Article
Immunology
Zongliang Huang, Wei Wang, Pengpeng Xu, Shangyu Gong, Yingshan Hu, Yan Liu, Fang Su, Khalid Mahmood Anjum, Wu-Min Deng, Suping Yang, Jiyong Liu, Renjie Jiao, Jianming Chen
Summary: In this study, it was found that the adaptor protein Ect4 of the Toll pathway contributes to resistance to viral infection and regulates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saima Kausar, Isma Gul, Ruochen Liu, Xiao-Xue Ke, Zhen Dong, Muhammad Nadeem Abbas, Hongjuan Cui
Summary: The Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is involved in physiological processes like immune responses, hematopoiesis, cell growth, and differentiation. In this study, researchers investigated the function of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins in lepidopteran insects, particularly the Chinese oak silkworm. They identified the full-length sequence of a SOCS-2 protein called ApSOCS-2 and studied its role in the immune response through the JAK-STAT pathway. The results showed that ApSOCS-2 negatively regulates the transcription of antimicrobial peptide genes and plays a key role in the immune function of the insect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Gayle V. Wall, Isabella M. Wright, Carin Barnardo, Baltus J. Erasmus, Vida van Staden, A. Christiaan Potgieter
Summary: This study showed that AHSV NS4 suppresses the host innate immune transcriptional response in the early stages of infection by delaying the activation of key immune system processes. Furthermore, AHSV NS4 disrupts JAK-STAT signaling, impacting the phosphorylation and translocation of key signaling molecules into the nucleus. Overall, AHSV NS4 is a crucial virulence factor that enables the virus to evade host antiviral responses and promote viral replication and spread.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Quanhui Yan, Xiaodi Liu, Yawei Sun, Weijun Zeng, Yuwan Li, Feifan Zhao, Keke Wu, Shuangqi Fan, Mingqiu Zhao, Jinding Chen, Lin Yi
Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in autophagy, apoptosis, and innate immunity induced by swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV) infection, emphasizing their relationship with viral replication and signaling pathway alterations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Chonghui Xu, Jizheng Chen, Xinwen Chen
Summary: Hepatitis viruses are the primary causative agents of hepatitis and pose a major public health issue globally. The host innate immune system acts as the first line of defense against these viruses. However, hepatitis viruses evade host immune surveillance through various strategies, compromising the innate immune response and creating a favorable environment for viral replication.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Malgorzata Galecka, Janusz Szemraj, Kuan-Pin Su, Angelos Halaris, Michael Maes, Aleksandra Skiba, Piotr Galecki, Katarzyna Blizniewska-Kowalska
Summary: This study found that there is increased expression of JAK3 and decreased expression of STAT1 in depressed patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Marco Y. W. Zaki, Ahmed M. Fathi, Samara Samir, Nardeen Eldafashi, Kerolis Y. William, Maiiada Hassan Nazmy, Moustafa Fathy, Upkar S. Gill, Shishir Shetty
Summary: HBV and HCV infections are the most common risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and their distribution affects the global prevalence of this type of liver cancer. Hepatitis infections elicit immune responses within the liver microenvironment, and persistent viral infection leads to chronic liver inflammation and carcinogenesis.
Review
Virology
Chunfu Zheng, Yan-Dong Tang
Summary: This article introduces the role of CDKs family members in the cell cycle and emphasizes their emerging role in antiviral innate immunity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wen-Rui He, Jin Yuan, Yu-He Ma, Cheng-Yan Zhao, Zhong-Yuan Yang, Yuhang Zhang, Shichong Han, Bo Wan, Gai-Ping Zhang
Summary: The regulation of host inflammatory and innate immune responses by ASFV has been summarized, providing insights into the development of ASFV vaccines and antiviral drugs. The understanding of viral proteins involved in immune evasion is crucial for the development of effective vaccines for African swine fever.
