Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Valentina Nikolova, Asparuh Kamburov, Radostina Rizova
Summary: Debris flows are rapid movements of highly water-saturated colluvial and proluvial deposits, influenced by factors such as morphometric characteristics and rock composition. This research focuses on analyzing morphometric parameters in Eastern Rhodopes in Bulgaria to distinguish between different types of debris flows and assess their susceptibility to occur. Data such as basin area, relief, slope, and Melton index are calculated to determine key factors in debris flow initiation and type discrimination.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joan Grau, Kang Liang, Jae Ogilvie, Paul Arp, Sheng Li, Bonnie Robertson, Fan-Rui Meng
Summary: Defining stream channels in a watershed is crucial for assessing freshwater habitat availability. The study used UAV and photogrammetry to obtain 3D DSM for estimating channel width. Results showed that high-resolution UAV-derived DEM performed best with SG method, while low-resolution LiDAR DEM performed best with VSP method. This suggests that UAVs can efficiently map small stream channels for monitoring local ecosystem changes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joanna Gudowicz, Renata Paluszkiewicz
Summary: The study developed a GIS toolbox for automatically extracting 26 morphometric characteristics of concave landforms, successfully applied to 21 erosion-denudation valleys in a glacial area, showing a 12% average level difference in volume parameter assessment.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ankita Sharma, Dhirendra Singh Bagri
Summary: The study focuses on the evaluation of DEM-derived parameters and their relationship with tectonic setup in the Asan watershed, assessing the impact of active tectonics in the area. The region, located downhill of tectonically active Lesser Himalaya and Siwaliks, exhibits a high degree of relative tectonic activity with a consistent relationship between structural disturbances and basin geometry.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Arindam Sarkar, Lopamudra Roy, Sayantan Das, Somasis Sengupta
Summary: This article assesses the degree of tectonic and lithological control on the drainage network of the Rangit Basin in the Eastern Himalayas. It reveals rich geological features and anomalies along the river, which may be related to tectonic factors.
ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thi-Hue Dinh, Yu-Chang Chan, Chih-Tung Chen
Summary: This study analyzes the tectonic deformations of the Fansipan and Tule mountain ranges in northern Vietnam using field observations and digital elevation model (DEM) data. The results suggest that the uplift of these mountain ranges is likely due to strike-slip and normal faulting, with extensional tectonics associated with isostatic rebound playing a role in maintaining their elevations over long periods.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thulasi Veedu Swetha, Girish Gopinath, Arun Bhadran, P. Arjun
Summary: This study assesses anomalies in the hierarchical organization of the drainage network in the Kuttiyadi River Basin using various morphometric parameters and a geographical information system platform. It is found that the sub-watersheds in this river basin experience the highest drainage anomaly, which can be attributed to neo-tectonic activity, high energy fluvial erosion, and anthropogenic interferences.
FRONTIERS OF EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hrushikesha Pasham, Sakram Gugulothu, Pradeep Kumar Badapalli, Ratnakar Dhakate, Raghu Babu Kottala
Summary: This study utilized remote sensing and GIS techniques to analyze the morphometric parameters and structurally controlled morphological terrains of the Mahi River basin. The results showed that the combination of remote sensing data and GIS methodology can be an effective tool for basin management and hydrological studies in the future.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yiqi Ji, Shengrui Su, Zhiheng Liu, Qiangbing Huang
Summary: The study of the middle reaches of the upstream of Jinsha River based on tectonic geomorphology provides insights into the tectonic transition and active tectonics in the region. Geomorphic indices were calculated and analyzed, indicating strong tectonic activities in certain areas and a rapid uplift of the region.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Geology
Donna L. Whitney, Jonathan R. Delph, Stuart N. Thomson, Susan L. Beck, Gilles Y. Brocard, Michael A. Cosca, Michael H. Darin, Nuretdin Kaymakci, Maud J. M. Meijers, Aral I. Okay, Bora Rojay, Christian Teyssier, Paul J. Umhoefer
Summary: Escape tectonics is a mechanism for the formation of new plates, in which lithospheric fragments move laterally along strike-slip faults in response to collision. Analysis of thermochronology data and seismic images near the East Anatolian fault zone provides insights into the development of the Anatolian plate and escape system. The younger ages of rocks in and near the EAFZ, as well as the presence of strong Arabian lithospheric mantle beneath the Anatolian crust, suggest that thermal activity and underthrusting of Arabian lithosphere played a fundamental role in the formation of the Anatolian plate and escape system.
