Article
Geography, Physical
Neethu P. Sukumaran, Dnyandev V. Borole
Summary: The study presents a record of sediment mass fluxes for a site on the eastern flank of the Carlsberg Ridge in the Arabian Sea, spanning the last 38 ka. The results show enhanced carbonate production during the Holocene and MIS 3 compared to MIS 2, suggesting changing oceanographic conditions have influenced carbonate supply to the seabed.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jaia Syvitski, Alexandre Normandeau
Summary: This study summarizes four decades of research on pristine Baffin Island fjords, focusing on sediment redistribution processes and resulting deposits. The findings reveal that sediment fill in these fjords mainly comes from fjordhead sandurs and shoreline chute failures, resulting in yearly turbidity currents. These currents leave behind migrating cyclic steps that eventually transform into sediment waves. The study also highlights the importance of meltwater supply from glaciers in triggering turbidity currents and the role of subaerial debris flows in triggering sidewall failures. The importance rating for the study on Baffin Island fjords sediment is 8 out of 10.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giulia Battista, Fritz Schlunegger, Paolo Burlando, Peter Molnar
Summary: This paper introduces a variable landslide sediment supply in relation to topography, hydrology, and hillslope activity. The study uses a model to analyze the dynamics of sediment storage in a mesoscale pre-Alpine basin, simulating various transport- and supply-limited conditions to quantify the variability of sediment concentrations and load. The results show that supply limitation reduces the natural variability of hydrological and sediment transport processes, and the alternation of low and high sediment availability favors sediment load variability at the outlet.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Fatemeh Sedighi, Abdulvahed Khaledi Darvishan, Mohamad Reza Zare
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between 22 geomorphological factors and sediment budget components in a small mountainous watershed in west Iran, finding that the topographic wetness index was the most important factor influencing sediment budget in the area, likely due to its dependence on slope and hydrological properties of sub-watersheds.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
C. Peirce, J. C. Tedd, R. W. Hobbs
Summary: This study investigates the structure and dynamics of the Ecuador Fracture Zone using multiple geophysical data types. Gravity modelling reveals a low-density crust beneath the fracture zone and an anomalously low-density region in the uppermost mantle. Normal faults bound the median ridges within the fracture zone, offsetting the seabed and documenting multiple phases of relative uplift. The study also observes active extensional faulting and serpentinization in the Costa Rica Rift crust. Contrary to the assumption that fracture zones are tectonically inactive, the Ecuador Fracture Zone provides evidence of extension, ongoing serpentinization, and relative uplift.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Economics
Xiao Hu, Che-Yuan Liang
Summary: Living in low-income neighborhoods can have adverse effects. Public policies that reduce income inequality might prevent residential segregation by income. However, previous associations between income inequality and residential segregation may not accurately reflect the effects of residential sorting. This study finds that changing taxes and transfers has limited impact on residential segregation, but raising the education levels of low-income residents is effective for fighting against segregation.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
S. Rihs, E. Lascar, L. Pourcelot, P. Calmon, P. O. Redon, C. Galy, M. P. Turpault, E. Pelt, F. Chabaux
Summary: The study evaluated the redistribution processes and timescales of U, Th, and Ra in forested-soil profiles, revealing that Fe-oxide nodules and fine mineral fractions control the mobility of different nuclides at the bulk soil scale. Different behavior was observed in the mobility of U, Th, and Ra within different soil fractions and layers, suggesting complex redistribution mechanisms over both short and long timescales.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Li, Jinliang Zhang, Haijue Xu, Yuchuan Bai
Summary: The study demonstrates that sediment presence significantly alters the flow velocity distribution in pipes, with flow velocity changing along with sediment concentration. At low water flow rates, sediment causes asymmetric flow velocity distribution, while as flow rate increases, velocity distribution tends towards symmetry and the separation effect of sediment particles weakens.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Noriko N. Ishizaki, Tosiyuki Nakaegawa, Reinhardt Pinzon, Hidetaka Sasaki
Summary: The Upper Chagres River Basin plays a crucial role in the operation of the Panama Canal. Previous studies have shown regional differences in the diurnal variation of precipitation in the basin. Through dynamical downscaling experiments, it was found that intensified low-level northeasterly winds in the southern Caribbean Sea trigger morning rain with an orographic effect, contrasting with afternoon precipitation peaks under a landside coastal regime.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rui Wang, Peng Li, Zhanbin Li, Jianchun Han, Yubin Zhu
Summary: The study found that turbulent energy increased with the increasing inlet unit width flow rate. The sediment deposition at the bottom of the stilling basin gradually increased with the decrease of inlet unit width flow and the decrease of sediment mass flow rate. The average deposition rate at the bottom of the stilling basin was positively correlated with the inlet sedimentation concentration, with a correlation coefficient as high as 0.97.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Civil
Yunping Yang, Jinhai Zheng, Lingling Zhu, Huaqing Zhang, Jianjun Wang
Summary: This study examines the impacts of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) impoundment on sediment sorting and downstream transport characteristics. The results show that the reservoir prevents a significant amount of upstream sediments from reaching the downstream area of the dam, leading to a decrease in the discharge of fine and coarse particles. The study highlights the importance of understanding the effects of large dams on sediment transport in river systems.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ziteng Luo, Jianzhi Niu, Shuqin He, Linus Zhang, Xiongwen Chen, Bo Tan, Di Wang, Ronny Berndtsson
Summary: This study aimed to explore the distribution of soil water content in the presence of root-enhanced preferential flow and analyze the correlations between root traits and preferential flow features. The results showed that tree species with different root distribution patterns have varied impacts on soil moisture redistribution, and the effects of root traits are more apparent under lower rainfall amount.
JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ebenezer Boakye, F. O. K. Anyemedu, Emmanuel A. Donkor, Jonathan A. Quaye-Ballard
Summary: Accurate information on sediment yield in the Pra River Basin, Ghana is crucial for proper catchment and water resources management. This study found high sediment yields in the basin, with significant differences between contributing drainage basins. Rivers in galamsey prone basins had higher sediment pollution levels. The study highlights the importance of considering land use activities and catchment characteristics in predicting sediment yield variations.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Carlos Errazuriz-Henao, Arturo Gomez-Tuena, Mattia Parolari, Marion Weber
Summary: The study uses geochemical data from the Panama Basin and the Northern Volcanic Province of Colombia to show that the processes of a subducted ocean basin can influence the compositions of continental arc volcanoes. Specifically, variations in sediment compositions are found to impact the compositions of arc magmas.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Takeyoshi Chibana, Rose Quiocho, Kenji Watanabe
Summary: This study investigated the scour holes of several bridge piers and found that non-uniformity decreased the maximum scour depth, while aspect ratio had noticeable effects on scour shape and asymmetry.