Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sylvain Breton, Cathy Quantin-Nataf, Lu Pan, Lucia Mandon, Matthieu Volat
Summary: Impact craters are widely used to investigate the geologic history of planetary surfaces. In this study, the authors propose a method to combine crater density and morphology, resulting in the Crater Size and Depth Frequency Distribution (CSDFD) that can provide insights into the obliteration history of the crater population. Results obtained from applying this method to Mars' global crater database are consistent with the known geologic history of the planet, and also reveal continuous activity in the Northern Lowlands surface.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
N. Murdoch, A. E. Stott, M. Gillier, R. Hueso, M. Lemmon, G. Martinez, V. Apestigue, D. Toledo, R. D. Lorenz, B. Chide, A. Munguira, A. Sanchez-Lavega, A. Vicente-Retortillo, C. E. Newman, S. Maurice, M. de la Torre Juarez, T. Bertrand, D. Banfield, S. Navarro, M. Marin, J. Torres, J. Gomez-Elvira, X. Jacob, A. Cadu, A. Sournac, J. A. Rodriguez-Manfredi, R. C. Wiens, D. Mimoun
Summary: Dust devils are important indicators of atmospheric turbulence and dust cycle on Mars. Understanding dust lifting and atmospheric transport is crucial for predicting dust storms and future space exploration. By using acoustic data recorded by the SuperCam instrument, the sound of a Martian dust devil provides valuable information about the wind structure and grain fluxes on Mars.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin M. Tutolo, Nicholas J. Tosca
Summary: The alteration of olivine-rich rocks to serpentine minerals, (hydr)oxides, and aqueous hydrogen through serpentinization is believed to have had significant effects on the habitable environments, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of early Mars. However, the planetary importance of Martian serpentinization has been debated. A study of serpentinized iron-rich olivines from the Duluth Complex suggests that Martian serpentinization would have produced five times more hydrogen compared to terrestrial mantle peridotites. Contrary to previous expectations, this style of serpentinization generates hisingerite as the dominant iron serpentine mineral at relatively low temperature and pH, consistent with meteorite mineralogy and rover data. The widespread occurrence of oxidized iron-bearing phyllosilicates in highly magnetized regions of the Martian crust supports the hypothesis that serpentinization was more pervasive on early Mars than previously thought.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
T. Neidhart, E. K. Sansom, K. Miljkovic, G. S. Collins, J. Eschenfelder, I. J. Daubar
Summary: We studied 634 clusters of craters on Mars detected from 2007 to 2021, which account for more than half of all impacts found during this period. These clusters are formed when meteoroids in the 10 kg-10 ton mass range break apart in Mars' atmosphere, producing a few to a few hundred fragments that impact the ground. The characteristics of these clusters can provide insights into meteoroid properties and the processes governing their fragmentation. By mapping individual craters within each cluster and analyzing their spatial and size distributions, we defined a range of cluster properties. This large dataset, with over eight times more cluster observations than previous studies, allows for a more comprehensive statistical examination of crater cluster parameters and their correlations. The trends in size, dispersion, and large crater fraction with elevation support the idea of weak atmospheric filtering of materials. The variations in the number of individual craters and their size-frequency distributions within a cluster may reflect differences in fragmentation style, fragility, or internal particle sizes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Marco Matzka, Alexander Ruf, Benedicte Menez, Hasnaa Chennaoui Aoudjehane, Mourad Harir, Marianna Lucio, Jasmine Hertzog, Norbert Hertkorn, Regis D. Gougeon, Victor Hoffmann, NancyW. Hinman, Ludovic Ferriere, Ansgar Greshake, Zelimir Gabelica, Laszlo Trif, Andrew Steele
Summary: This study reveals a wide range of organic compounds in the Tissint Mars meteorite, showing nonuniform distribution in functionality and abundance. The organics in Tissint meteorite include abundant C3-7 aliphatic branched carboxylic acids and aldehydes, olefins, and polyaromatics with and without heteroatoms, forming a homologous oxidation structural continuum. Organomagnesium compounds are highly abundant in olivine macrocrystals and melt veins, indicating specific organo-synthesis processes in close interaction with magnesium silicates and temperature stresses. The diversity and abundance of complex molecules suggest heterogeneity in organic speciation within the martian mantle and crust over geological time.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Q. Nenon, A. R. Poppe, A. Rahmati, J. P. McFadden
