Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kakeru Obayashi, Kazutaka Kamitani, Chien-Wei Chu, Ryosuke Kawatoko, Chao-Hung Cheng, Atsushi Takahara, Ken Kojio
Summary: The internal structure of polyurethane adhesive undergoes changes during lap shear deformation, with an increase in the spacing of hard segment domains and the merging of tilt angle with the stretching direction. These findings are of great significance for the practical design of adhesives.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Kun Qian, Randall E. Winans, Tao Li
Summary: Understanding the nanostructures of liquid electrolytes is crucial for enhancing electrochemical energy storage capacities, but the solvation structures and molecular dynamics in electrolytes are difficult to probe. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) offers unique insights into molecular clusters and ion pairs in electrolytes, with excellent time-resolution for studying molecular dynamics. This review focuses on the microscopic understanding of liquid electrolytes by SAXS and highlights the unique capabilities of X-ray scattering for nanostructure characterization.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David N. Azulay, Oliver Spaeker, Mnar Ghrayeb, Michaela Wilsch-Brauninger, Ernesto Scoppola, Manfred Burghammer, Ivo Zizak, Luca Bertinetti, Yael Politi, Liraz Chai
Summary: Biofilms are multicellular microbial communities encased in an extracellular matrix, with phenotypic heterogeneity enhancing their survival. The molecular structures, elemental distribution, and possible linkages within biofilms remain unexplored, showcasing the importance of molecular-level heterogeneity in shaping biofilm physiology and development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ezzeldin Metwalli, Klaus Goetz, Tobias Zech, Christian Baer, Isabel Schuldes, Anne Martel, Lionel Porcar, Tobias Unruh
Summary: A customized portable SAXS instrument has been constructed and tested at the D22 SANS instrument at ILL, with optimized lead shielding arrangement and double energy threshold X-ray detector to suppress high-energy gamma radiation background. The upgraded SAXS instrument allows for improved signal-to-noise ratio data and combined SAXS and SANS measurements, enabling simultaneous fitting of SAXS and SANS data from the same sample volume for unambiguous interpretation of scattering data. Advanced in situ/real time investigations are now possible, revealing time-resolved complementary nanoscale structural information.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Li, Qike Li, Richard E. Gillilan, Alireza Abbaspourrad
Summary: This study reveals the reversible modulation of protein-protein and protein-chromophore interactions of Cphycocyanin (C-PC) from Spirulina platensis under hydrostatic pressure. The results show that high pressures can disassemble C-PC into monomers or detached subunits, accompanied by protein unfolding. The pressure-induced changes in structure and color can be precisely manipulated and reversed. This knowledge can be used to design new delivery and optical materials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mehran Amiri, Nicolas P. Martin, Ching-Lei Feng, Jacob Kreager Lovio, May Nyman
Summary: Polyoxometalates are molecular metal oxides that can be isolated without capping ligands, showing high negative charge. Carbonate can reassemble with highly reactive decaniobate to form new structures with strong interactions.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yi Zhang, Wenkai Zhang, Tim Snow, Ying Ju, Yang Liu, Andrew J. Smith, Sujay Prabakar
Summary: This study investigated the changes in structure and stability of ABPs during crosslinking using GA or EDC at different concentrations through synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and thermal and colorimetric methods. The findings reveal that telopeptidyl-helical linkages are preferred at low crosslinker concentrations, while excess crosslinking leads to structural changes and plateauing of stabilities.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chinmayee Dash, Ramyaranjan Das, Deepak K. Sahu, Divyansh Upreti, T. Umasankar Patro, Dillip K. Bisoyi
Summary: The present study aims to establish a correlation between macromolecular parameters obtained from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis of pretreated sunn hemp fibers and the dielectric and mechanical properties of their composites. Different pretreatment methods, including dewaxing, alkalization, and microwave irradiation, were used to modify the structure of the fibers, which in turn influenced the macromolecular parameters. The modified fibers showed improved mechanical and electrical properties in the reinforced composites.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rohan Murty, Mrinal K. Bera, Ian M. Walton, Christina Whetzel, Mark R. Prausnitz, Krista S. Walton
