Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yao Yao, Yong Luo, Jianbin Huang, Jinyu Ma
Summary: Central Asia is vulnerable to climate change due to limited water resources and fragile ecosystems. Meteorological observations in the region are limited, which hinders the study of its climate, hydrology, and ecology. By assimilating both atmospheric and snow data, improvements were seen in the simulation of springtime temperatures in Central Asia, with a reduction in cold bias and better representation of snow melt. This led to a warmer land surface, stronger sublimation and evaporation, and improved simulation of soil moisture.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jie Huang, Jinfang Yin, Minzhong Wang, Qing He, Jianping Guo, Jiantao Zhang, Xudong Liang, Yanxin Xie
Summary: Five reanalysis products were evaluated based on radiosonde data in the Central Taklimakan Desert (CTD), with ERA5 showing the best performance and NCEP2 producing the largest error. The errors of all reanalysis data exhibit significant diurnal variations.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Michael Tjernstrom, Gunilla Svensson, Linus Magnusson, Ian M. Brooks, John Prytherch, Jutta Vullers, Gillian Young
Summary: Forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts' numerical weather prediction model were evaluated using observations from the 2018 Arctic Ocean expedition. The study found that errors in the model are categorized into two groups: dynamics-related variables that grow with forecast length, and thermodynamic variables that exhibit fast error growth and a warm bias in surface temperatures. The errors in surface temperature are attributed to the atmosphere being too warm and a transfer of additional heat from the atmosphere to the surface.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emma L. L. Hoffman, Bulusu Subrahmanyam, Corinne B. B. Trott, Sarah B. B. Hall
Summary: Freshwater content (FWC) in the Arctic Ocean has changed in quantity and distribution, driven by changes in freshwater sources and major currents. This study analyzed FWC variability from 1993 to 2021 using observations, ocean models, and reanalysis products. Models underestimated FWC in the Beaufort Gyre, but correlated well with observations. ORAS5 showed the best agreement with salinity data. Comparisons between models and observations identified discrepancies and highlighted areas for improvement in understanding Arctic FWC. These products are crucial for studying the dynamic and vulnerable Arctic Ocean.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zen Mariani, Laura Huang, Robert Crawford, Jean-Pierre Blanchet, Shannon Hicks-Jalali, Eva Mekis, Ludovick Pelletier, Peter Rodriguez, Kevin Strawbridge
Summary: The changing Arctic climate has increased the need for reliable weather information in economic, transportation, and recreational activities. However, the Canadian Arctic lacks meteorological data and understanding of weather processes. To address this, Environment and Climate Change Canada has established two supersites to enhance meteorological observations, support operational forecasting, and provide recommendations for an optimal observing system in the Canadian Arctic.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dariusz Ignatiuk, Malgorzata Blaszczyk, Tomasz Budzik, Mariusz Grabiec, Jacek A. Jania, Marta Kondracka, Michal Laska, Lukasz Malarzewski, Lukasz Stachnik
Summary: The warming of the Arctic climate, known as Arctic amplification, is the focus of this study, which presents glaciological and meteorological data collected in southern Spitsbergen from 2009 to 2020. The data includes air temperature, humidity, wind speed, radiation, snow depth, snow density, and glacier mass balance measurements. The datasets serve as valuable resources for studying processes in the polar environment and can be used for hydrological and glaciological modeling and remote sensing product calibration.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Long Qian, Lifeng Wu, Xiaogang Liu, Yaokui Cui, Yongwen Wang
Summary: This study evaluates the performance of China Meteorological Administration Land Data Assimilation System (CLDAS) and two simplified machine learning models in estimating ET0 when there is insufficient meteorological data in China. The results show that both methods have different levels of accuracy when certain data are missing in the weather station, and provide solutions for the estimation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ju-Seok Han, Hyo-Seok Park, Eui-Seok Chung
Summary: This study analyzes climate models to demonstrate the wide range of responses in central Arctic sea surface temperatures (SSTs) as a result of the projected ice-free summer Arctic. It shows that the extent of warming in the central Arctic in August-September is loosely correlated with September sea ice extent, but more strongly connected to sea ice extent in spring to early summer. Certain climate models predict a complete disappearance of the perennial sea ice cover in September, leading to a 5 to 8 degree Celsius rise in central Arctic SSTs by the end of the 21st century.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jong -Min Kim, Sang -Woo Kim, Byung-Ju Sohn, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Sang-Moo Lee, Young-Joo Kwon, Hoyeon Shi, Andrey V. Pnyushkov
Summary: A method was developed to estimate pan-Arctic ice draft using spaceborne passive microwave measured brightness temperatures. The method was validated using upward-looking sonar measurements and ice mass balance buoy measurements. The results showed good agreement between the estimated ice draft and the measurements, suggesting the robustness of the estimation method.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Yulan Luo, Lin Liu, Yang Yang, Baochao Liu, Guang Yang, Huiwu Wang, Qinglei Su, Qin He, Kuiping Li, Yongliang Duan, Qiuchi Li, Weidong Yu
Summary: This study evaluates the capabilities of major high-frequency atmospheric reanalysis products in the western Indian Ocean region and finds significant discrepancies in the description of surface wind fields. The diurnal variation between observation and reanalysis data also shows significant differences.