Summary: The escaping ions from Mars's atmosphere impact its moon Phobos asymmetrically, leading to differences in flux distribution and accelerated weathering. This may provide valuable information for future sample return missions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peng Fang, Wenzhe Fa, Jinhai Zhang, Yangting Lin
Summary: This study demonstrates how radar data can be used to understand regional depositional processes by processing orbital radar data, performing dielectric property inversion, and interpreting geological structures. It serves as a reference for studying the geological history of similar regional structures on Mars.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Danyang Liu, Weiming Cheng, Zhen Qian, Jiayin Deng, Jianzhong Liu, Xunming Wang
Summary: This study proposes a boundary delineator for Martian crater instances (BDMCI) that uses fusion data to accurately detect the boundaries of Martian impact craters. It combines optical images, digital elevation models, and slope of elevation difference data to identify the boundaries. Deep learning is used to train multiple models at various scales, and postprocessing methods are employed to repair fractured patches. The study provides a reference for terrain feature identification and demonstrates the potential of deep learning algorithms in planetary science research.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. Rajsic, K. Miljkovic, G. S. Collins, K. Wuennemann, I. J. Daubar, N. Wojcicka, M. A. Wieczorek
Summary: This study investigates the seismic efficiency of small meteorite impacts on the near surface of Mars, finding that seismic efficiency is highly sensitive to the speed of sound and elastic threshold in the target medium. The results help understand the properties of the Martian crust and improve the detectability of impacts through seismic signals.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Lagain, S. Bouley, B. Zanda, K. Miljkovic, A. Rajsic, D. Baratoux, V. Payre, L. S. Doucet, N. E. Timms, R. Hewins, G. K. Benedix, V. Malarewic, K. Servis, P. A. Bland
Summary: This study focuses on a Martian meteorite, NWA 7034, which contains the oldest known Martian igneous material. It reveals the source and geological context of the meteorite, showing that it was ejected from the Terra Cimmeria-Sirenum province in the southern hemisphere of Mars. The findings suggest that this province is a relic of the early Martian crust and holds valuable information about the planet's early crustal processes. It also highlights the importance of this region as a potential landing site for future missions aiming to study the history of Mars and other terrestrial planets.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tetyana Milojevic, Mihaela Albu, Denise Kolbl, Gerald Kothleitner, Robert Bruner, Matthew L. Morgan
Summary: Multiple lines of evidence suggest an active hydrogeological history of Mars and environments suitable for chemolithoautotrophy. Future missions aim to search for signs of ancient life on Mars. Laboratory-scaled research on Noachian Martian breccia revealed microbial-assisted biotransformation, providing insight into the distribution of meteorite inorganic constituents in microbial cells.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Cesar Alvarez-Llamas, Pablo Purohit, Javier Moros, Javier Laserna
Summary: In this study, a mid-level fusion approach using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and acoustic data is developed to enhance the discrimination capabilities of iron-based and calcium-based mineral phases with similar spectral features. The results demonstrate that the characteristic sample input in the laser-produced acoustic wave can be used to improve the capabilities of LIBS in differentiating rocks.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. Mandon, P. Beck, C. Quantin-Nataf, E. Dehouck, P. Thollot, D. Loizeau, M. Volat
Summary: The ROMA database provides reflectance spectra of various terrestrial, Martian, and synthetic samples for comparison with data acquired by spectrometers on planetary surfaces; it includes spectra of unprocessed rocks for more realistic spectral information; future updates will further enhance the interpretation of spectral measurements on rock surfaces.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Ryskul Bolatkyzy Tursunkhanova, Victor Petrovich Sergeev, Mark Petrovich Kalashnikov, Oleg Viktorovich Sergeev, Vasily Viktorovich Neufeld
Summary: This article discusses the improvement of mechanical properties and protection of glass materials in optical systems used in space vehicles. It suggests using multi-phase nanocomposite shock-resistant transparent coatings made of indium-tin oxide (ITO) on the surface of glass plates. Research shows that ITO coatings remain transparent in the visible spectrum and consist mainly of nanocrystalline In2O3 phase. These coatings demonstrate resistance to shock impact and can reduce crater density on glass surfaces caused by solid microparticles. The reduction in crater density is attributed to the reinforcement of the glass surface layer by the nanocomposite coating and the dissipation of energy through normal shock waves.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Michelle Tebolt, Timothy A. Goudge
