Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tarina Sharma, Anwar Alam, Aquib Ehtram, Anshu Rani, Sonam Grover, Nasreen Z. Ehtesham, Seyed E. Hasnain
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a successful pathogen that can survive within host alveolar macrophages and resist immune responses. The PE/PPE/PE_PGRS proteins encoded by the pathogen's genome play multiple roles in enhancing its virulence and modulating immune responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Min Liu, Gabriel Munoz, Juliana Hermiston, Ju Zhang, Sung Vo Duy, Dan Wang, Anindya Sundar Dey, Eric M. Bottos, Jonathan D. Van Hamme, Linda S. Lee, Sebastien Sauve, Jinxia Liu
Summary: Some contemporary AFFFs contain FTBs, which are often detected at sites impacted by AFFFs. The biotransformation potential of 5:3 and 5:1:2 FTBs and a commercial AFFF was investigated for the first time. The results showed high persistence of 5:3 and 5:1:2 FTBs and the AFFF in various environments, suggesting the need for further understanding of their environmental fate.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin Negrete Jr, Kerri Lynn Ackerly, Angelina M. Dichiera, Andrew J. Esbaugh
Summary: This study investigates the expression of hemoglobin (Hb) and its effects on oxygen (O2) uptake in red drum fish under hypoxic conditions. The findings reveal that fish are able to up-regulate a specific Hb isoform in response to prolonged hypoxia, leading to increased oxygen affinity and improved respiratory performance. These adaptive responses are crucial for surviving in low-oxygen environments caused by climate change.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Catherine Shelton, Matthew McNeil, Renee Allen, Lindsay Flint, Dara Russell, Bryan Berube, Aaron Korkegian, Yulia Ovechkina, Tanya Parish
Summary: By studying the mutations in specific genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we found that triazolopyrimidines can interact with these genes and confer resistance to the bacteria. These compounds deplete intracellular ATP levels and exhibit activity against intracellular bacteria, but have no effect on human mitochondrial respiration.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lucien Stolze, Bhavna Arora, Dipankar Dwivedi, Carl Steefel, Zhi Li, Sergio Carrero, Benjamin Gilbert, Peter Nico, Markus Bill
Summary: The weathering of shale plays a crucial role in the hydrochemical fluxes to river systems and has a significant impact on global biogeochemical cycles. However, there is still a lack of quantitative understanding regarding shale weathering and its influence on these cycles due to the complex interactions between hydrological, biogeochemical, and physical processes. In this study, a novel modeling approach was developed to quantitatively interpret the long-term chemical weathering of shale and its effect on geochemical conditions. The model considers multiple processes involved in shale weathering, including infiltration of meteoric water, mineral-water interactions, microbial oxidation of organic matter, mineral reactions-induced evolution of porosity, and gas exchange between the subsurface and atmosphere.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samir M. Aljbour, Ricardo N. Alves, Susana Agusti
Summary: The light-dependent zooxanthellate jellyfish Cassiopea sp. may be exposed to high levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in many marine habitats. In this study, the metabolic and physiological responses of Cassiopea sp. to natural levels of underwater UVR were investigated. Results showed that UV-exposed jellyfish had higher mitochondrial electron transport system activity, indicating elevated aerobic respiration rates and higher energy cost of UVR exposure. However, there were no significant differences in lactate dehydrogenase activity or available energy among UVR treatments. The study suggests that Cassiopea sp. is more resilient to UVR compared to other cnidarians.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Brandon Kosik, Steen Larsen, Andreas Bergdahl
Summary: Actovegin improves skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and functional aerobic capacity in a T1D mouse model, suggesting its potential as an alternative therapeutic drug for T1D by promoting glucose metabolism.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Rebecca E. Koch, Katherine L. Buchanan, Stefania Casagrande, Ondi Crino, Damian K. Dowling, Geoffrey E. Hill, Wendy R. Hood, Matthew McKenzie, Mylene M. Mariette, Daniel W. A. Noble, Alexandra Pavlova, Frank Seebacher, Paul Sunnucks, Eve Udino, Craig R. White, Karine Salin, Antoine Stier
Summary: The critical role that energy turnover plays in understanding variation in performance and fitness among individuals has long been recognized by biologists. While whole-organism metabolic studies have provided key insights into ecological and evolutionary processes, constraints at subcellular levels, such as within mitochondria, can also optimize metabolism. This exploration of mitochondrial aerobic metabolism's influence on organismal performance highlights important areas for future research in understanding ecological and evolutionary processes.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Na Ling, Zongyang Li, Yuhang Wang, Qingping Wu, Yingwang Ye, Jumei Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the role of Cronobacter LuxS under desiccation stress. The findings demonstrate that LuxS can enhance the resistance of Cronobacter to desiccation and affect cell hydrophobicity, aggregation, motility, polysaccharide content, and AI-2 synthesis pathway. Low moisture triggers LuxS to promote the transport of osmoprotectants and suppress the expression of genes associated with polysaccharide colanic acid. LuxS deficiency attenuates adhesion and invasion to intestinal and brain cells, but desiccation stress aggravates cell virulence.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
