Article
Engineering, Geological
Shun Wang, Wei Wu, Deshan Cui
Summary: The mechanical behavior of clastic soil was described by numerical simulations considering both the soil matrix and breccia. The simulations indicated that breccia content, gradation, and overconsolidation ratio significantly influenced the strength, deformation, and failure pattern of clastic soil.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Yanni Chen, Giuseppe Buscarnera
Summary: Hydro-mechanical forces can trigger ground failure, such as flowslides, by altering the pore water pressure regime. However, the use of constitutive models for soils to quantify the likelihood of liquefaction is usually limited to triggering analyses, and the quantification of runout distance and velocity often requires computationally expensive models based on rheological laws for fluids. This paper proposes a low computational cost modeling framework that allows for the use of soil constitutive models in the analysis of the entire life cycle of a flowslide, enabling a seamless transition from the triggering to the runout stage.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Liangchi Zhang, Zhonghuai Wu, Chuhan Wu, Qi Wu
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive review on the machining modeling of both fiber-reinforced and particulate-reinforced composites. The discussion focused on the importance of mechanics in understanding machining-induced deformation of composites. The review assessed recent advances in modeling methods and highlighted open problems and perspectives.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Pin Zhang, Zhen-Yu Yin, Brian Sheil
Summary: There is great potential for machine learning to improve constitutive modelling of geomaterials. However, a lack of interpretability and heavy reliance on big data has been a common criticism. This study proposes an interpretable data-driven approach for geotechnical modelling, incorporating prior knowledge and uncertainty. By adopting a multi-fidelity modelling framework, the impact of small datasets can be maximized. The results show that data-driven modelling with physical constraints performs robustly, even for extrapolation beyond the original dataset.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Athanasios Agalianos, Evangelia Korre, Tarek Abdoun, Ioannis Anastasopoulos
Summary: This study investigates the propagation of strike-slip fault rupture through dense sand and its interaction with surface foundations using both physical and numerical modelling. Centrifuge tests are conducted to model two strike-slip faults, with varying foundation configurations. Numerical simulations are performed using a 3D finite-element model with a calibrated constitutive model. Both physical and numerical modelling reveal the formation of complex diagonal shear ruptures at the ground surface. Foundation rigidity is found to be crucial for the development of translation and rotational mechanisms in response to fault rupture.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Zhongkai Huang, Dongmei Zhang, Kyriazis Pitilakis, Grigorios Tsinidis, Hongwei Huang, Dongming Zhang, Sotirios Argyroudis
Summary: Transport infrastructure is crucial but vulnerable, and this study presents a practical resilience assessment framework for tunnels subjected to earthquakes. This framework evaluates the robustness and recovery capability of tunnels and provides valuable insights for decision-making and resource allocation in the design and management of tunnels and underground transport networks.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Nghia Quoc Trinh, Kristin Hilde Holmoy, Hanne Elisabeth Wiig
Summary: This paper discusses the methods used to assess and maintain the stability of the E6 road tunnels while excavating the Follo Line tunnels. By developing a comprehensive analysis procedure and combining different monitoring techniques, the construction of the new tunnels was successfully completed without disturbance to the existing road tunnels.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Luis E. Zambrano-Cruzatty, Alba Yerro, Jorge Macedo
Summary: A generalized consistency-viscoplasticity method is proposed in this study to simulate the behavior of sand under high strain rates. The influence of strain rate is considered using a work-energy approach and an inertial coefficient. Experimental results show that this method can effectively model soil behavior.
Article
Engineering, Geological
K. Pan, T. T. Xu, D. Liao, Z. X. Yang
Summary: In this study, comprehensive asymmetrical cyclic loading tests were conducted to investigate the liquefaction responses of sand. The results showed that different stress conditions can lead to three distinct failure mechanisms. By developing an anisotropic sand model, the typical deformation, strength, and fabric characteristics of sand under different cyclic failure mechanisms could be accurately captured.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Carlos Espanol-Espinel, Stuart K. Haigh, Gopal S. P. Madabhushi
Summary: Soil plug formation in open-ended piles due to pile driving is widely studied. Traditional onshore piles facilitate plug generation during installation due to their narrow diameters. Offshore wind monopiles, with larger diameters and smaller aspect ratios, may not enhance confining stress within the soil plug as effectively. This research investigates the influence of monopile diameter and confining stress on earthquake-induced excess pore pressure within the soil plug using Finite Element Analysis, revealing lower excess pore pressure accumulation in plugs subjected to confining stress.