Summary: Encapsulation of biomacromolecules within MOFs can enhance their thermal stability. Through SAXS analysis, we demonstrated that entrapped BSA in ZIF scaffolds exhibited superior thermal stability compared to native BSA, suggesting the inhibition of protein denaturation by MOF confinement.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hani Abdeltawab, Darren Svirskis, Ben J. Boyd, Andrew Hill, Manisha Sharma
Summary: A study developed an injectable system for simultaneous and prolonged release of bupivacaine and ketorolac using poloxamer-based thermoresponsive gelling systems. Formulations exhibited steady and sustained drug release over two weeks, with potential clinical benefits for managing perioperative pain. Small Angle X-ray Scattering experiments showed poloxamers formed gels regardless of matrix composition, while drug loading slightly reduced intermicellar spacing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
O. R. Santos, D. Reis, A. G. Oliveira-Filho, C. L. P. Oliveira, A. M. Figueiredo Neto
Summary: This study investigates a lyotropic mixture in the calamitic nematic phase and its corresponding calamitic cholesteric phase with the addition of a chiral agent. The structure and local ordering at the nanoscale were analyzed using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. The results show that the overall shape of the micelles is not modified by the presence of the chiral agent, but the correlation between micelles in the cholesteric phase is increased.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
X. Zhang, J. Guo, Y. Liu, X. Hao, X. Ji, Q. Yang
Summary: This paper presents an efficient, unmodified, and clean biological method for preparing high crystallinity nanocellulose from hemp stalks for high-value green applications. The biological method (NCs-B) used enzymes and a small amount of alkali, while the chemical method (NCs-C) used strong acid. Various characterizations were performed to analyze the morphology and distribution of NCs, including small-angle X-ray diffraction, wide-angle diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, contact angle measurements, and Zeta potential analysis. Results showed that NCs-B had higher distribution of unit volume capacity, smaller diameter and length compared to NCs-C. Moreover, NCs-B exhibited higher cellulose utilization rate, crystallinity, hydrophobicity, and cell viability compared to NCs-C.
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Simon Buchheiser, Max Philipp Deutschmann, Frank Rhein, Amanda Allmang, Michal Fedoryk, Bjoern Stelzner, Stefan Harth, Dimosthenis Trimis, Hermann Nirschl
Summary: The influence of different fuel-air equivalence ratios on particle morphology, size and degree of oxidation in an iron-air model burner is investigated. It is found that leaner combustion conditions lead to smaller particle size and higher degree of oxidation. Additionally, choosing a suitable particle size range can minimize residual iron content.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Samuel Minier, Hyeong Jin Kim, Jonathan Zaugg, Surya K. Mallapragada, David Vaknin, Wenjie Wang
Summary: Modifying nanoparticle surfaces with water-soluble polymers can alter interparticle interactions and affect their assembly into ordered phases. Experiments show that adding NaCl to suspensions induces surface enrichment, and the molecular weight of PNIPAM plays a crucial role in the formation of ordered structures.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Johanna Schroeder, Rebecca K. Pittkowski, Isaac Martens, Raphael Chattot, Jakub Drnec, Jonathan Quinson, Jacob J. K. Kirkensgaard, Matthias Arenz
Summary: This study presents a combination of operando small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering to investigate the changes in mean particle sizes and phase fractions in fuel cell catalyst layers during accelerated stress tests. The results indicate that the degradation mechanism of the catalyst is classical Ostwald ripening via local diffusion of metal atoms on the support, rather than electrochemical Ostwald ripening. Furthermore, the study shows that the degradation of the catalyst layer is depth-dependent, suggesting the potential for future improvement of catalyst stability through a depth-dependent catalyst design.
