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Neurosciences
Akiko Uyeda, Lili Quan, Yuki Kato, Nagaaki Muramatsu, Shogo Tanabe, Kazuhisa Sakai, Noritaka Ichinohe, Yukio Kawahara, Tatsunori Suzuki, Rieko Muramatsu
Summary: Remyelination is a regenerative process that restores lost neurological function, partially dependent on oligodendrocyte differentiation. The study identified DDAH1 as a novel regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation, with the potential to modulate remyelination in demyelinating diseases. Modulating DDAH1 activity could provide a new therapeutic option for demyelinating diseases.
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Neurosciences
Tal Ganz, Omri Zveik, Nina Fainstein, Marva Lachish, Ariel Rechtman, Lihi Sofer, Livnat Brill, Tamir Ben-Hur, Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky
Summary: Pushing OPC into differentiation program may help overcome remyelination failure, but creating a permissive environment for OPC activation, migration, and differentiation is also crucial.
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Plant Sciences
Li Liu, Manjing Li, Qingwu Liu, Lina Yang, Lisong Sun, Yuxuan Guo, Yujie Li, Ying Chen, Xiaoxin Zhu, Qi Li
Summary: This study found that ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) promotes differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and myelin regeneration, showing promising therapeutic significance for functional recovery in neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Review
Neurosciences
Weizhuo Lu, Jiyue Wen
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of disability and death, and enhancing axonal regeneration and remyelination can promote neural functional recovery. However, the activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway plays a harmful role in axonal recovery and regeneration. Inhibition of this pathway can promote axonal regeneration and remyelination. Additionally, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a significant neuroprotective role in the recovery from ischemic stroke. This review discusses the relationship among H2S, the RhoA/ROCK pathway, astrocytes, and microglial cells in axonal remyelination following ischemic stroke, aiming to reveal new strategies for prevention and treatment of this devastating disease.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
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Cell Biology
Irene L. Llorente, Yuan Xie, Jose A. Mazzitelli, Emily A. Hatanaka, Jessica Cinkornpumin, David R. Miller, Ying Lin, William E. Lowry, S. Thomas Carmichael
Summary: Research shows that hiPSC-GEPs cells, derived from hiPSC-neural progenitor cells, have the potential to differentiate into astrocytes and promote brain repair when transplanted after WMS in mice.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
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Dermatology
Hai Wang, Fang Fang, Shaofeng Chen, Xing Jing, Yuehong Zhuang, Yun Xie
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of Fasudil in promoting flap survival and reinnervation. The results showed that Fasudil significantly reduced the necrosis rate of the flaps, increased the diameter of the iliolumbar artery, improved blood perfusion and microvascular density of the flaps. Additionally, Fasudil promoted axon growth.
INTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL
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Cell Biology
Bridget Shafit-Zagardo, Simone Sidoli, James E. Goldman, Juwen C. DuBois, John R. Corboy, Stephen M. Strittmatter, Hillary Guzik, Ukuemi Edema, Anita G. Arackal, Yair M. Botbol, Emilio Merheb, Rashed M. Nagra, Sarah Graff
Summary: During inflammatory, demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammation and axonal damage are prevalent early in the course. This study found that the insoluble protein TMEM106B, normally lysosome-associated, is insoluble in MS plaques relative to normal-appearing white matter from individuals with Alzheimer's disease and non-neurologic controls. Hypomorphic mice with a reduction in TMEM106B have increased axonal damage and lipid droplet accumulation in the spinal cord following experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonietta Bernardo, Mariagiovanna Malara, Lucia Bertuccini, Chiara De Nuccio, Sergio Visentin, Luisa Minghetti
Summary: Telmisartan (TLM), an antihypertensive drug acting as a PPAR-γ modulator, promotes oligodendrocyte progenitor (OP) differentiation and restores damage in a pharmacological model of Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease. Its mechanism involves downregulating angiotensin II receptor levels, promoting peroxisomal proliferation, and regulating intracellular cholesterol transport crucial for myelin formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
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Cell Biology
Pei-Lun Lai, Chi-Hou Ng, Chia-Hsin Wu, Chien-Ying Lai, Scott C. Schuyler, Vicki Wang, Hsuan Lin, Yueh-Chang Lee, Ming-Hsi Chuang, Chang-Huan Yang, Wei-Ju Chen, Hsiao-Chun Huang, Jean Lu
Summary: This study established an in vitro method to convert human fibroblasts into oligodendrocyte-like cells, and demonstrated that specific small molecules could induce the cells to acquire oligodendrocyte-like characteristics. By directly injecting these molecules into a mouse model of demyelination, the researchers successfully rescued the demyelination phenotype. These findings provide a foundation for the development of a remyelination therapy.
