Article
Plant Sciences
Dany Croteau, Thomas Lacour, Nicolas Schiffrine, Philippe-Israel Morin, Marie-Helene Forget, Flavienne Bruyant, Joannie Ferland, Augustin Lafond, Douglas A. Campbell, Jean-Eric Tremblay, Marcel Babin, Johann Lavaud
Summary: The diatom communities in the Arctic Ocean exhibit different adaptation strategies based on changes in light environment, driving seasonal taxonomic succession. These adaptation strategies are aligned with changes in light intensity, leading to the dominance of different diatom species in different habitats throughout the seasons.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hanna M. Kauko, Tore Hattermann, Thomas Ryan-Keogh, Asmita Singh, Laura de Steur, Agneta Fransson, Melissa Chierici, Tone Falkenhaug, Elvar H. Hallfredsson, Gunnar Bratbak, Tatiana Tsagaraki, Terje Berge, Qin Zhou, Sebastien Moreau
Summary: Understanding the dynamics of phytoplankton bloom phenology in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean revealed the importance of sea ice retreat and zooplankton grazing in driving bloom initiation and termination, respectively. The study also highlighted the spatial correlation between primary productivity and topographic features, suggesting natural fertilization as a contributing factor. Further investigation into the identified bloom regimes in the area may help inform spatial management strategies and anticipate potential shifts in bloom timing due to environmental changes.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kirsten E. Poff, Andy O. Leu, John M. Eppley, David M. Karl, Edward F. DeLong
Summary: Studies show that elevated carbon flux events in the open ocean lead to increased delivery of carbon from surface waters to the seafloor, with specific microbial taxa positively correlating with these events. Microbial communities enriched on sinking particles during summer ECF events included various types of bacteria, protists, and diatoms, while those during spring ECF events were different, indicating a seasonality in microbial compositions. Additionally, deep-sea bacteria displayed rapid responses to elevated organic matter inputs during summer ECF events.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Julie Seveno, Ana Car, Damien Sirjacobs, Lovina Fullgrabe, Iris Dupcic Radic, Pierre Lejeune, Vincent Leignel, Jean-Luc Mouget
Summary: Blue Haslea species are able to synthesize blue pigments with beneficial properties. This study describes the benthic blooms of blue Haslea species in open environments, and highlights the importance of light and water temperature in their dynamics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhengchao Wu, Qian P. Li, Richard B. Rivkin, Senjie Lin
Summary: This study focuses on the role of polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) produced by diatoms in microbial phosphorus (P) recycling after bloom phase. The findings suggest that PUAs may play a crucial role in bacterial P-remineralization in P-limited coastal areas.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Karoline Faust
Summary: Microbial network construction is a popular exploratory data analysis technique in microbiome research, but there are some issues concerning the construction and interpretation of microbial networks that have received less attention and need more exploration.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Linwei Yue, Huimin Luo, Zheng Zhou, Jie Xu, Huanfeng Shen
Summary: This study proposes a deep learning-based framework for detecting diatom blooms in river tributaries using satellite images. A simple convolutional neural network is trained to classify water pixels into nonbloom, mild bloom, and severe bloom categories based on spectral and environmental features. The trained model achieved reliable detection results in tributaries of the Yangtze River.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Miguel Cabrera-Brufau, Celia Marrase, Eva Ortega-Retuerta, Sdena Nunes, Marta Estrada, M. Montserrat Sala, Dolors Vaque, Gonzalo L. Perez, Rafel Simo, Pedro Cermeno
Summary: Phytoplankton-derived organic matter plays a crucial role in sustaining heterotrophic marine life in regions with no terrestrial inputs. This study investigates the dynamics and drivers of the dissolved and particulate fractions of fluorescent organic matter (FOM) in the Southern Ocean. The results show that filtration has negligible effects on the fluorescence intensities of the visible FOM spectrum, indicating that dissolved fluorophores contribute the most to this signal. Additionally, protein-like fluorescence is primarily associated with particles, accounting for up to 90% of the total protein-like FOM.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kazuhiro Yoshida, Andreas Seger, Matthew Corkill, Petra Heil, Kristen Karsh, Andrew McMinn, Koji Suzuki
Summary: Sea-ice algae play a crucial role in sea-ice ecosystems, but under low iron conditions, their photosynthetic flexibility is affected, potentially leading to detrimental consequences for ice algal production and trophic interactions.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Solene Irion, Urania Christaki, Hugo Berthelot, Stephane L'Helguen, Ludwig Jardillier
Summary: This study measured the CO2-fixation of different groups of phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean and found that small phytoplankton play a significant role in carbon fixation and export, especially after intense diatom blooms. The results highlight the importance of further exploring the role of small cells in CO2-fixation and export in the Southern Ocean.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Anglu Shen, Hongyue Liu, Quandong Xin, Qingjing Hu, Xinliang Wang, Jufa Chen