JOURNAL OF SEA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guolin Liu, Guanwen Huang, Ying Xu, Liangyu Ta, Ce Jing, Yu Cao, Ziwei Wang
Summary: Accurate estimation of tropospheric delay is crucial for high-precision navigation and positioning using GNSS. Traditional models are not capable of accurately reflecting changes in tropospheric delay, but with advancements in meteorological observation and numerical weather prediction technology, reanalysis data provides a new solution for inversion and modeling of tropospheric delays. This study evaluates the consistency and accuracy of three different types of reanalysis data in inverting zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) and analyzes the global distribution characteristics of ZTD errors inverted from the reanalysis data.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Irfan Ullah, Xieyao Ma, Jun Yin, Temesgen Gebremariam Asfaw, Kamran Azam, Sidra Syed, Mengyang Liu, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Shahzaman
Summary: Drought is a frequent natural disaster in Pakistan, impacting livelihoods, agriculture, and the economy. Reanalysis products provide relatively accurate assessment of drought in Pakistan, with overestimation of drought severity in western regions. CRU TS and MERRA-2 show significant increasing trends in monthly drought areas and occurrence in dominant arid regions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Natalia Pankratova, Andrey Skorokhod, Igor Belikov, Valery Belousov, Valeria Muravya, Mikhail Flint
Summary: Determining the sources of methane emissions in the Arctic is a complex problem, and data analysis suggests temporal and spatial variations in methane concentrations and isotopic features. The direction of air flow is correlated with surface methane concentration, and there are indications of methane emissions from multiple sources.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
R. Przybylak, P. Wyszynski, A. Arazny
Summary: The main driving mechanisms behind the early-twentieth-century Arctic warming have not been fully recognized due to limited knowledge about the climate during that period. This study provides new insights into the surface air temperature conditions in the Arctic during the early-twentieth-century warming, compared to the contemporary Arctic warming. The results show that the magnitude of warming was greatest in the Pacific and Canadian Arctic regions, and the climate was more continental and less stable during the early-twentieth-century warming.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nebila Lichiheb, Bruce B. Hicks, LaToya Myles
Summary: This study demonstrates how outputs of numerical models can be used for dispersion calculations within the urban surface roughness layer. The forecast outputs of the NAM model are compared with urban meteorological observations from Washington, DC. The NAM wind speed predictions show underestimation in light winds and overestimation in high winds, while the average wind directions are consistent. The results suggest that the model outputs can be used for dispersion calculations, but caution is needed when applying the suggested procedures in low wind speed conditions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Janosch Michaelis, Christof Luepkes, Amelie U. Schmitt, Joerg Hartmann
Summary: A non-eddy-resolving microscale model was used to simulate convection over three different leads in the Arctic Marginal Ice Zone, with the aim of evaluating the quality of local and non-local turbulence parametrizations. The non-local parametrization showed better performance in representing observed phenomena, especially in boundary layer warming and vertical entrainment. Improvements were suggested by considering fetch-dependent inversion height and specifying plume inclination as a function of upwind ABL stratification.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
V. M. Gryanik, C. Lupkes, D. Sidorenko, A. Grachev
Summary: In order to systematically study the impact of surface layer turbulent fluxes in weather prediction and climate models, a simplified non-iterative parameterization method for fluxes was proposed, along with corresponding transfer coefficients for the most advanced SFs.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Janosch Michaelis, Christof Luepkes
Summary: This study investigates the impact of convection over leads in the polar regions on atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) characteristics. The simulations show significant effects of considering both the leads and their geometry on ABL patterns. Additional evaluations of different turbulence parameterizations indicate large effects by gradient-independent heat transport and vertical entrainment.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Vladimir M. Gryanik, Christof Luepkes
Summary: The bulk transfer coefficients of momentum, heat, and humidity are studied in this paper, and transfer coefficients are obtained based on stability functions. The results are compared with coefficients for land, ocean, and sea ice, and two schemes show good agreement with measurements over sea ice. Finally, an algorithm for practical use of transfer coefficients in climate models is provided.
BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mario Mech, Andre Ehrlich, Andreas Herber, Christof Lupkes, Manfred Wendisch, Sebastian Becker, Yvonne Boose, Dmitry Chechin, Susanne Crewell, Regis Dupuy, Christophe Gourbeyre, Joerg Hartmann, Evelyn Jakel, Olivier Jourdan, Leif-Leonard Kliesch, Marcus Klingebiel, Birte Solveig Kulla, Guillaume Mioche, Manuel Moser, Nils Risse, Elena Ruiz-Donoso, Michael Schafer, Johannes Stapf, Christiane Voigt
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mario Mech, Andre Ehrlich, Andreas Herber, Christof Luepkes, Manfred Wendisch, Sebastian Becker, Yvonne Boose, Dmitry Chechin, Susanne Crewell, Regis Dupuy, Christophe Gourbeyre, Joerg Hartmann, Evelyn Jaekel, Olivier Jourdan, Leif-Leonard Kliesch, Marcus Klingebiel, Birte Solveig Kulla, Guillaume Mioche, Manuel Moser, Nils Risse, Elena Ruiz-Donoso, Michael Schaefer, Johannes Stapf, Christiane Voigt
Summary: Two airborne field campaigns were conducted to observe Arctic mixed-phase clouds and boundary layer processes. These comprehensive datasets are valuable for studying Arctic clouds, boundary layer processes, and satellite validation.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mario Mech, Andre Ehrlich, Andreas Herber, Christof Luepkes, Manfred Wendisch, Sebastian Becker, Yvonne Boose, Dmitry Chechin, Susanne Crewell, Regis Dupuy, Christophe Gourbeyre, Joerg Hartmann, Evelyn Jaekel, Olivier Jourdan, Leif-Leonard Kliesch, Marcus Klingebiel, Birte Solveig Kulla, Guillaume Mioche, Manuel Moser, Nils Risse, Elena Ruiz-Donoso, Michael Schaefer, Johannes Stapf, Christiane Voigt
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
M. Gryschka, V. M. Gryanik, C. Luepkes, Z. Mostafa, M. Suehring, B. Witha, S. Raasch
Summary: Sea ice leads are important in energy exchange between the ocean and atmosphere in polar regions and need to be considered in weather and climate models. The lead-averaged surface heat flux depends not only on meteorological parameters but also on lead width. However, there have been limited studies on the dependency of surface heat flux on lead width.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Amelie U. Schmitt, Christof Luepkes
Summary: Arctic sea ice has been decreasing in all seasons due to rapid atmospheric warming. This study focuses on the wider Fram Strait region and analyzes the connection between observed near-surface variables and local sea ice conditions. Reanalysis data and sea ice concentrations are used for the analysis. The results show decreasing sea ice cover and increasing temperature and humidity trends in the western Nansen Basin and Greenland sea region.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jan Chylik, Dmitry Chechin, Regis Dupuy, Birte S. Kulla, Christof Luepkes, Stephan Mertes, Mario Mech, Roel A. J. Neggers
Summary: This study simulates the springtime Arctic mixed-phase convection over open water in the Fram Strait using large-eddy simulation (LES) model, and evaluates the model's ability to reproduce the observed convection. It is found that aerosol modulates the turbulent mixing and cloud transformation, as well as the thermal structure, lapse rate, and energy budget of the low-level air mass. The study also suggests that initializing the model with in situ aerosol data provides the best agreement with the observed cloud and turbulence, emphasizing the importance of measuring aerosol concentration during field campaigns for high-resolution modeling efforts.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dmitry G. Chechin, Christof Luepkes, Joerg Hartmann, Andre Ehrlich, Manfred Wendisch
Summary: This study investigates the role of clouds in the Arctic amplification process, focusing on cloud processes such as radiative and turbulent fluxes. The analysis of aircraft observation data reveals the vertical structure of turbulence in the cloudy boundary layer. The study shows that cloud-top cooling can be a significant source of turbulent kinetic energy in weak wind conditions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Janosch Michaelis, Amelie U. Schmitt, Christof Lupkes, Jorg Hartmann, Gerit Birnbaum, Timo Vihma
Summary: In March 2013, the Springtime Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment (STABLE) was conducted to investigate the impact of interactions between sea ice, the atmosphere, and open water on atmospheric convection and boundary layer modifications. The study focused on observing marine cold-air outbreaks (MCAOs), particularly during a period of northward-shifted sea ice edge and a large Whaler's Bay polynya north of Svalbard. In situ measurements and dropsonde releases were used to collect data, which were quality-processed and made available for model validation. The study provides insights into the characteristics and effects of MCAOs.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anna A. Shestakova, Dmitry G. Chechin, Christof Luepkes, Joerg Hartmann, Marion Maturilli
Summary: This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the foehn episode over Svalbard in May 2017, focusing on the isentropic drawdown-induced warming. The observed foehn warming structure is similar to that over the Antarctic Peninsula, and it shows a significant spatial heterogeneity. Additionally, the foehn phenomenon influences the temperature gradient and accelerates snowmelt in the valleys.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)