K. Rosas-Echeverria, C. Fall, E. Gutierrez-Segura, M. P. Romero-Camacho, K. M. Ba
Summary: This study investigated the stability, contaminant removal, and microbial structure of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) process, with a focus on ordinary heterotrophic organisms (OHOs). Long-term stable granules and high removals of various pollutants were achieved. The most abundant bacteria in the sludge were OHOs, despite the depletion of COD in the AGS, indicating the coexistence of microbial competition and stability. Microbial analyses revealed the mechanisms by which OHOs survive in the granules. The study contributes to the understanding of microbial competition and stability in AGS.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Roxane Verdikt, Olivier Hernalsteens, Carine Van Lint
Summary: The article emphasizes the complexity and dynamics of the heterochromatinization of HIV-1 in different reservoirs, while discussing the importance of further understanding HIV-1 gene regulation for the rational design of novel HIV-1 cure strategies.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
L. Palaiodimou, S. Fanning, E. M. Fox
Summary: This study identified key genetic markers related to persistence of Listeria strains, such as disinfectant resistance markers and stress tolerance markers. Persistent strains were more likely to contain mutations associated with hypovirulence. The results suggest that no single genetic marker is universally responsible for a strain's ability to persist.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Allison N. Tucker, Travis J. Carlson, Aurijit Sarkar
Summary: The development of novel drugs to treat diseases caused by intracellular bacterial pathogens faces challenges such as understanding the nature of chemicals that can penetrate bacterial cells, lack of publicly available information on virulence factors, and the need for advanced technologies in experimental investigation. Overcoming these hurdles will significantly advance drug discovery against intracellular bacterial pathogens.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Roberto Rosales-Reyes, Silvia Yalid Vargas-Roldan, Jose Luis Lezana-Fernandez, Jose Ignacio Santos-Preciado
Summary: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that affects the respiratory and digestive systems, causing chronic lung infections and breathing difficulties. Mutations in the CFTR gene lead to imbalanced intracellular water content, resulting in sticky mucus and bacterial infections that ultimately affect lung function.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hamzah Basil Mohammed, Sajjad Mohsin I. Rayyif, Carmen Curutiu, Alexandra Catalina Birca, Ovidiu-Cristian Oprea, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu, Lia-Mara Ditu, Irina Gheorghe, Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc, Grigore Mihaescu, Alina-Maria Holban
Summary: This study developed a nanostructured system based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles and eugenol, which showed potential in modulating the virulence and resistance phenotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xiangge Meng, Chengping Li, Yu Hei, Xiang Zhou, Guoli Zhou
Summary: The study used IVT-SAPAS sequencing to analyze the dynamic changes of APA sites during adipogenesis in bovine subcutaneous preadipocytes and intramuscular preadipocytes. The results showed that APA plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation, and UTR-APA switching genes have different trends, with intramuscular preadipocytes tending to use shorter 3'UTR for differentiation. TRIB3, WWTR1, and INSIG1 play important roles in intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
S. Alizadeh, S. Khamse, N. Tajeddin, H. R. Khorram Khorshid, A. Delbari, M. Ohadi
Summary: This study identifies a specific genotype at a CG-rich trinucleotide short tandem repeat (STR) locus that is associated with late-onset neurocognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shougang Liu, Zhe Zhuang, Fanghua Liu, Xiuqing Yuan, Zeqiao Zhang, Xiaoqian Liang, Xinhui Li, Yongfeng Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect and mechanism of RPL9 and TIFA in scalp psoriasis, and identified RPL9 as a potential therapeutic target for scalp psoriasis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shiting Wang, Jiaqi Chen, Zhichao Jin, Ying Xing, Ruiping Wang
Summary: This study suggests a causal association between hair color and skin cancers, with light hair colors (red, blonde, and light brown) being associated with an increased risk and dark brown hair being associated with a decreased risk.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Joseph Hawadak, Loick Pradel Kojom Foko, Rodrigue Roman Dongang Nana, Karmveer Yadav, Veena Pande, Aparup Das, Vineeta Singh