Article
Geology
Donna L. Whitney, Jonathan R. Delph, Stuart N. Thomson, Susan L. Beck, Gilles Y. Brocard, Michael A. Cosca, Michael H. Darin, Nuretdin Kaymakci, Maud J. M. Meijers, Aral I. Okay, Bora Rojay, Christian Teyssier, Paul J. Umhoefer
Summary: This study provides insights into the development of the new plate and escape system by using thermochronology data and seismic images. It is found that the rocks near the East Anatolian fault zone are significantly younger, indicating thermal activity triggered by strike-slip faulting. The images also reveal that the underthrusting of the strong Arabian lithosphere played a crucial role in the localization of the fault zone and the formation of the Anatolian plate and escape system.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ugi K. Gusti, Alexander L. Peace, Jeremy Rimando
Summary: In intraplate areas, poor surface expression of faults, scattered earthquake distribution, and long recurrence intervals may lead to underestimation of seismic hazard associated with faults due to the reactivation of pre-existing structures to accommodate regional tectonic strain. The cause(s) of seismicity in eastern Canada are not yet fully understood, partially due to eroded surface expressions of faults. A morphotectonic analysis of the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben (OBG) revealed high relative uplift rates in all investigated bedrock escarpment sections, which are likely related to broad wavelength uplift caused by far-field tectonic stress and glacial isostatic adjustment. The analysis showed no significant spatial differences in high relative uplift rates based on geomorphic indices, consistent with GPS uplift rates.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ugi K. Gusti, Alexander L. Peace, Jeremy Rimando
Summary: In intraplate areas, the seismic hazard associated with faults may be underestimated due to poor surface expression, scattered earthquake distribution, and long recurrence intervals. The cause of seismicity in eastern Canada remains unresolved, partially because surface expressions of faults have been eroded and undetectable until seismic events. To assess tectonic activity and uplift rates, morphotectonic analysis was applied to 131 bedrock drainage basins in the OttawaBonnechere Graben. The results show high relative uplift rates related to regional uplift caused by tectonic stress and glacial isostatic adjustment.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dongsheng Xu, Zhongtai He, Long Guo, Liangliang Wu, Linlin Li
Summary: The study used 12 m resolution TanDEM-X data to analyze the response of stream geomorphic index to fault activity, which is important for assessing regional seismic hazard. The Fill tool in ArcGIS 10.5 was used to process the digital elevation model (DEM), analyze the flow direction, and extract streams with catchment areas larger than 9 km(2). The stream geomorphic index of the Lianfeng-Ningnan segment (LNS) of the Lianfeng fault was extracted based on DEM spatial analysis, including stream length gradient (SL) and hypsometric integral (HI). The study found spatial variations in the stream geomorphic index, indicating different levels of fault activity in the northern, middle, and southern segments of the LNS.
Article
Thermodynamics
Boan Xu, Ping Jiang, Yilin Wang, Jintian Zhao, Shaoning Geng
Summary: A novel process of wobbling laser melting injection (WLMI) is proposed to improve the distribution uniformity of SiC particles in the fusion zone of aluminum alloy. Both experimental and simulated results indicate a significant improvement in particle distribution uniformity under WLMI compared to LMI, and the physical mechanisms behind this phenomenon are more thoroughly understood through the developed model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
A. Securo, C. Del Gobbo, L. Rettig, S. Pillon, A. De Luca, D. Fontana, E. Benedetti Fasil, R. R. Colucci
Summary: Small glaciers in temperate mountain regions have experienced significant reduction and unprecedented melt rates in recent years. Some glaciers have transitioned from clean ice to debris-covered or even rock glaciers. This study examines the surface elevation change of the Popera Alto glacier in the Sesto Dolomites using LiDAR and Structure from Motion surveys, and analyzes its evolution in terms of surface cover and geomorphic processes. The glacier has lost an average of 0.35 m water equivalent per year over the past 16 years, with active modification of its surface cover by geomorphic processes. The role of debris and local topography feedback has allowed the resilience of the glacier, leading to a marked difference between the current environmental equilibrium line altitude (envELA) and the effective ELA (effELA) of the glacier.
Article
Geography, Physical
Zhenzhen Yan, Yaolin Shi, Lili Kang, Xiangtao Fan
Summary: This study proposes a quantitative regional deformation model based on global positioning system (GPS) data to quantitatively analyze the morphological evolution of rivers in the Three Rivers Region. It finds that tectonic deformation phases significantly control regional landscape development and drainage features.
Article
Geography, Physical
Said Mukhtar Ahmad, Nitheshnirmal Sadhasivam, Mona Lisa, Luigi Lombardo, Mustafa Kemal Emil, Amira Zaki, Cees J. Van Westen, Islam Fadel, Hakan Tanyas
Summary: In this study, we investigated a large slow-moving landslide in Northern Pakistan, using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) analysis. Our results showed that the crown of the landslide is moving faster than the surrounding regions, while the footslope experienced high deformations. We discussed the possible roles of meteorologic and anthropogenic factors in causing these deformations.