Article
Microbiology
Wei Wu, Yang Qu, Shengqing Yu, Sa Wang, Yuncong Yin, Qinfang Liu, Chunchun Meng, Ying Liao, Zaib Ur Rehman, Lei Tan, Cuiping Song, Xusheng Qiu, Weiwei Liu, Chan Ding, Yingjie Sun
Summary: DDX21 is identified as a key regulator of immune balance, with virus infection and RNA/DNA ligands leading to its cleavage and suppression of the interferon beta signaling pathway. Modulating DDX21 cleavage may impact the innate immune response to viruses.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Annah Lee, Gabriela Cardoso Dal Pont, Michele Battaglia, Ryan J. Arsenault, Michael H. Kogut
Summary: This study examines the effect of chestnut tannins (ChT) on broiler chicken immunity pathways, finding that ChT may influence host immunity through an IL-6 mediated response beneficial for early defense against pathogens. Additionally, the inclusion of ChT alters the role of the JAK-STAT pathway in the regulation of the immune system.
Article
Immunology
Pengfei Chen, Junrui Zhu, Jiarong Yu, Ruilin Liu, Mengqin Lao, Lingxue Yu, Fei Gao, Yifeng Jiang, Changlong Liu, Wu Tong, Huili Liu, Guangzhi Tong, Yanjun Zhou
Summary: This study found that PEDV infection activates the host innate immune response, leading to the production of abundant type I/III interferons and interferon-stimulated genes. In the late stage of infection, the JAK-STAT signaling pathway is activated and promotes interferon expression. Silencing of the RLRs and TLRs signaling pathways resulted in a significant decrease in type I/III interferons and interferon-stimulated genes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xin Yu, Linfeng Li, Matthew T. V. Chan, William Ka Kei Wu
Summary: Research suggests that there may be a correlation between herpes zoster and COVID-19 through similar subset of genes involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Both diseases show augmented Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17 signaling.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh, Michinori Kohara, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara
Summary: This review discusses the importance of TLR responses in HCV infection and the mechanisms adopted by HCV to avoid immune surveillance mediated by TLRs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Qingsen Wang, Wenliang Pan, Song Wang, Chen Pan, Hongya Ning, Shile Huang, Shih-Hsin Chiu, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: The study demonstrates that influenza A virus (IAV) suppresses antiviral innate immunity by activating EGFR/ERK signaling and induces activation of protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2, which modulates EGFR-mediated ERK activity and antiviral effectiveness. SHP2 acts as a key signal transducer between EGFR and ERK during IAV infection, playing a crucial role in suppressing host innate immunity.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Martin J. Lett, Hema Mehta, Adrian Keogh, Tina Jaeger, Maxime Jacquet, Kate Powell, Marie-Anne Meier, Isabel Fofana, Hassan Melhem, Juerg Vosbeck, Gieri Cathomas, Andres Heigl, Markus H. Heim, Emanuel Burri, Kirsten D. Mertz, Jan Hendrik Niess, Otto Kollmar, Christoph J. Zech, Robert Ivanek, Urs Duthaler, Paul Klenerman, Deborah Stroka, Magdalena Filipowicz Sinnreich
Summary: This study reveals the significant roles of liver cells in the activation and antigen metabolism of MAIT cells. The presence of MAIT cell stimulatory antigens in the serum may contribute to the development of liver diseases.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fahim Ebrahimi, David Semela, Markus Heim
Summary: The study confirmed the safety of propofol sedation during HVPG measurements, but highlighted potential alterations in HVPG readings. Results showed that some patients may be misclassified under sedation.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Romain Samuel Roth, Stavroula Masouridi-Levrat, Federica Giannotti, Anne-Claire Mamez, Emmanouil Glambedakis, Frederic Lamoth, Pierre-Yves Bochud, Veronique Erard, Stephane Emonet, Christian Van Delden, Laurent Kaiser, Yves Chalandon, Dionysios Neofytos
Summary: The study observed antifungal treatment of adult allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant recipients with invasive mould infections for 10 years, revealing long treatment duration, frequent changes, and various influencing factors on treatment effectiveness. Early initiation of appropriate treatment was associated with improved outcomes.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Melisa Dirchwolf, Chiara Becchetti, Sarah G. Gschwend, Christian Toso, Philipp Dutkowski, Franz Immer, Franziska Beyeler, Simona Rossi, Jonas Schropp, Jean-Francois Dufour, Vanessa Banz
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of the MELD Upgrade rule and all other MELD exceptions on liver transplant waiting list outcomes in Switzerland. The results indicated that only patients with MELD Upgrade exceptions had higher waiting list mortality and quicker access to liver transplantation.
