Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinxi Chen, Rong Li, Minghui Tao, Lili Wang, Changqing Lin, Jun Wang, Lunche Wang, Yi Wang, Liangfu Chen
Summary: Satellite fire observations are crucial for estimating global biomass burning emissions. This study evaluates the performance of common satellite fire products in eastern China and finds large omission errors and algorithm defects in different types of satellite observations. Himawari-8 shows a higher fire count but with more false alarms. Small agricultural fires that are not detected by common satellite fires are discovered by UAV supervision.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuanqian Xu, Zhijiong Huang, Jiamin Ou, Guanglin Jia, Lili Wu, Huilin Liu, Menghua Lu, Meng Fan, Jing Wei, Liangfu Chen, Junyu Zheng
Summary: This study proposed a new approach to improve the estimation of open biomass burning (OBB) emissions and developed hourly gridded OBB emissions in China. The new approach, which fuses multiple active fires detected by various satellite instruments, provides more accurate estimations compared to existing datasets. This approach enables better understanding of the spatiotemporal variations of OBB emissions, enhances air quality modeling and forecasting, and supports the formulation of effective prevention and control policies for OBB.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Franz Richter, Freddy X. Jervis, Xinyan Huang, Guillermo Rein
Summary: The study investigated the effect of oxygen concentration and heat flux on the burning and ignition behavior of particleboard, a proxy for woody construction materials. Findings showed that under different oxygen concentrations, particleboard undergoes pyrolysis, smouldering, or flaming, with significant impacts on charring rate. Smouldering and flaming were found to increase charring rate by 25% and 37% respectively, highlighting their importance for timber construction.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bing Bai, Hongmei Zhao, Sumei Zhang, Xuelei Zhang, Yabin Du
Summary: This study forecasted crop fires in Northeastern China using MODIS satellite data and artificial neural networks, considering both natural and anthropogenic factors. The forecast accuracy ranged from 77.01% to 60%, with significant correlations found between air pressure, soil moisture content changes, daily soil moisture content, and open burning. The results improve our ability to predict agricultural fires and provide a scientific framework for regional prevention and control of crop residue burning.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Farouk Lemmouchi, Juan Cuesta, Maxim Eremenko, Claude Derognat, Guillaume Siour, Gaelle Dufour, Pasquale Sellitto, Solene Turquety, Dung Tran, Xiong Liu, Peter Zoogman, Ronny Lutz, Diego Loyola
Summary: This paper presents a new passive satellite remote sensing approach for observing the three-dimensional distribution of aerosols emitted from wildfires. The approach uses satellite data and reflectance spectra to adjust the distribution and abundance of aerosols, and the results are compared with other observation data to demonstrate its effectiveness and accuracy. The study reveals the spatial distribution and height of aerosols, and reveals the relationship between aerosols, fire intensity, and atmospheric stability. This approach is of great significance for aerosol research and prediction.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emilio Chuvieco, M. Lucrecia Pettinari, Nikos Koutsias, Matthias Forkel, Stijn Hantson, Marco Turco
Summary: Biomass burning is a critical factor affecting vegetation and atmospheric trends with societal implications, and its interannual variability is influenced by human control of fires, climate factors, and fuel availability. Areas with higher average burned area have lower variability in burnings, and factors like temperature, evapotranspiration, and human development index play a role in determining the interannual variability of burned area.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tomohiro Shiraishi, Ryuichi Hirata, Takashi Hirano
Summary: This study created eight global CO2 emission inventories from 2001 to 2020 by combining various data sources, revealing high uncertainty in emission estimation. Input datasets, particularly biomass density, were found to have a significant impact on CO2 emission estimation. The study assessed the performance of climate and fire models by emphasizing the uncertainty of fire emission estimation resulting from the input sources.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Zhou, Yuying Zhang, Beibei Zhao, Jianlei Lang, Xiangchen Xia, Dongsheng Chen, Shuiyuan Cheng
