Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Vincent Marcangeli, Layale Youssef, Maude Dulac, Livia P. Carvalho, Guy Hajj-Boutros, Olivier Reynaud, Benedicte Guegan, Fanny Buckinx, Pierrette Gaudreau, Jose A. Morais, Pascale Mauriege, Philippe Noirez, Mylene Aubertin-Leheudre, Gilles Gouspillou
Summary: The study found that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is beneficial for obese older adults, improving muscle function, functional capacities, body composition, and waist circumference. Adding citrulline (CIT) further enhances muscle strength and significantly reduces fat mass. HIIT also increases markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, and mitophagy.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
Yu-Feng Long, Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow, Can Cui, Ronald Man Yeung Wong, Ling Qin, Sheung-Wai Law, Wing-Hoi Cheung
Summary: This systematic review investigates the effects of physical exercise on mitochondria during aging, highlighting the potential mechanisms through which exercise improves muscle performance by regulating mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium. The findings provide scientific support for using exercise as a timely intervention for sarcopenia, and offer insights for the development of new therapeutic interventions to attenuate sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suk-Ling Ma, Junyi Wu, Liuying Zhu, Ruth Suk-Mei Chan, Xingyan Wang, Dan Huang, Nelson Leung-Sang Tang, Jean Woo
Summary: By examining T cell gene expression responses to a 12-week intervention with exercise and nutrition supplementation in older adults with sarcopenia, it was found that combined exercise and HMB supplementation resulted in significant changes in T cell-specific inflammatory gene expression, which correlated with lower limb muscle strength performance.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva, Leonardo da Silva Goncalves, Pedro Pugliesi Abdalla, Cicero Jonas Rodrigues Benjamim, Marcio Fernando Tasinafo Jr, Ana Claudia Rossini Venturini, Lucimere Bohn, Jorge Mota, Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo, Wolfgang Kemmler, Andre Pereira dos Santos, Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado
Summary: This study analyzed the resistance training (RT) programs for older adults with sarcopenic obesity (SO) and found that the description of RT protocols for SO patients in the literature is not detailed enough and there is heterogeneity among studies. The study suggests that future research should provide more detailed descriptions of RT protocols for older adults with SO.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Adrian Escriche-Escuder, Ivan J. Fuentes-Abolafio, Cristina Roldan-Jimenez, Antonio I. Cuesta-Vargas
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the impact of exercise on muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia according to the EWGSOP criteria. The results indicated a significant effect on physical performance, a moderate effect on muscle strength, but inconsistent effects on muscle mass. The evidence level ranged from low to high across these outcomes.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Mathew W. Hill, Matthew Roberts, Michael J. Price, Anthony D. Kay
Summary: This study investigated the effects of flywheel training on standing balance, mobility, physical function, muscle thickness, and muscle quality in older adults. The results showed that after 6 weeks of flywheel training, there were significant increases in muscle thickness and muscle quality, as well as improvements in physical function, balance, and mobility among older adults.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jacqueline K. Dawson, Tanya B. Dorff, Creighton Tuzon, Judd C. Rice, Edward Todd Schroeder, Christianne J. Lane, Mitchell E. Gross, Christina M. Dieli-Conwright
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of periodized resistance training on mRNA expression of various genes in skeletal muscle of prostate cancer survivors on androgen deprivation therapy. Results showed that resistance training led to increased mRNA expression of MuRF-1, but did not show expected changes in expression of other genes. Changes in MuRF-1 expression correlated with improvements in strength and physical function, while changes in IGF-1 expression correlated with changes in lean mass.
INTEGRATIVE CANCER THERAPIES
(2021)
Review
Sport Sciences
Jani P. Vaara, Herbert Groeller, Jace Drain, Heikki Kyrolainen, Kai Pihlainen, Tommi Ojanen, Chris Connaboy, Matti Santtila, Philip Agostinelli, Brad C. Nindl
Summary: This review article examines the physical attributes related to performance of essential military tasks like load carriage, manual material handling and casualty evacuation. It also discusses physical training intervention studies in military settings to enhance performance in these tasks. The results highlight the importance of muscular fitness in successfully completing these military tasks and suggest that combining strength, aerobic, and specific load carriage training may be an effective way to improve performance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chang Woock Lee, Teak V. Lee, Elfego Galvan, Vincent C. W. Chen, Steve Bui, Stephen F. Crouse, James D. Fluckey, Stephen B. Smith, Steven E. Riechman
Summary: Low choline intake may have a negative impact on strength gains in older adults during resistance exercise training.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivan Cuyul-Vasquez, Jose Pezo-Navarrete, Cristina Vargas-Arriagada, Cynthia Ortega-Diaz, Walter Sepulveda-Loyola, Sandro Massao Hirabara, Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of whey protein (WP) supplementation during resistance exercise training (RET) with or without placebo supplementation on skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in older people with Sarcopenia. A total of 7 randomized clinical trials were included, and the results showed that WP supplementation was more effective in increasing handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass in older people with Sarcopenia. However, the effect sizes were small and the quality of evidence was low, indicating a need for further research.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
L. da Silva Goncalves, Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva, C. J. Rodrigues Benjamim, M. F. Tasinafo Jr, L. Bohn, G. Ferreira Abud, G. U. Ortiz, E. C. de Freitas
Summary: Exercise training can decrease body fat and increase muscle strength, improving physical performance in older adults with sarcopenic obesity (SO).
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Milad Azad, Neda Khaledi, Mehdi Hedayati, Mohammadreza Karbalaie
Summary: The study revealed that the apoptotic response to exercise depends on the type and intensity of exercise, as well as the sensitivity and susceptibility of the muscle. Acute and chronic exercise can significantly affect apoptotic responses in different types of muscles.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian C. Clark
Summary: This article discusses the neural mechanisms underlying age-related muscle weakness, and their relevance to the development of therapies for sarcopenia and mobility limitations in the elderly. It highlights the role of impaired neural activation in age-related weakness and explores the multifactorial nature of these mechanisms.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Carlos Galiano, Pablo Floria, Alejandro Munoz-Lopez, Eduardo Saez de Villarreal, Francisco Javier Nunez
Summary: This study examined the effects of unexpected eccentric load variability during resistance training on team sport players. The results showed that training with rotary inertial devices that have load variability can improve vertical jump performance, but increasing the variability of the exercise does not add benefits to physical performance and training outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Hamed Alizadeh Pahlavani, Ismail Laher, Beat Knechtle, Hassane Zouhal
Summary: Sarcopenia is a severe condition of muscle loss and functional decline during aging, leading to reduced quality of life, limited independence, and increased risk of falls. The causes of sarcopenia include inactivity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Exercise can be used as a non-invasive treatment for sarcopenia by regulating pathways that control the mitochondrial network.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)