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haizuo Zhou, Huajun Xu, Pengbo Yang, Gang Zheng, Xiangning Liu, Wenbin Zhang, Jiapeng Zhao, Xiaoxuan Yu
Summary: This study investigates the seismic performance of underground tunnels constructed in layered soils through dynamic centrifuge tests and numerical modeling. It compares site seismic response and tunnel seismic performance between centrifuge and numerical modeling, as well as dynamic bending moment and axial forces obtained from both methods. Additionally, parametric studies of tunnels in single muddy clay and silty clay are carried out for comparative analysis.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dipaloke Majumder, M. N. Viladkar, Mahendra Singh
Summary: A novel numerical paradigm (Three Analysis Method) is proposed for finite element analysis of tunnels excavated in squeezing ground. The elastic-plastic behavior of the rock mass and the interaction between tunnel support structure and rock mass are considered in this study. The framework is applied to a case study of a hydro-electric project in India, and the tunnel convergence, stress distribution, ground-reaction behavior, and support characteristic are quantified.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Zhenyu Yuan, Wenwen Zhao, Zhongzheng Jiang, Weifang Chen
Summary: Efforts have been made to develop computational models for predicting non-equilibrium flow in hypersonic flows. A generalized hydrodynamic equations (GHE) and a nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR) model have been proposed for this purpose. The NCCR model shows better accuracy in predicting non-equilibrium phenomena compared to the Navier-Stokes equation, especially in the near continuum region. The importance of the chemical reaction source term in the NCCR model is also demonstrated through comparisons with different gas models.
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Konstantinos Kassas, Orestis Adamidis, Nikos Gerolymos, Ioannis Anastasopoulos
Summary: Numerical simulations of seismic response on a shallow mat foundation over a liquefiable sand layer were conducted, employing a hydromechanical analysis with the PM4Sand constitutive model. Extensive model calibration and validation against centrifuge test results were performed, showing good agreement with recorded data but revealing limitations in capturing failure mechanisms due to inaccuracies in dissipative phenomena reproduction.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Cheng Chen, Yong Wang, Xianwei Zhang, Lingwei Kong, Guofang Xu
Summary: A numerical model for the mechanical behaviour of gassy sand is presented in this paper, combining the theory of two-phase saturated porous media and an advanced constitutive model for sand to capture the complex stress-strain behaviour. The model is validated by comparing simulated results with laboratory test data.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Stavroula Kontoe, Freya C. Summersgill, David M. Potts, Youngsuk Lee
Summary: The stabilisation of slopes with rows of discrete vertical piles is a commonly adopted method, but existing design methodologies often overlook the interaction between soil and piles, potentially missing critical failure mechanisms.
Editorial Material
Engineering, Geological
Stavroula Kontoe
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Ken Vinck, Tingfa Liu, Richard J. Jardine, Stavroula Kontoe, Reza Ahmadi-Naghadeh, Roisin M. Buckley, Byron W. Byrne, James A. Lawrence, Ross A. McAdam, Fabian Schranz
Summary: This article discusses the properties and mechanical behavior of low- to medium-density chalk in St Nicholas at Wade, UK, through laboratory tests and in situ tests. It reveals important findings about the mechanical properties and structural characteristics of the chalk.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Tingfa Liu, Reza Ahmadi-Naghadeh, Ken Vinck, Richard J. Jardine, Stavroula Kontoe, Roisin M. Buckley, Byron W. Byrne
Summary: This paper investigates the mechanical properties of destructured chalk and finds that it exhibits time-dependent behavior and nonlinear stiffness. The response of the chalk to cyclic loading results in increased stiffness and shear strength of the specimens after cycling.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Reza Ahmadi-Naghadeh, Tingfa Liu, Ken Vinck, Richard J. Jardine, Stavroula Kontoe, Byron W. Byrne, Ross A. McAdam
Summary: This paper investigates the cyclic behavior of chalk and finds that it exhibits stability and elasticity during cyclic loading, with an improvement in stiffness without losing shear strength. However, cyclic failure can occur, leading to brittle collapse due to cracking and displacement-induced pore pressure reductions. The behavior of chalk is similar to the fatigue response of metals, concretes, and rocks.
Article
Engineering, Geological
K. Wen, S. Kontoe, R. J. Jardine, T. Liu, D. Cathie, R. Silvano, C. Prearo, S. Wei, F. C. Schroeder, S. Po
Summary: This paper presents a study on the axial resistances of open-ended steel pipe piles driven in sands for the EURIPIDES project. It analyzes previously unreported dynamic tests and compares them with heavily instrumented static compression tests. The study highlights the importance of considering the internal soil column resistance and provides valuable insights on long-term set-up trends.
CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Tingfa Liu, Pedro M. V. Ferreira, Ken Vinck, Matthew R. Coop, Richard J. Jardine, Stavroula Kontoe
Summary: This study provides experiments to support advanced numerical modeling of large-scale axial and lateral pile tests in chalk, aiming to assist the design of offshore wind and other projects in northern Europe. The research focuses on the mechanical behavior of chalk under high confining pressures, with findings showing that interparticle bonds play a significant role in crack, bifurcation, and dilation of the chalk specimens. The results have important implications for pile test analysis and practical design in challenging geomaterials.
SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Ken Vinck, Tingfa Liu, Jonathan Mawet, Stavroula Kontoe, Richard J. Jardine
Summary: This paper describes recent instrumented driving, monotonic testing to failure, and restrike tests conducted on large open steel piles driven at a site in North-western France. The experiments provide important new conclusions regarding driving behavior, installation set-up, and resistances available under compression and tension loading. The field tests contribute to building a high-quality dataset that allows proposed axial capacity design methods to be tested and potentially refined to provide reliable and representative design tools.
CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
G. Pedone, S. Kontoe, L. Zdravkovic, R. J. Jardine, K. Vinck, T. Liu
Summary: A large-scale field testing was conducted at St Nicholas at Wade (SNW), Kent, UK to capture and better understand the behavior of piles driven in fractured low-to-medium density chalk. The study suggests that a strain-softening Mohr-Coulomb model combined with nonlocal regularization can provide a robust, accurate, and cost-effective approach for lateral loading design in fractured chalk.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Roisin M. Buckley, Richard J. Jardine, Stavroula Kontoe, Tingfa Liu, Byron W. Byrne, Ross A. McAdam, Fabian Schranz, Ken Vinck
Summary: Comprehensive field investigations have identified the stable, unstable, and metastable behavior of open-steel pipe piles driven and aged in low-to-medium density chalk under cyclic loading. The cyclic loading patterns and stiffnesses varied systematically with loading conditions. The behavior and conditions of the reconsolidated chalk putty annuli surrounding the pile shafts controlled the axial responses. Progressive failure was observed from the pile tip upwards. A simple prediction procedure using interface shear and cyclic triaxial tests provided representative predictions for field behavior.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Richard J. Jardine, Roisin M. Buckley, Tingfa Liu, Thomas Andolfsson, Byron W. Byrne, Stavroula Kontoe, Ross A. McAdam, Fabian Schranz, Ken Vinck
Summary: This paper presents research on the axial behaviour of piles driven in chalk. Comprehensive dynamic and monotonic axial testing on 27 piles was conducted, covering various factors such as pile diameter, length, material type, tip and groundwater conditions, and age after driving. The experiments reveal that the factors that exert the strongest influence on resistance are pile end conditions, slenderness ratio and flexibility, shaft material, age after driving, relative water table depth, and loading type. The research leads to the development of a revised method for long-term capacity assessment.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Kai Wen, Stavroula Kontoe, Richard J. Jardine, Tingfa Liu
Summary: This study proposes new shaft and base load transfer models for chalk, based on geotechnical properties measured directly in laboratory and in-situ tests. The models offer good load-displacement predictions, improving the reliability and accuracy of structural design in chalk.
JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jun Zhu, Xiaojun Li, Jianwen Liang, Stavroula Kontoe, Qiumei He, Su Chen
Summary: This study investigates the impact of near-fault pulse-like ground motions on the seismic response of underground tunnels. It is found that these motions can significantly increase the internal forces in the tunnel, especially due to the seismic energy associated with velocity pulses. Among pulse-like ground motions with similar acceleration response spectra, the forward-directivity velocity pulse has a greater detrimental effect on the tunnel compared to the fling-step velocity pulse. Additionally, the amplification effect of near-fault pulse-like ground motions on tunnel internal forces is more pronounced for larger vertical angles of incidence, emphasizing the importance of considering oblique incidence for seismic design.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
David Solans, Stavroula Kontoe, Lidija Zdravkovic
Summary: This article investigates the seismic response of tailings sand material and compares it with the response of natural sand in site response analysis. The study examines the fundamental properties of both materials and calibrates their responses for a plasticity model. The research highlights the differences between the two materials and their impact on the non-linear behavior of the soil deposit in terms of acceleration response spectra, displacements, and excess pore water pressures.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Marios Koronides, Stavroula Kontoe, Lidija Zdravkovic, Athanasios Vratsikidis, Dimitris Pitilakis
Summary: This study presents calibrated and validated three-dimensional finite element analyses for studying Soil-Structure-Interaction (SSI) phenomena. The model calibration focuses on the soil-foundation interface, with a novel approach proposed for simulating contact imperfections. The results highlight the significant impact of interface gaps and soil nonlinearity on the response of SSI systems, emphasizing the importance of model calibration.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)