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Biology
Yan Wang, Fuzheng Guo
Summary: PAKs, particularly group I PAKs, play crucial roles in regulating cellular and molecular pathways that are important for myelin formation and repair in the central nervous system. De novo mutations in group I PAKs are frequently observed in children with neurodevelopmental defects and white matter anomalies. Despite regulating various aspects of neuronal development and function, the specific functions of group I PAKs in CNS myelination and remyelination remain incompletely understood.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victor Longoria, Hannah Parcel, Bameelia Toma, Annu Minhas, Rana Zeine
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of medical marijuana in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its experimental animal models. Clinical studies showed that medical marijuana can reduce spasticity, pain, and sleep disturbance, improve bladder overactivity, and decrease proinflammatory cytokine and transcription factor expression levels. Animal studies also demonstrated the impact of cannabinoids on disease severity, neuroinflammation, and remyelination.
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Cell Biology
Arthur A. Vandenbark, Roberto Meza-Romero, Jack Wiedrick, Grant Gerstner, Ashley Headrick, Gail Kent, Hilary Seifert, Gil Benedek, Richard Bucala, Halina Offner
Summary: The study reveals that MIF-1 and MIF-2 both enhance the severity of multiple sclerosis through the CD74 receptor, affecting the disease manifestation in EAE mice. However, single or double deficiency of MIF genes did not further reduce the severity of EAE in mice models.
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Microbiology
Xin Zhu, Anshan Shan, Zhi Ma, Wei Xu, Jiajun Wang, Shuli Chou, Baojing Cheng
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Angela Allen, Claude Messier
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Taylor Hatchard, Jaimee J. Ting, Claude Messier
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Darren J. Yip, Chelsea P. Corcoran, Matias Alvarez-Saavedra, Adriana DeMaria, Stephen Rennick, Alan J. Mears, Michael A. Rudnicki, Claude Messier, David J. Picketts
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Federica De Angelis, Antonietta Bernardo, Valerio Magnaghi, Luisa Minghetti, Ada Maria Tata
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Andra M. Smith, Claude Messier
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Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Delyana I. Miller, Vanessa Taler, Patrick S. R. Davidson, Claude Messier
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Reno M. Gandhi, Cary S. Kogan, Claude Messier, Lindsey S. MacLeod
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J. J. Boulanger, C. Messier
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Delyana Ivanova Miller, France Aube, Vincent Talbot, Michele Gagnon, Claude Messier
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Reno M. Gandhi, Cary S. Kogan, Claude Messier
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
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Alexandria Beland-Millar, Masaki Takimoto, Taku Hamada, Claude Messier
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Behavioral Sciences
Jenna J. Boulanger, Claude Messier
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
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Delyana I. Miller, Patrick S. R. Davidson, Dwayne Schindler, Claude Messier
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(2013)
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Neurosciences
Marija Adzic Bukvic, Danijela Laketa, Milorad Dragic, Irena Lavrnja, Nadezda Nedeljkovic
Summary: In neuroinflammatory states, functionally distinct eN/CD73 glycovariants appear, which may play a role in the development of the reactive astrocyte phenotype.
Correction
Neurosciences
L. Feng, H. Lo, Z. Hong, J. Zheng, Y. Yan, Z. Ye, X. Chen, X. Pan