Summary: The study found a significant logarithmic relationship between OBP and FRE, and developed FRE-based OBP estimation models for different regions in China. The estimated OBP showed an increasing trend from 2003 to 2014, followed by a sharp decrease from 2014 to 2018. Using year-specific OBP for estimation significantly improved accuracy in emissions calculations from open biomass burning.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohammad Zahir Akbari, Duangduean Thepnuan, Wan Wiriya, Rungruang Janta, Praphatsorn Punsompong, Phonpat Hemwan, Arisara Charoenpanyanet, Somporn Chantara
Summary: Emission factors of metals bound with PM2.5 from biomass burning were obtained through experiments, with significant emissions in Upper Northern Thailand in 2019 primarily from burning in forests and agricultural areas. The study also found that metals remained in the environment for a long time after burning.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Remote Sensing
Xiaoyue Tan, Ruilin Chen, Xiaolin Zhu, Xi Li, Jin Chen, Man Sing Wong, Shuai Xu, Yi Nam Xu
Summary: Remotely sensed light imagery provides a unique perspective for monitoring high-frequency human activities. This study proposes a spatial-temporal hierarchical analysis strategy to evaluate the factors and uncertainties affecting daily nighttime light (NTL) time series. The experiments conducted on two populous regions show that the NTL variations are stronger in Northern America compared to East Asia, with different patterns related to seasonality and day-to-day changing factors. Generalized linear models are built to capture the relationship between NTL and influential factors, revealing the varying impacts of environmental and observational conditions on NTL.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arnan Araza, Sytze de Bruin, Lars Hein, Martin Herold
Summary: This paper analyzes the application of carbon fluxes in supporting UNSEEA carbon accounting in five countries and provides recommendations for reducing under-sampling and improving uncertainty calculation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Remote Sensing
Tom Eames, Roland Vernooij, Jeremy Russell-Smith, Cameron Yates, Andrew Edwards, Guido R. van der Werf
Summary: Tropical savannas and grasslands are frequently burned biomes, and fire plays an important role in sustaining ecosystem processes. Modern management of savanna fires incorporates traditional practices and earth observation data. This study proposes a remote sensing-based method for determining the end of the early dry season (EDS) burning window in order to prevent more destructive fires in the late dry season (LDS). The research finds that fuel connectivity is a strong driving factor for variability in EDS transition dates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qirui Zhong, Nick Schutgens, Guido R. van der Werf, Twan van Noije, Susanne E. Bauer, Kostas Tsigaridis, Tero Mielonen, Ramiro Checa-Garcia, David Neubauer, Zak Kipling, Alf Kirkevag, Dirk J. L. Olivie, Harri Kokkola, Hitoshi Matsui, Paul Ginoux, Toshihiko Takemura, Philippe Le Sager, Samuel Remy, Huisheng Bian, Mian Chin
Summary: Biomass burning is a major source of uncertainty in global radiative forcing, and modeling the aerosol optical depth (AOD) over biomass burning regions is challenging. This study finds that AOD biases in aerosol modeling are primarily caused by incorrect lifetimes and underestimated mass extinction coefficients, which in turn are related to incorrect precipitation and particle size underestimation. Increasing biomass burning emissions to correct AOD biases leads to overestimation of AOD in outflow from Africa, resulting in a double warming effect. Error attribution based on model relationships and satellite observations suggests that errors in global models are more important than emission errors in creating overall uncertainties for biomass burning aerosols.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muyang Lin, Toritseju Begho
Summary: This paper reviews the literature on crop residue burning in South Asia, focusing on the scale, environmental implications, drivers, and remedies of this widespread practice. Studies have shown that crop residue burning is a major contributor to atmospheric pollution in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), leading to soil degradation, erosion risk, and increased soil temperature. The main reasons for farmers to engage in this practice are the high cost and labor required for alternative methods of incorporating, collecting, transporting, and processing crop residues. To address this issue, promoting the use of agricultural machines, adopting in-situ practices, changing crop varieties, and raising awareness are crucial steps.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chong-Shu Zhu, Yao Qu, Zhi-Sheng Zhang, Ting Zhang, Wen-Ting Dai, Jun-Ji Cao