Article
Immunology
Benjamin Speich, Frederique Chammartin, Irene A. Abela, Patrizia Amico, Marcel P. Stoeckle, Anna L. Eichenberger, Barbara Hasse, Dominique L. Braun, Mace M. Schuurmans, Thomas F. Mueller, Michael Tamm, Annette Audige, Nicolas J. Mueller, Andri Rauch, Huldrych F. Guenthard, Michael T. Koller, Alexandra Trkola, Matthias Briel, Katharina Kusejko, Heiner C. Bucher
Summary: This randomized trial compared the efficacy of Pfizer-BioNTech's BNT162b2 and Moderna's mRNA-1273 vaccines in immunocompromised patients. The results showed that the antibody response of mRNA-1273 was noninferior to BNT162b2, but a high proportion of transplant recipients had no antibody response.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Johan Maertens, Tom Lodewyck, J. Peter Donnelly, Sylvain Chantepie, Christine Robin, Nicole Blijlevens, Pascal Turlure, Dominik Selleslag, Frederic Baron, Mickael Aoun, Werner J. Heinz, Hartmut Bertz, Zdenek Racil, Bernard Vandercam, Lubos Drgona, Valerie Coiteux, Cristina Castilla Llorente, Cornelia Schaefer-Prokop, Marianne Paesmans, Lieveke Ameye, Liv Meert, Kin Jip Cheung, Deborah A. Hepler, Juergen Loeffler, Rosemary Barnes, Oscar Marchetti, Paul Verweij, Frederic Lamoth, Pierre-Yves Bochud, Michael Schwarzinger, Catherine Cordonnier
Summary: In high-risk neutropenic patients, a preemptive antifungal strategy based on diagnostic screening is as effective as a fever-driven empiric approach, with improved safety.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Pavlina Mastrandreas, Andreas Arnold, Csaba Boglari, Dominique J-F De Quervain, Attila Stetak, Andreas Papassotiropoulos
Summary: Musashi RNA-binding proteins play a vital role in stem cell maintenance, tumorigenesis, and nervous system development. Inhibiting Musashi activity with a drug improved memory retention and reversed age-related memory decline.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Wilker, Vanja Vukojevic, Anna Schneider, Anett Pfeiffer, Stefan Inerle, Markus Pauly, Thomas Elbert, Andreas Papassotiropoulos, Dominique de Quervain, Iris-Tatjana Kolassa
Summary: Epigenetic changes are associated with effective psychotherapy, and DNA methylation at the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) is a potential biomarker for therapy success in treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This study found that methylation at CpG site cg25535999 was negatively associated with PTSD symptoms, and treatment responders showed an increase in this methylation after therapy. Lower methylation at cg25535999 before treatment predicted greater symptom improvement.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sarp Uzun, Carl P. Zinner, Amke C. Beenen, Ilaria Alborelli, Ewelina M. Bartoszek, Jason Yeung, Byron Calgua, Matthias Reinscheid, Peter Bronsert, Anna K. Stalder, Jasmin D. Haslbauer, Juerg Vosbeck, Luca Mazzucchelli, Tobias Hoffmann, Luigi M. Terracciano, Gregor Hutter, Michael Manz, Isabelle Panne, Tobias Boettler, Maike Hofmann, Bertram Bengsch, Markus H. Heim, Christine Bernsmeier, Sizun Jiang, Alexandar Tzankov, Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Matthias S. Matter
Summary: Liver injury after COVID-19 vaccination, known as vaccine-induced liver injury (VILI), shares similarities with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) but also exhibits distinct differences in histomorphology, pathway activation, immune infiltrates, and TCR usage. VILI may be considered a separate entity closely related to drug-induced autoimmune-like hepatitis.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Wenjuan Pu, Huan Zhu, Mingjun Zhang, Monika Pikiolek, Caner Ercan, Jie Li, Xiuzhen Huang, Ximeng Han, Zhenqian Zhang, Zan Lv, Yan Li, Kuo Liu, Lingjuan He, Xiuxiu Liu, Markus H. Heim, Luigi M. Terracciano, Jan S. Tchorz, Bin Zhou