Summary: By using high-resolution orbital data, this study examines the stratigraphy of 15 fan deposits on Mars, identifying a previously undocumented delta deposit. Most fan outcrops show no slope break characteristic of a delta, indicating they cannot be conclusively classified as such. Erosion and modification since lithification are important factors to consider when interpreting the morphology of these landforms on Mars.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Liana C. Del Gobbo, Shahab Khatibzadeh, Fumiaki Imamura, Renata Micha, Peilin Shi, Matthew Smith, Samuel S. Myers, Dariush Mozaffarian
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2015)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher Golden, Edward H. Allison, William W. L. Cheung, Madan M. Dey, Benjamin S. Halpern, Douglas J. McCauley, Matthew Smith, Bapu Vaitla, Dirk Zeller, Samuel S. Myers
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew R. Smith, Renata Micha, Christopher D. Golden, Dariush Mozaffarian, Samuel S. Myers
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ty Beall, Eric Massiot, Joanne E. Arsenault, Matthew R. Smith, Robert J. Hijmans
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bapu Vaitla, David Collar, Matthew R. Smith, Samuel S. Myers, Benjamin L. Rice, Christopher D. Golden
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew R. Smith, Samuel S. Myers
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2018)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Matthew R. Smith, Ruth DeFries, Ashwini Chhatre, Suparna Ghosh-Jerath, Samuel S. Myers
FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew R. Smith, Valerie J. Stull, Jonathan A. Patz, Samuel S. Myers
Summary: The study shows that consuming insects in Africa and Asia can significantly reduce the risk of nutritional deficiencies, particularly in terms of protein, zinc, folate, and vitamin B12. Intake of 5 grams of insects per day could reduce the risk of deficiency for millions of people, and have a significant impact on vulnerable groups such as women of childbearing age and children under 5 suffering from severe rates of anemia.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Biology
Lucas A. Garibaldi, Dulce S. Gomez Carella, Diego N. Nabaes Jodar, Matthew R. Smith, Thomas P. Timberlake, Samuel S. Myers
Summary: This article reviews the impacts of pollinator health on human health and identifies four pathways connecting them, including nutrition, medicine provisioning, mental health, and environmental quality. The authors suggest that pollinator diversity could serve as a proxy for the benefits that landscapes provide to human health.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew R. Smith, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Marco Springmann, Timothy B. Sulser, Lucas A. Garibaldi, James Gerber, Keith Wiebe, Samuel S. Myers
Summary: Insufficient animal pollination has a significant impact on global human health and agricultural economy, especially in low-income countries. Promoting pollinator-friendly practices is crucial.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Thomas P. Timberlake, Alyssa R. Cirtwill, Sushil C. Baral, Daya R. Bhusal, Kedar Devkota, Helen A. Harris-Fry, Susanne Kortsch, Samuel S. Myers, Tomas Roslin, Naomi M. Saville, Matthew R. Smith, Giovanni Strona, Jane Memmott
Summary: Smallholder farmers, who heavily rely on home-grown produce, are vulnerable to environmental stressors due to their high nutritional and economic dependence on agriculture. This paper proposes a network approach to understand and model the complex interactions among wild species, crops, and people on smallholder farms. By quantifying the value of ecosystem services, identifying key wild species involved, and understanding social interactions, this framework provides insights into supporting household food and nutrition security. Using a case study from rural Nepal, the authors demonstrate how the framework can be used to connect wild plants, pollinators, and crops to key nutrients consumed by humans, enabling the prediction of the effects of environmental change on human nutrition.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert H. Beach, Timothy B. Sulser, Allison Crimmins, Nicola Cenacchi, Jefferson Cole, Naomi K. Fukagawa, Daniel Mason-D'Croz, Samuel Myers, Marcus C. Sarofim, Matthew Smith, Lewis H. Ziska
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. R. Smith, S. S. Myers
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Stephen A. Wood, Matthew R. Smith, Jessica Fanzo, Roseline Remans, Ruth S. DeFries
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. R. Smith, C. D. Golden, S. S. Myers