Summary: This study investigated the contribution of biomass burning to atmospheric particulate matter in the Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that biomass burning tracers were highly concentrated in high altitude areas, with the highest concentrations observed in the northeastern and southwestern regions. Local emissions were found to be an important contributor in these areas. This study improves our understanding of biomass burning characteristics and effects in the Tibetan Plateau.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Travis D. D. Toth, Jianglong Zhang, Mark A. A. Vaughan, Jeffrey S. S. Reid, James R. R. Campbell
Summary: This study uses NASA CALIOP data to derive the multi-year mean and trends of PM2.5 concentrations in the contiguous United States. The results show a promising relationship between CALIOP-derived PM2.5 and EPA-observed PM2.5, and suggest that air quality is generally improving in the eastern CONUS. The study also finds positive PM2.5 trends during the wildfire season in the western CONUS.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
David A. Peterson, Laura H. Thapa, Pablo E. Saide, Amber J. Soja, Emily M. Gargulinski, Edward J. Hyer, Bernadett Weinzierl, Maximilian Dollner, Manuel Schoberl, Philippe P. Papin, Shobha Kondragunta, Christopher P. Camacho, Charles Ichoku, Richard H. Moore, Johnathan W. Hair, James H. Crawford, Philip E. Dennison, Olga Kalashnikova, Christel E. Bennese, Thaopaul P. Bui, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Marta A. Fenn, Hannah S. Halliday, Jose Jimenez, John B. Nowak, Claire Robinson, Kevin Sanchez, Taylor J. Shingler, Lee Thornhill, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward Winstead, Chuanyu Xu
Summary: The 2019 FIREX-AQ field experiment collected valuable data on the impact of fires on regional and global environments and air quality. The study focuses on pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) events, which transport smoke into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). The dataset confirms an increase in the magnitude of smoke plumes in the UTLS due to unprecedented wildfire and pyroCb activity worldwide. The study also investigates the influence of fire geometry and spatial extent on pyroCb activity, as well as the composition of smoke plumes lifted into the UTLS.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jeffrey S. Reid, Amanda Gumber, Jianglong Zhang, Robert E. Holz, Juli Rubin, Peng Xian, Alexander Smirnov, Thomas F. Eck, Norman T. O'Neill, Robert C. Levy, Elizabeth A. Reid, Peter R. Colarco, Angela Benedetti, Taichu Tanaka
Summary: While satellite retrievals and data assimilation techniques have advanced in monitoring maritime Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), there are still uncertainties in distinguishing different species and improving degrees of freedom. Analysis of satellite data and models reveals regional differences related to terrestrial influence and latitude. MODIS and C4C exhibit biases in estimating AOD and fine mode AOD, particularly for high AOD values and high wind speeds. The study highlights the strengths and challenges of MODIS and C4C products for specific climate applications.
Article
Optics
Bryan M. Karpowicz, Patrick G. Stegmann, Benjamin T. Johnson, Hui W. Christophersen, Edward J. Hyer, Andrew Lambert, Eric Simon
Summary: The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) is a powerful radiative transfer model used for satellite data assimilation and remote sensing applications. pyCRTM is a new software framework that interfaces with CRTM Fortran in Python, providing a simpler and more flexible way to learn and use CRTM.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Melinda T. T. Berman, Xinxin Ye, Laura H. H. Thapa, David A. A. Peterson, Edward J. J. Hyer, Amber J. J. Soja, Emily M. M. Gargulinski, Ivan Csiszar, Christopher C. C. Schmidt, Pablo E. E. Saide
Summary: In this study, a novel algorithm is developed to estimate hourly accumulated burned area using non-convex polygons containing VIIRS active-fire detections. Hourly time series are created by combining VIIRS estimates with FRP estimates from GOES-17 data. The results show that the hourly accumulation of burned area for multiple fires from 2019 to 2020 generally correlate strongly with airborne IR observations, exhibiting correlation coefficient values usually greater than 0.95 and errors <20%.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Francis A. Turney, Pablo E. Saide, Pedro A. Jimenez Munoz, Domingo Munoz-Esparza, Edward J. Hyer, David A. Peterson, Maria E. Frediani, Timothy W. Juliano, Amy L. DeCastro, Branko Kosovic, Xinxin Ye, Laura H. Thapa
Summary: Predicting the evolution of wildfires, including burned area, smoke emissions, and energy release, is crucial for air quality forecasting and emergency response planning. This study compares a coupled fire-weather model with current methods used in air quality forecasts. The results show that incorporating containment efforts in the model has the greatest impact on accurate predictions of daily burned area.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Meng Zhou, Jun Wang, Lorena Castro Garcia, Xi Chen, Arlindo M. da Silva, Zhuosen Wang, Miguel O. Roman, Edward J. Hyer, Steven D. Miller