Summary: Transitional liver progenitor cells (TLPCs), derived from biliary epithelial cells (BECs), differentiate into hepatocytes after severe liver damage. Notch and WNT/β-catenin signaling regulate the conversions of BEC-to-TLPC and TLPC-to-hepatocyte, respectively.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dirk Mossmann, Christoph Mueller, Sujin Park, Brendan Ryback, Marco Colombi, Nathalie Ritter, Diana Weissenberger, Eva Dazert, Mairene Coto-Llerena, Sandro Nuciforo, Lauriane Blukacz, Caner Ercan, Veronica Jimenez, Salvatore Piscuoglio, Fatima Bosch, Luigi M. Terracciano, Uwe Sauer, Markus H. Heim, Michael N. Hall
Summary: Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, and arginine is identified as a second messenger-like molecule that promotes tumor growth by controlling the expression of metabolic genes.
Article
Immunology
Oriol Manuel, Mirjam Laager, Cedric Hirzel, Dionysios Neofytos, Laura N. Walti, Gideon Hoenger, Isabelle Binet, Aurelia Schnyder, Susanne Stampf, Michael Koller, Matteo Mombelli, Min Jeong Kim, Matthias Hoffmann, Katrin Koenig, Christoph Hess, Anne-Valerie Burgener, Pietro E. Cippa, Kerstin Huebel, Thomas F. Mueller, Daniel Sidler, Suzan Dahdal, Franziska Suter-Riniker, Jean Villard, Andrea Zbinden, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Nasser Semmo, Karine Hadaya, Natalia Enriquez, Pascal R. Meylan, Marc Froissart, Dela Golshayan, Thomas Fehr, Uyen Huynh-Do, Manuel Pascual, Christian van Delden, Hans H. Hirsch, Peter Jueni, Nicolas J. Mueller, Swiss Transplant Cohort Study STCS
Summary: This study examined the use of immune monitoring to individualize the duration of antiviral prophylaxis after transplantation. The results showed that immune monitoring led to a significant reduction in prophylaxis duration, but did not establish noninferiority in terms of the primary outcome of CMV infection.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonora Szabo, Nadia Cummins, Paolo Paganetti, Alex Odermatt, Andreas Papassotiropoulos, Celeste Karch, Jurgen Gotz, Anne Eckert, Amandine Grimm
Summary: Abnormal tau protein disrupts the interaction between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, leading to impaired mitochondrial function and cholesterol metabolism. This study shows that abnormal tau loosens the association between ER and mitochondria, particularly through the VAPB-PTPIP51 pathway. Disruption of the ER-mitochondria interaction results in altered levels of mitochondrial cholesterol and pregnenolone, which can be restored by inhibiting GSK3 beta.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kostas C. Nikolaou, Svenja Godbersen, Muthiah Manoharan, Stefan Wieland, Markus H. Heim, Markus Stoffel
Summary: TRIM21 is identified as a negative regulator of liver steatosis in NASH, degrading key regulators of de novo lipogenesis and the rate-limiting enzyme of fructose metabolism. Inhibition of key lipogenic activators via TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination may provide a therapeutic opportunity to treat NASH.
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, General & Internal
Lauriane Blukacz, Geoffrey Fucile, Sandro Nuciforo, Stefan Wieland, Markus H. Heim
SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY
(2022)