Summary: This study investigates the genetic diversity and natural selection of the Pfama-1 gene in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Cameroon. The study finds a considerable nucleotide and haplotype diversity, as well as specific mutations in Cameroonian isolates. Positive diversifying selection and the identification of selected codon sites suggest the potential implication of these genetic variations in host immune pressure and parasite-binding complex modulation. The findings provide valuable baseline data for malaria vaccine design.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Emily Biernat, Mansi Verma, Chhabi K. Govind
Summary: RSC is an essential ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It regulates nucleosome-depleted regions (NDRs) by sliding flanking nucleosomes away from NDRs. Depletion of RSC leads to nucleosome encroachment in NDRs and transcription initiation defects. The study compared the effects of catalytic-dead Sth1 and rapid depletion of Sth1 on transcription. Rapid depletion of Sth1 reduces recruitment of TBP and Pol II, while the catalytic-dead mutant exhibits a severe reduction in TBP binding but accumulates Pol II in coding regions. The results suggest a role for RSC in transcription elongation and termination processes.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yunxiao Wei, Yuhan Song, Muhammad Aamir Khan, Chengzhen Liang, Zhigang Meng, Yuan Wang, Sandui Guo, Rui Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed the GhTPP protein family in upland cotton for the first time and identified the important role of GhTPPA_2 in regulating sugar metabolism, improving soluble sugar accumulation, and drought stress tolerance.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yannan Geng, Rui Shao, Tiantong Xu, Lilong Zhang
Summary: A novel risk model based on SCUBE3, TNNC1, SPON1, SEPT12 and ULBP1 genes was developed for predicting PMOP risk, with higher risk score indicating higher risk of suffering from PMOP. Significant differences in signaling pathway activities were observed between the high-risk score group and the low-risk score group.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Randy P. Williams, Corina Lesseur, Haoxiang Cheng, Qian Li, Maya Deyssenroth, Christopher D. Molteno, Ernesta M. Meintjes, Sandra W. Jacobson, Joseph L. Jacobson, Helen Wainwright, Ke Hao, Jia Chen, R. Colin Carter
Summary: The study suggests that heavy alcohol exposure during pregnancy may impact the proportion of fetal placental villi macrophages and increase the expression of inflammatory genes. Further research is needed to explore these effects and evaluate the potential functional roles of placental inflammation in FASD.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lvjing Luo, Lishuang Sun, Shu Li, Huiting Liu, Zhengyu Chen, Shi Huang, Yinyin Mo, Genliang Li
Summary: This study analyzed the expression of Ptpn1 and miR-124-3p in testicular tissues of mice and investigated their regulatory relationship. The results showed that Ptpn1 expression was up-regulated in adult mouse testis compared to juvenile mouse testis, while miR-124-3p expression showed an opposite pattern. Further analysis suggested that the down-regulation of miR-124-3p may contribute to the high expression of Ptpn1 in adult mouse testis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Gairui Li, Dan Zhao, Xiaolin Peng, Yashuang Zhao
Summary: MiRNA-22 shows potential as a candidate for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The study found higher miR-22 expression levels in the CRC and CRA groups, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for CRC early screening.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhongqiu Zhu, Qianting Yang, Xiaoying Tian, Da Man, Jian Wang, Junfang Zhang, Bingshe Han
Summary: This study constructed a ceRNA network mediated by lncRNAs in cold-acclimated zebrafish ZF4 cells and revealed that upregulation of MSTRG3207 promotes apoptosis by sponging dre-miR-736 during cold acclimation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Weitao Chen, Denggao Xiang, Shang Gao, Shuli Zhu, Zhi Wu, Yuefei Li, Jie Li
Summary: Dam construction has negatively impacted the genetic diversity and structure of fish populations. This case study on the endangered Hemibagrus guttatus found low genetic diversity, high levels of inbreeding, and decreasing population size in fragmented populations. Genetic structure and differentiation were also observed, indicating the influence of dams on these fish populations.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Pooja Singh, Debleena Guin, Bijay Pattnaik, Ritushree Kukreti
Summary: Through systematic literature review and meta-analysis, it was found that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is significantly associated with 222 polymorphisms in 118 genes. Four polymorphisms - rs35705950/MUC5B, rs2736100/TERT, rs2076295/DSP, and rs111521887/TOLLIP, exhibited substantial epidemiological evidence supporting their association with IPF risk.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jianping Zhang, Zhijun Cai, Fanzhe Feng, Yufeng Peng, Yi Cui, Yongiqing Xu
Summary: This study found that exosomes secreted by young BMSCs can promote the healing of tendon-bone interface after rotator cuff tears. These exosomes can improve extracellular matrix remodeling, osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis, and stemness of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs). The exosomes from young BMSCs have better effects compared to those from aged BMSCs.