Summary: Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for phytoplankton growth and regulates the succession of diatoms and dinoflagellates blooms in the East China Sea. This study investigated the growth interactions among major bloom-forming species and revealed that the survival strategies of Prorocentrum donghaiense and Karenia mikimotoi were superior to Skeletonema costatum in bi-algal cultures. The competition results varied with different P concentrations and sources, providing evidence for understanding the bloom succession in the ECS.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Marco Larranaga, Lionel Renault, Julien Jouanno
Summary: This study reveals the significant impact of surface oceanic current feedback (CFB) on the oceanic circulation in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). It shows that CFB plays a crucial role in modulating the dynamics of the GoM by damping mesoscale activity and influencing the extension and statistics of the Loop Current (LC) eddies. The findings highlight the importance of considering CFB in ocean models for an improved representation of the GoM dynamics.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Clara J. M. Hoppe
Summary: The end of polar night marks the start of photosynthetic biomass production in the Arctic marine ecosystem, with the spring bloom being the most crucial event. This dataset reveals significant in situ biomass accumulation during the dark-light transition in the high Arctic for the first time, as well as the earliest positive net primary production rates recorded.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Earle A. Wilson, Andrew F. Thompson, Andrew L. Stewart, Shantong Sun
Summary: This study explores the impact of seafloor bathymetry on the dynamics of subpolar gyres in the Southern Ocean. The presence of submarine ridges along the northern periphery of these gyres plays a fundamental role in setting the stratification and circulation patterns in the region. This study highlights the importance of considering these topographical features in understanding the three-dimensional cycling of heat and carbon in the Southern Ocean.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linda Armbrecht, Michael E. Weber, Maureen E. Raymo, Victoria L. Peck, Trevor Williams, Jonathan Warnock, Yuji Kato, Ivan Hernandez-Almeida, Frida Hoem, Brendan Reilly, Sidney Hemming, Ian Bailey, Yasmina M. Martos, Marcus Gutjahr, Vincent Percuoco, Claire Allen, Stefanie Brachfeld, Fabricio G. Cardillo, Zhiheng Du, Gerson Fauth, Chris Fogwill, Marga Garcia, Anna Glueder, Michelle Guitard, Ji-Hwan Hwang, Mutsumi Iizuka, Bridget Kenlee, Suzanne O'Connell, Lara F. Perez, Thomas A. Ronge, Osamu Seki, Lisa Tauxe, Shubham Tripathi, Xufeng Zheng
Summary: Antarctica is susceptible to climate change, and it is crucial to study the responses of the polar marine ecosystem to ensure urgent action. Sedimentary ancient DNA analysis provides insights into ecosystem-wide changes, as demonstrated in this study of the Scotia Sea region.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Brittany N. Zepernick, Steven W. Wilhelm, George S. Bullerjahn, Hans W. Paerl
Summary: This article discusses the problem of the freshwater-marine continuum, which refers to the effects of nutrients and toxic cyanobacterial blooms spreading through water bodies. Historically, marine and freshwater research have been conducted independently, failing to address the exchange of nutrients and biology between these systems.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Gayantonia Franze, Stephanie Anderson, Joshua D. Kling, Paul Wilburn, David A. Hutchins, Elena Litchman, Tatiana A. Rynearson, Susanne Menden-Deuer
Summary: Marine microbial communities in coastal environments are influenced by seasonal fluctuations and anthropogenic alterations. The effects of temperature and nutrient availability on phytoplankton growth and ecosystem metabolism are well understood, but the impacts on food web structure and function are not well constrained. This study investigated the interactive effects of temperature and nutrient availability on trophic transfer and found that the interplay of these factors influenced the consumption of primary production. The results suggest that nutrient management will be critical in determining the fate of primary production and ecosystem production in warming oceans.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Robbie M. Martin, Maddie K. Denney, Helena L. Pound, Justin D. Chaffin, George S. Bullerjahn, R. Michael L. McKay, Arthur Zastepa, Katarina A. Jones, Hector F. Castro, Shawn R. Campagna, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: Phosphorus availability plays a crucial role in primary production and cyanobacterial blooms in lakes. Phospholipid substitution by sulfolipids has been established as an indicator of phosphorus stress in marine phytoplankton. This study shows that sulfatequinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) to phosphatidylglycerol (PG) ratio can serve as a biomarker for phosphorus stress in freshwater phytoplankton communities, providing valuable insights into nutrient history and phosphorus scarcity.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Naomi E. Gilbert, Gary R. LeCleir, Helena L. Pound, Robert F. Strzepek, Michael J. Ellwood, Benjamin S. Twining, Simon Roux, Philip W. Boyd, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: Viruses can impact the abundance, evolution, and metabolism of microorganisms in the ocean, playing a critical role in biogeochemistry and carbon cycles. This study investigates the diversity and activity of giant viruses in the subpolar Southern Ocean and finds that these viruses exhibit depth-dependent structuring and metabolic reprogramming of their hosts under different physicochemical conditions. Additionally, the study shows that iron availability affects the activity of giant viruses. These findings enhance our understanding of how the water column and environmental factors shape the viral community in the Southern Ocean.
