期刊
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
卷 41, 期 19, 页码 6725-6733出版社
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061507
关键词
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资金
- NSF [OCE-1154238, EAR-1010432]
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [1154238] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Earth Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1010432] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
We investigate the feedbacks between surface processes and tectonics in an extensional setting by coupling a 2-D geodynamical model with a landscape evolution law. Focusing on the evolution of a single normal fault, we show that surface processes significantly enhance the amount of horizontal extension a fault can accommodate before being abandoned in favor of a new fault. In simulations with very slow erosion rates, a 15 km thick brittle layer extends via a succession of crosscutting short-lived faults (heave < 5 km). By contrast, when erosion rates are comparable to the regional extension velocity, deformation is accommodated on long-lived faults (heave > 10 km). Using simple scaling arguments, we quantify the effect of surface mass removal on the force balance acting on a growing normal fault. This leads us to propose that the major range-bounding normal faults observed in many continental rifts owe their large offsets to erosional and depositional processes.
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