Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ki Young Huh, Jun Gi Hwang, Wonjung Shin, Seungjae Baek, JaeDuk Choi, Nora Lee, Young Min Cho, Howard Lee
Summary: HM15136, a novel long-acting glucagon analogue, was shown to be safe and well tolerated in doses ranging from 10-120 μg/kg in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. It increased blood glucose levels and suppressed the secretion of endogenous glucagon.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Samuel A. Goldlust, Mojgan Kavoosi, Jennifer Nezzer, Mehran Kavoosi, Walter Korz, Kenneth Deck
Summary: The study found that tetrodotoxin (TTX) may have potential efficacy in treating chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP). Although there was no significant difference in average Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) scores, the 30 μg twice daily TTX cohort showed significant differences from the placebo group in some secondary quality of life (QOL) indicators. Adverse events were mostly mild to moderate, with oral paresthesia and hypoesthesia being the most common.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jinmiao Lu, Lu Wang, Sufeng Zhou, Chen Zhou, Lijun Xie, Juan Chen, Dong Tang, Xusheng Tian, Daosheng Xie, Juping Ding, Tong Wang, Qiang Yu, Jinsong Ding, Feng Shao
Summary: This study investigated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties, safety, and tolerability of cetagliptin. The results showed that cetagliptin has great potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients due to its inhibition of DPP-4, increase in GLP-1 and insulin, and decrease in glucose. It may be more effective in DPP-4 inhibition than sitagliptin.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fabiana Cristina Rosa Mitelmao, Cristiane de Cassia Bergamaschi, Marli Gerenutti, Karin Hachel, Marcus Tolentino Silva, Victor M. Balcao, Marta Maria Duarte Carvalho Vila
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination of different strains of Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. in functional constipation. The outcomes of interest include changes in frequency of weekly bowel movements, stool quality, volunteer withdrawal, adverse events, and serious adverse effects.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Teng Ma, Ni Yang, Yong Xie, Yingmeng Li, Qiuping Xiao, Qiong Li, Hao Jin, Longjin Zheng, Zhihong Sun, Kexuan Zuo, Lai-Yu Kwok, Heping Zhang, Nonghua Lu, Wenjun Liu
Summary: Chronic constipation (CC) is a common gastrointestinal condition that impairs patients' quality of life. A large-scale trial was conducted to investigate the effect of probiotics (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P9 [P9]) on CC. Ingesting P9 significantly improved bowel movements and reduced worries and concerns. The P9 group had an enriched population of beneficial bacteria and changes in the fecal metagenome and metabolome. These findings support the use of probiotics in managing CC.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aitana Calvo, Mercedes Gonzalez-Hidalgo, Ana Terleira, Nieves Fernandez, Antonio Portoles
Summary: This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PKPD) of the centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant (CMR) carisoprodol and found that CMRs may have some effects through sedation, but no direct muscle relaxation evidence was found. The effects on psychomotor impairment and meprobamate were uncertain, and no withdrawal symptoms were detected, suggesting a low risk of dependence with recommended doses and treatment duration under medical supervision.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Siyi Wang, Xiaoyan Yang, Jie Huang, Shuang Yang, Qian Wu, Honghui Chen, Shuting Wu, Changlin Dou, Guoping Yang, Yuxia Xiang
Summary: This study compared the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and immunogenicity of LY06006 (denosumab biosimilar) and denosumab in healthy Chinese adult male subjects. The results demonstrated that LY06006 and denosumab have similar characteristics and bioequivalence in pharmacokinetics, as well as similar pharmacodynamic profiles, safety, and immunogenicity.
EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pasquale Caponnetto, Davide Campagna, Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Christopher Russell, Marilena Maglia, Paolo Marco Riela, Carmelo Fabio Longo, Barbara Busa, Riccardo Polosa
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of varenicline combined with vaping cessation counseling for daily e-cigarette users who intend to quit. The results show that including varenicline in the cessation program may lead to prolonged abstinence. These positive findings can guide future recommendations and interventions for vaping cessation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiaomei Zhang, Shanbin Chen, Ming Zhang, Fazheng Ren, Yimei Ren, Yixuan Li, Ning Liu, Yan Zhang, Qi Zhang, Ran Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota on constipation and depression symptoms in patients with specific etiology and gut microbiota. The results showed that LcS could alleviate certain symptoms of constipation and depression, regulate intestinal microbiota related to mental illness, and significantly decrease IL-6 levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaige Zhang, Hui Liu, Peng Liu, Qi Feng, Lihong Gan, Ling Yao, Gen Huang, Ziling Fang, Tingtao Chen, Nian Fang
Summary: This study shows that the administration of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MH-301 can improve postoperative symptoms in patients with internal hemorrhoids. High-throughput sequencing analysis reveals that the group treated with L. plantarum MH-301 has a higher diversity of intestinal microbiota and a higher relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, Megamonas, and Lactobacillus. Therefore, L. plantarum MH-301 can enhance the efficacy of endoscopic sclerotherapy and improve bowel movements.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hyun A. Lee, Sujung Kim, Hyoryeong Seo, Soyeon Kim
Summary: This study compared the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of SB16, EU-DEN, and US-DEN. The results demonstrated pharmacokinetic bioequivalence among these three drugs in healthy male subjects.
EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elina C. V. Brinck, Taru Virtanen, Sanna Maekelae, Venla Soini, Ville-Veikko Hynninen, Jukka Mulo, Urmas Savolainen, Juho Rantakokko, Kreu Maisniemi, Antti Liukas, Klaus T. Olkkola, Vesa Kontinen, Pekka Tarkkila, Marko Peltoniemi, Teijo I. Saari
Summary: The study found that adding S-ketamine to oxycodone PCA at a ratio of 1:0.75 can decrease cumulative oxycodone consumption at 24 hours after major lumbar spinal fusion surgery without additional adverse effects. Patients receiving the highest dose of S-ketamine (0.75 mg ml-1) also experienced less pain intensity at rest compared to those receiving lower doses or oxycodone alone.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luyao Wang, Linlin Wang, Peijun Tian, Botao Wang, Shumao Cui, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Long Qian, Qun Wang, Wei Chen, Gang Wang
Summary: By using Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum) CCFM16 treatment, chronic constipation can be effectively relieved by regulating the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid metabolism.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dante Xing, Choongsung Yoo, Drew Gonzalez, Victoria Jenkins, Kay Nottingham, Broderick Dickerson, Megan Leonard, Joungbo Ko, Mark Faries, Wesley Kephart, Martin Purpura, Ralf Jaeger, Shawn D. Wells, Ryan Sowinski, Christopher J. Rasmussen, Richard B. Kreider
Summary: The study investigated the effects of varying doses of PXN on cognitive function and side effects, finding that acute ingestion of 100 mg and 200 mg of PXN may affect measures of cognition, memory, reasoning, and response time. Additionally, daily ingestion of PXN for 7 days was not associated with any clinically significant side effects, suggesting PXN may serve as an effective nootropic agent at doses as low as 50 mg.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xue Zhao, Hongzhong Liu, Wei Tian, Ligang Fang, Mengyang Yu, Xiaofei Wu, Aijing Liu, Ruijie Wan, Li Li, Jinghui Luo, Yuqiong Li, Bo Liu, Yu He, Xiaowen Chen, Yuan Li, Donghong Xu, Hongyun Wang, Xiaohong Han
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of aficamten in healthy Chinese adults. The results showed that aficamten was safe and well-tolerated in the Chinese population, with pharmacokinetics comparable to Western participants. These findings support future clinical studies of aficamten in Chinese patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)