Letter
Limnology
Clara R. Vives, Christina Schallenberg, Peter G. Strutton, Philip W. Boyd
Summary: In the Southern Ocean, understanding the timing of phytoplankton blooms is crucial for studying ecosystem dynamics and carbon export. Previous studies have yielded inconsistent findings regarding bloom timing. This study compares bloom dynamics based on different diagnostics and highlights the importance of considering phytoplankton physiology when choosing proxies for their growth.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Lennart T. Bach, David T. Ho, Philip W. Boyd, Michael D. Tyka
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ellie R. Paine, Philip W. Boyd, Robert F. Strzepek, Michael Ellwood, Elizabeth A. Brewer, Guillermo Diaz-Pulido, Matthias Schmid, Catriona L. Hurd
Summary: Laboratory experiments show that insufficient iron availability in the open ocean is a major challenge for growing kelp for carbon sequestration. Carbon dioxide removal and emissions reduction are crucial for mitigating climate change. Ocean macroalgal afforestation is a CDR method that involves growing nearshore kelps offshore, but the limitation of dissolved iron supply is overlooked in discussions. The study finds that kelp growth and physiological functions are impaired at oceanic iron concentrations, which are 1000-fold lower than required by the kelp species. Additional iron fertilization may be necessary for successful ocean macroalgal afforestation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Hai-Bo Jiang, David A. Hutchins, Wentao Ma, Rui-Feng Zhang, Mark Wells, Nianzhi Jiao, Yuntao Wang, Fei Chai
Summary: Marine primary producers have a significant impact on and are influenced by the Earth's climate, with their relationship varying over space and time. Iron plays a crucial role in modulating marine primary productivity, but its dependence changes during different geological periods. This review examines the role of iron in marine primary production during specific geological periods and offers insights into the impact of ocean iron fertilization on carbon sequestration and climate regulation.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Gwendolyn F. Stark, Robbie M. Martin, Laura E. Smith, Bofan Wei, Ferdi L. Hellweger, George S. Bullerjahn, R. Michael L. Mckay, Gregory L. Boyer, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: The increase in microcystin quota per cell in Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 provides a fitness advantage during growth at lower temperatures, while a non-toxigenic mutant strain employs compensatory mechanisms to defend against reactive oxygen species without the presence of microcystin.
Article
Mechanics
Heng Wei, David A. Hutchins, Paul D. Ronney, Niema M. Pahlevan
Summary: This study proposes a growth model based on fluid dynamics to explore the formation and growth of bacterial colonies. The results show that the flow field significantly affects the colony growth rate and shape, with the Reynolds number playing a crucial role in shaping the colonies.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lennart T. Bach, Veronica Tamsitt, Jim Gower, Catriona L. Hurd, John A. Raven, Philip W. Boyd
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Daniel J. Wieczynski, Kristin M. Yoshimura, Elizabeth R. Denison, Stefan Geisen, Jennifer M. DeBruyn, A. Jonathan Shaw, David J. Weston, Dale A. Pelletier, Steven W. Wilhelm, Jean P. Gibert
Summary: We provide a roadmap for understanding the impact of viral infections within microbial food webs on ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling in the context of global warming. Microorganisms play a crucial role in carbon and nutrient cycles and act as a link between ecosystems and climate. However, viral infections within complex microbial food webs pose a significant challenge in predicting and understanding ecosystem responses to warming. We highlight the need for further research on virus-microbe-temperature interactions and their effects on ecosystem functioning in the face of climate change.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2023)