Summary: We introduce the second-generation Fire Light Detection Algorithm (FILDA-2), which improves fire detection and retrieval of radiative power (FRP), fire visible energy fraction (VEF), and fire modified combustion efficiency (MCE) using multiple-spectral radiances measured by VIIRS. FILDA-2 can detect smaller and cooler fires than the operational VIIRS algorithm and provides daily global pixel-level characterizations of MCE for nighttime surface fires.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hyungwon John Park, Jeffrey S. S. Reid, Livia S. S. Freire, Christopher Jackson, David H. H. Richter
Summary: The representation of in situ measurements of sea spray or dust particles is a likely contributor to the unrealistic range of flux and concentration outcomes in the literature. This paper conducts high-resolution large eddy simulations to better understand the temporal evolution and volumetric variability of coarse-to-giant-mode marine aerosol particles and their relationship to turbulent transport. The results show that turbulent flux sampling is influenced by spatial length scales, sampling methods, and atmospheric stability.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eva-Lou Edwards, Jeffrey S. Reid, Peng Xian, Sharon P. Burton, Anthony L. Cook, Ewan C. Crosbie, Marta A. Fenn, Richard A. Ferrare, Sean W. Freeman, John W. Hair, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Claire E. Robinson, Amy Jo Scarino, Michael A. Shook, G. Alexander Sokolowsky, Susan C. van den Heever, Edward L. Winstead, Sarah Woods, Luke D. Ziemba, Armin Sorooshian
Summary: Monitoring and modeling aerosol particle life cycle in Southeast Asia faces challenges due to cloud cover, meteorology, and diverse aerosol species. This study evaluates the accuracy of an aerosol model in providing crucial information for the region through comparisons with airborne aerosol and meteorological measurements. The results show good agreement between the modeled and retrieved aerosol properties, despite the challenging environment and limited satellite observations.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Xian, Jianglong Zhang, Norm T. O'Neill, Jeffrey S. Reid, Travis D. Toth, Blake Sorenson, Edward J. Hyer, James R. Campbell, Keyvan Ranjbar
Summary: In this study, the climatology and trend of Arctic aerosol optical depth (AOD) for the spring and summer periods from 2003 to 2019 were analyzed, and the statistics and trends of extreme AOD events in the Arctic were reported. Extreme events were mainly dominated by fine-mode aerosol particles, with biomass burning (BB) smoke events being the main cause in the North American Arctic, the Asian Arctic, and most areas of the Arctic Ocean.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Xian, Jianglong Zhang, Norm T. O'Neill, Travis D. Toth, Blake Sorenson, Peter R. Colarco, Zak Kipling, Edward J. Hyer, James R. Campbell, Jeffrey S. Reid, Keyvan Ranjbar
Summary: This study presents a climatology and trend analysis of Arctic aerosol optical depth (AOD) during the spring and summertime periods from 2003 to 2019. The results show consistent spatial patterns and trends in AOD in the Arctic, and the aerosol reanalyses provide more reliable results compared to climate models. Black carbon AOD is mainly from biomass burning sources, and AOD exhibits significant interannual variations driven by fine-mode and biomass burning smoke.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Matthew S. Norgren, John Wood, K. Sebastian Schmidt, Bastiaan van Diedenhoven, Snorre A. Stamnes, Luke D. Ziemba, Ewan C. Crosbie, Michael A. Shook, A. Scott Kittelman, Samuel E. LeBlanc, Stephen Broccardo, Steffen Freitag, Jeffrey S. Reid
Summary: This study develops methods to retrieve fine-mode aerosol and total optical depths from airborne platforms using spectral irradiance measurements. The retrieval methods were validated using co-located measurements and show good accuracy.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sujung Go, Alexei Lyapustin, Gregory L. Schuster, Myungje Choi, Paul Ginoux, Mian Chin, Olga Kalashnikova, Oleg Dubovik, Jhoon Kim, Arlindo da Silva, Brent Holben, Jeffrey S. Reid
Summary: The iron-oxide content of dust in the atmosphere, specifically hematite and goethite, was retrieved using measurements from the EPIC instrument on the DSCOVR satellite and the MAIAC algorithm. Comparisons were made with in situ measurements and published data, showing variations within the expected ranges. The study revealed differences in iron-oxide concentrations in dust particles from different regions, which will be valuable for dust shortwave DRE studies and climate modeling.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