Article
Geography, Physical
Shuang Bian, Xibin Tan, Yiduo Liu, Suoya Fan, Junfeng Gong, Chao Zhou, Feng Shi, Michael A. Murphy
Summary: The Yarlung River's drainage divide is primarily moving north due to variations in precipitation across the Himalayas. The Gangdese drainage divide shows predominantly northward and southward migration, controlled by base-level rise and downstream influences. The presence of north-trending rifts separates the drainage divides into five zones, each with a distinct migration pattern.
Article
Geography, Physical
Joon-Young Park, Seok Yoon, Deuk-Hwan Lee, Seung-Rae Lee, Hwan-Hui Lim
Summary: This study developed a multiple-regression model to estimate site-specific average growth rates of debris flow events. The proposed model was validated through a case study and showed reasonable predictions of debris flow velocities and heights.
Article
Geography, Physical
Nicholas Reilly Mccarroll, Arnaud Temme
Summary: New geochronological data from hillslope boulder armor in the Flint Hills reveal the rates and timing of lateral retreat in the landscape. Surfaces of limestone boulders dating back to the Pleistocene era were found, and the ages of the hillslope armor increased with distance from the limestone bench. The estimated rate of lateral retreat in this landscape is 0.02 mm/yr.
Article
Geography, Physical
Xinbo Yao, Yuntao Tian
Summary: By studying the Longmenshan-Minshan drainage divide, we found that it has reached a dynamic steady state, indicating a balance between erosion and rock uplift. This study also reveals the process of formation and evolution of the divide and raises questions about the effectiveness of divide migration metrics.
Article
Geography, Physical
Junhui Yu, Pin Yan, Yanlin Wang, Guangjian Zhong, Changliang Chen
Summary: The seafloor mounds in the Chaoshan Depression of the South China Sea are identified as mud volcanoes, with fluids coming from underlying mud-fluid diapirs. The hydrocarbon gases feeding the mud volcanoes and diapirs are reasoned to originate from deep Mesozoic source rocks, indicating significant Mesozoic hydrocarbon potential in the Chaoshan Depression.
Article
Geography, Physical
Marius Huber, Luc Scholtes, Jerome Lave
Summary: This paper investigates the relationships between hillslope stability and fabric anisotropy of brittle rock materials and the implications for landscape shaping. It explores the different stability modes and movement characteristics of anisotropic materials, and demonstrates the significant control of material anisotropy on landscape shaping.
Article
Geography, Physical
Shubhra Sharma, Anil D. Shukla
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between glacial dynamics and lake sedimentation during the mid-Holocene climate variability in the Southern Zanskar ranges. It utilizes geomorphological disposition, elemental geochemistry, and optical chronology of relict lake sediment to reconstruct the pattern of minor glacier responses to climate variability. The results indicate six centennial to millennial-scale climatic phases, with warmer phases represented by decreased mineralogical fine grain flux and increased coarse grain flux. The study highlights the potential of relict lake sediment and para/peri-glacial landforms in understanding glacial dynamics and climate change during the Holocene.
Article
Geography, Physical
Jean-Francois Bernier, Sydney W. Meury, Patrick Lajeunesse
Summary: In this study, an approach combining various data and observation methods was proposed to improve the monitoring of landfast ice dynamics and its geomorphic impact on sedimentary systems. The results demonstrate the ability of the approach to accurately measure interannual variations in landfast ice and constrain geomorphic changes. Additionally, the study found a strong relationship between the severity of freezing seasons and the response of landfast ice to hydrometeorological events, with different geomorphic responses observed under different winter conditions.
Article
Geography, Physical
Heping Shu, Fanyu Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between susceptibility of soil-water hazards and human activities, geoheritage sites in the Loess Plateau, China. Landslide and gully erosion susceptibility were obtained using gradient boosting and support vector machines, and a hazard matrix was formed to couple landslide and gully erosion susceptibility. The study found different trends in the magnification times of soil-water hazards chain under different scenarios.
Article
Geography, Physical
Guangqiang Qian, Zhuanling Yang, Xuegang Xing, Zhibao Dong, Youyuan Guo
Summary: Granule ripples are aeolian landforms armored against erosion by coarse grains. This study investigates their seasonal morphological evolution and migration in the Sanlongsha Dune Field. The findings show that wind events, especially those exceeding the threshold velocities of coarse grains, significantly influence the morphodynamics of granule ripples. The study highlights the importance of considering the reptation and saltation of coarse grains in future research on granule ripples.