Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Roma Herman, Paulina Dumnicka, Stanislaw Pieczarkowski, Krzysztof Fyderek
Summary: Mucosal healing is the main treatment goal of Crohn's disease, and the Mucosal Inflammation Noninvasive Index (MINI) shows promise in distinguishing mucosal healing from inflammation. This study evaluated MINI in monitoring remissions induced by exclusive enteral nutrition in pediatric CD patients, and found that MINI is superior to fecal calprotectin in predicting disease relapse.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yizhong Wang, Xuefeng Gao, Xinyue Zhang, Fangfei Xiao, Hui Hu, Xiaolu Li, Fang Dong, Mingming Sun, Yongmei Xiao, Ting Ge, Dan Li, Guangjun Yu, Zhanju Liu, Ting Zhang
Summary: The study revealed that pediatric CD patients have gut microbial dysbiosis and altered metabolism after IFX therapy, which is related to treatment outcomes. The effects of IFX treatment may be mediated by enriching bacteria taxa that produce SCFAs and BSH, thereby inhibiting inflammation and restoring bile acid metabolism. Some fecal bacteria and metabolites may serve as predictors of IFX therapy outcomes for pediatric CD patients.
Article
Immunology
Nancy M. Rodig, Madison Weatherly, Abby L. Kaplan, Sonia Arora Ballal, Scott A. Elisofon, Kevin P. Daly, Stacy A. Kahn
Summary: This retrospective study examines the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) in pediatric solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. The study suggests that the efficacy of FMT in pediatric SOT is comparable to the general pediatric recurrent CDI population, but there may be an increased risk of procedure-related serious adverse events in SOT patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shengnan Wang, Shijian Miao, Xiaoxia Qiu, Jie Wu, Yuhuan Wang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the capability of fecal calprotectin (FC) in predicting small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) findings in pediatric patients with known Crohn's disease (CD). The study found that FC was weakly correlated with small bowel inflammation and can be used as a predictor of small bowel mucosal inflammation.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sheng Gao, Xiang Gao, Ruixin Zhu, Dingfeng Wu, Zhongsheng Feng, Na Jiao, Ruicong Sun, Wenxing Gao, Qing He, Zhanju Liu, Lixin Zhu
Summary: Dysbiosis of gut microbial community is associated with the pathogenesis of CD and may serve as a promising noninvasive diagnostic tool. We compared the performances of microbial markers at different biological levels and found that microbial genes were robust diagnostic biomarkers for CD. The gene model showed superior diagnostic capability and specificity for CD, and phosphotransferase system (PTS) played a significant role in its performance.
Article
Immunology
Biao Zou, Shengxuan Liu, Xuesong Li, Jiayi He, Chen Dong, Mengling Ruan, Zhihua Huang, Sainan Shu
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) plus partial enteral nutrition (PEN) as a first-line treatment for active Crohn's disease (CD) in children. The results showed that FMT plus PEN can be used as a first-line treatment for active CD in children.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Charlotte M. Verburgt, Mohammed Ghiboub, Marc A. Benninga, Wouter J. de Jonge, Johan E. Van Limbergen
Summary: The increase in pediatric Crohn's Disease worldwide is linked to dietary shifts, and nutritional therapy such as exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) has been shown to be effective but poorly tolerated. There is a need for alternative and better-tolerated nutritional therapy strategies in children with CD.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luca Scarallo, Paolo Lionetti
Summary: The multifactorial etiology of Crohn's Disease (CD), including genetic and environmental factors, is widely acknowledged. Diet plays a significant role in shaping gut microbiota composition and is suspected to contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Research has focused on dietary therapies for CD management, targeting mucosal inflammation, intestinal dysbiosis, and optimization of nutritional status in pediatric CD patients.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sasha R. Fehily, Chamara Basnayake, Emily K. Wright, Michael A. Kamm
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) shows potential as an effective therapy for Crohn's disease in preliminary studies, but larger controlled trials are needed to confirm its efficacy. No serious safety concerns have been identified so far.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Karin Fetter, Markus Weigel, Benjamin Ott, Moritz Fritzenwanker, Sebastian Stricker, Jan de Laffolie, Torsten Hain
Summary: Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and pathological immune response contribute to the development of Crohn's disease, and genetic mutations play an important role. Environmental factors can influence the composition of the gut microbiome, and therapeutic approaches aim to modulate microbial composition and increase species diversity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hannes Hoelz, Jeannine Heetmeyer, Anastasia Tsakmaklis, Andreas Hiergeist, Kolja Siebert, Federica De Zen, Deborah Haecker, Amira Metwaly, Klaus Neuhaus, Andre Gessner, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Dirk Haller, Tobias Schwerd
Summary: Background: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is effective for pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) but relapse rates are high after return to regular diet. This study explored the use of autologous fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) for maintaining the benefits of EEN. Methods: Fecal material from pediatric CD patients was turned into FMT capsules, with microbial composition analyzed before and after processing. Results: FMT capsules were successfully generated in most deliveries, but there was variability in stool weight and consistency. Microbial composition was not significantly altered by processing, but samples often had low microbial richness and positive results for potential pathogens or drug resistance genes. Conclusions: Autologous capsule-FMT may not be suitable for maintenance therapy in pediatric CD patients due to high pathogen burden, low microbial diversity, and practical limitations of EEN-conditioned fecal material.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael T. Dolinger, Jungwhan J. Choi, Becky L. Phan, Henrietta K. Rosenberg, John Rowland, Marla C. Dubinsky
Summary: This study aimed to explore the utility of small bowel ultrasound as a noninvasive tool to assess induction response to infliximab in pediatric Crohn's disease. The results suggest that SBUS is feasible for measuring early treatment response to IFX, with bowel wall hyperemia being the first parameter to change. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to validate the utility of SBUS as part of a disease monitoring strategy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nader Kameli, Heike E. F. Becker, Tessa Welbers, Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers, John Penders, Paul Savelkoul, Frank R. Stassen
Summary: The study revealed significant differences in the microbial community structure of bacterial membrane vesicles (MV) between CD patients and healthy individuals, with decreased microbial richness in MVs of CD patients. Furthermore, changes in the composition of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria families and genera were observed in MVs of CD patients. Future studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of these fMVs in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Liang Chen, Zhanjun Lu, Dengfeng Kang, Zhongsheng Feng, Gengfeng Li, Mingming Sun, Zhanju Liu, Wei Wu, Leilei Fang
Summary: This study reveals that ADA significantly improves clinical remission and induces mucosal healing in mildly to moderately active CD patients, and changes in the gut microbiota can be used to predict the efficacy of ADA.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Malgorzata Matuszczyk, Monika Meglicka, Anna Wiernicka, Dorota Jarzebicka, Marcin Osiecki, Marta Kotkowicz-Szczur, Jaroslaw Kierkus
Summary: The study demonstrates that the use of CDED + PEN is beneficial in reducing fecal calprotectin levels in children with active Crohn's disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)