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The results show that the ratios differ due to differences in plume age, and the presence of particulates affects the ratio within a certain distance from the vents. The study highlights the need for further research on vent sources and their impact on iron flux in the deep ocean.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura E. Sofen, Olga A. Antipova, Kristen N. Buck, Salvatore Caprara, Lauren Chacho, Rodney J. Johnson, Gabriella Kim, Peter Morton, Daniel C. Ohnemus, Sara Rauschenberg, Peter N. Sedwick, Alessandro Tagliabue, Benjamin S. Twining
Summary: Particulate phases play a major role in transporting trace metals in the ocean. These phases can be categorized into lithogenic, biogenic, or authigenic based on their origin. Accurate characterization of these phases is crucial as they have distinct functions in the biogeochemical iron cycle.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Garrett Sharpe, Liang Zhao, Meredith G. Meyer, Weida Gong, Shannon M. Burns, Allesandro Tagliabue, Kristen N. Buck, Alyson E. Santoro, Jason R. Graff, Adrian Marchetti, Scott Gifford
Summary: Synechococcus, the most abundant cyanobacteria in high latitude regions, plays a significant role in annual marine net primary productivity. However, the uneven sampling of Synechococcus populations across the ocean, particularly in high-latitude, High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions, has limited our understanding of their adaptations to iron limitation and their influence on carbon, nitrogen, and iron cycles. This study focuses on Synechococcus populations in the subarctic North Pacific, a well-characterized HNLC region, and reveals their dependence on ammonium and other forms of recycled nitrogen, leading to reduced iron requirements. The findings have important implications for modeling the contribution of cyanobacteria to primary production and carbon export.
ISME COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mark A. Brzezinski, Diana E. Varela, Bethany D. Jenkins, Kristen N. Buck, Sile M. Kafrissen, Janice L. Jones
Summary: Diatoms play an essential role in marine primary productivity and carbon export. However, their contributions are modified in high-nutrient low-chlorophyll regions due to decoupling of silicon and carbon cycling caused by low iron levels. The study at Ocean Station Papa (OSP) in the northeastern subarctic Pacific found that diatoms were limited by iron and silicic acid concentration in their growth and silicon uptake. Despite high silicic acid concentrations, biogenic silica concentrations were low. Diatoms contributed more to carbon export than primary productivity at this location.
ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
(2022)
