Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. L. Gallagher, R. H. Comfort, R. M. Katus, B. R. Sandel, S. F. Fung, M. L. Adrian
Summary: Global observations of He+ ions were used to study the dynamics of plasmasphere content, showing significant mass loss during storm times and subsequent refilling during calm periods. Higher refilling rates were found during lower solar activity, with noticeable variations in mass content within the plasmasphere across different L-shells. The study also revealed a declining trend in mass of the inner plasmasphere over a month-long period.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alfredo Del Corpo, Massimo Vellante
Summary: The content and distribution of plasma are crucial for understanding the inner magnetosphere dynamics. This study focuses on the dynamics of the plasmasphere and its coupling with the ionosphere, specifically investigating the refilling process following a geomagnetic storm. The refilling rates were evaluated by remotely sensing the equatorial plasma mass density using field line resonance frequencies. The radial dependence of the refilling rates was studied, revealing an enhanced refilling process between the plasmasphere boundary layer and the zero-energy Alfven boundary.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jianghuai Liu, Raluca Ilie, Joseph E. Borovsky, Michael W. Liemohn
Summary: This study investigates the role of heavy ion composition in the ring current and exospheric neutral hydrogen density in the production of cold H+ via charge exchange reactions, finding that energetic N+ is more efficient in producing cold H+ compared to O+, and the density structure of cold H+ depends on the mass of the parent ion. The density of cold H+ produced via charge exchange reactions involving N+ can be significantly higher than the local plasmaspheric density, indicating a potential underestimation of plasmasphere density.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. D. Huba, H. -l. Liu
Summary: We demonstrate that atmospheric gravity waves can generate plasma ducts and irregularities in the plasmasphere. The electron density in the equatorial plasmasphere exhibits irregularity as a function of longitude, consistent with measurements. Plasma ducts with lifetimes of 0.5-2.0 hours can be generated for L-shells in the range 1.5-3.0, aligning with observations of ducted VLF wave propagation.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Alsalama, Y. Tong, G. R. Berdiyorov, Vladimir Esaulov, H. Hamoudi
Summary: The stability and uniform coverage of molecular self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on metal substrates is crucial for device integration. Electron irradiation-induced intermolecular crosslinking is one strategy to enhance the stability of SAMs. In this study, biphenyl-4-4-thiol molecules were densely packed into SAMs after electron radiation, and nitrogen atoms in 4'-Mercapto-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carbonitrile molecules were used as markers to estimate the reduction of SAM coverage area. The experimental results were supported by density functional theory calculations, and the findings can be important for creating stable molecular SAM devices using an alternating irradiation and refilling procedure.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. -F. Ripoll, S. A. Thaller, D. P. Hartley, G. S. Cunningham, V. Pierrard, W. S. Kurth, C. A. Kletzing, J. R. Wygant
Summary: This study deduced the density of electron plasma and extracted the boundaries of the plasmasphere using data from NASA's Van Allen Probes. The study also proposed new models for radiation belt codes and found variations in the boundaries of the plasmasphere.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huai Guan, Hui Xie, Zhao-Ping Luo, Wei-Kang Bao, Ze-Sheng You, Zhaohui Jin, Hai-Jun Jin
Summary: We present an extreme case of composition-modulated nanomaterial formed by selective etching and electrochemical refilling. The material consists of two interwoven nanophases with identical crystal structures separated by smoothly curved interfaces with high-density misfit dislocations. This material demonstrates superior mechanical properties and provides new possibilities for modulating material structure and composition at the nanoscale.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Philipp Klockner, Thorsten Reemtsma, Stephan Wagner
Summary: The study analyzed the metal and metalloid content of plastic items from urban, freshwater and marine environments, as well as from household items and electric supplies, revealing that most metals had a content below 1 mg/kg and did not exceed legal limits, with iron and zinc having the highest contents. Investigation suggested that pigments were the likely source of metals in plastics, and compared to natural and anthropogenic materials in rivers and oceans, the metal content in plastic items was within the same order of magnitude.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ming Wang, Guangyu Zhao, Xiaoming Bai, Weijian Yu, Chenghao Zhao, Zhenren Gao, Pengbo Lyu, Zhaoyu Chen, Naiqing Zhang
Summary: The stability of oxygen vacancies in batteries during aqueous electrolyte cycling has been improved by filling with different impurity atoms. The gradient concentration refilling of N achieves the most stable state of the oxygen vacancy with a minimum energy formation. The Zn3V2O7(OH)(2)& BULL;2H(2)O with partial oxygen vacancies filled with gradient N (N-V-O-ZVO) shows stable oxygen vacancies, a low Zn2+ diffusion energy barrier, and excellent electrochemical performance.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Tursi, Valerio Papa, Loris Riccardo Lopetuso, Carlo Romano Settanni, Antonio Gasbarrini, Alfredo Papa
Summary: This review summarizes the important role of gut microbiota in diverticulosis and diverticular disease (DD), highlighting the association between GM imbalance and the clinical manifestations of DD. The available data is compared with that of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the rationale for using probiotics to rebalance dysbiosis in DD is discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Kamalalayam Rajan Sreejith, Pradip Singha, Nhat-Khuong Nguyen, Chin Hong Ooi, Dzung Viet Dao, Nam-Trung Nguyen
Summary: Liquid marbles, liquid droplets coated with hydrophobic powder, are a useful microfluidic platform but are prone to evaporation. This paper reports a noninvasive technique using vapor transfer and condensation concept to automatically refill liquid marbles.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wolfram Buss, Isabel Hilber, Margaret C. Graham, Ondrej Masek
Summary: The relationship between biomass feedstock, production process parameters, and the speciation of PAHs in biochar is crucial. It was found that the design of the pyrolysis unit plays a more significant role in determining the PAHs content in biochar than specific pyrolysis parameters or feedstocks.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xuesong Liu, Peng Liu, Feifei Wang, Xingbin Lv, Tao Yang, Wen Tian, Caihong Wang, Shuai Tan, Junyi Ji
Summary: The study introduces a novel method for preparing highly efficient water splitting electrocatalysts by increasing atomic defects through plasma treatment and doping to enhance the stability of active sites. The electrocatalysts exhibit low overpotentials in both the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction, making them suitable for overall water splitting applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Desy Purnami Singgih Putri, Yoshiya Kasahara, Mamoru Ota, Shoya Matsuda, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Atsushi Kumamoto, Ayako Matsuoka, Yoshizumi Miyoshi
Summary: This paper proposes a technique to correct plasmaspheric electron density profiles using ray tracing and dispersion analyses of lightning whistlers. The Global Core Plasma Model and the International Reference Ionosphere are used as reference density profiles, and modifications are made to satisfy the dispersion characteristics of observed whistlers. The method is applied to two lightning whistler events and the effect of density modification on ray path delay time is analyzed.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yiyue Zhang, Noah J. Planavsky, Mingyu Zhao, Terry Isson, Dan Asael, Changle Wang, Fei Wang
Summary: Zinc is an essential element in the marine environment, and its isotope signature can be used to track the evolution of the biological pump. Research has shown that the delta Zn-66 value of organic Zn increases with water depth, supporting the idea that isotopically light Zn is predominantly buried in shallow high-productivity sediments.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
