Article
Neurosciences
Chorong Oh
Summary: The study compared the predictive power for AD of dual-task gait performance in an AD assessment to that of single-task gait performance, and found that the gait performance under a dual-task condition increased the proportion of variance explained by the incidence of AD. Dual-task walking and talking may be a more effective diagnostic feature than single-task walking in a comprehensive AD diagnostic assessment.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Linhui Ni, Wen Lv, Di Sun, Yi Sun, Yu Sun, Xinxin Xu, Mengyue Chang, Xing Han, Shuai Tao, Xingyue Hu, Huaying Cai
Summary: Given the limitations of neuropsychological tests, researchers have sought to identify a simple and reliable means, such as gait, to differentiate mild dementia subtypes. This study described distinct gait signatures in post-stroke dementia (PSD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and found certain gait parameters that could distinguish PSD from post-stroke non-dementia and AD. Specific gait characteristics could potentially aid in the early identification of PSD and facilitate non-invasive discrimination between PSD and AD or other subtypes of dementia.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Che-Sheng Chu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Chih-Ming Cheng, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Ya-Mei Bai, Chih-Sung Liang, Mu-Hong Chen
Summary: The study found that patients with dengue were more likely to develop dementia during the follow-up period, especially Alzheimer's disease and unspecified dementia. Consistent results were observed after excluding potential dementia patients. Further research is needed to investigate the underlying pathophysiology of dengue and dementia.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Sophia X. Sui, Ashlee M. Hendy, Wei-Peng Teo, Joshua T. Moran, Nathan D. Nuzum, Julie A. Pasco
Summary: Poor motor function and slow gait speed are associated with cognitive decline and increased risk of dementia. Parallel declines in muscle and cognitive performance may be driven primarily by muscle deterioration, but bidirectional pathways involving muscle-brain crosstalk are likely to exist. Dual-task gait reflects how the brain allocates resources when challenged, and poor performance on dual-task gait may predict dementia onset. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a promising, cost-effective neuroimaging technique that can help identify subtle changes in gait and improve diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction and dementia.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Dong-Kyun Koo, Tae-Su Jang, Jung-Won Kwon
Summary: The study found that dual-task training (DTT) was more effective than single-task training (STT) in improving gait parameters, especially in stride velocity, step length, and swing phase, in elderly patients with mild dementia. These results suggest that therapists should consider incorporating dual tasks into their gait rehabilitation programs for the treatment of mild dementia.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jiazhen Zheng, Can Ni, Yingchai Zhang, Jinghan Huang, Daniel Nyarko Hukportie, Buwen Liang, Shaojun Tang
Summary: Using large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization analyses, the study finds evidence of potential causal associations between glucosamine use and lower risk for dementia. However, further validation through randomized controlled trials is needed.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jong-Hee Sohn, Jae Jun Lee, Sang-Hwa Lee, Chulho Kim, Hyunjae Yu, Young-Suk Kwon, Dong-Kyu Kim
Summary: The study based on Korean National Health Insurance Service data found a significant positive association between exposure to general anesthesia and dementia risk, especially Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, with higher risks for women and patients with comorbidities.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dan-Dan Zhang, Ya-Nan Ou, Liu Yang, Ya-Hui Ma, Lan Tan, Jian-Feng Feng, Wei Cheng, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: This study used data from the UK Biobank to investigate the association between cancer status and the risk of dementia. The results showed that cancer patients had a lower risk of dementia, especially in those with cancers in the male genital system. Non-melanoma skin cancer and prostate cancer were also associated with a reduced risk of dementia.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Behnaz Ghoraani, Lillian N. Boettcher, Murtadha D. Hssayeni, Amie Rosenfeld, Magdalena Tolea, James E. Galvin
Summary: This study introduces a diagnostic algorithm based on gait and machine learning to detect MCI and AD. By collecting and analyzing gait data from participants, the algorithm achieved an accuracy of 78% in distinguishing between healthy, MCI, and AD individuals. This novel approach demonstrates the potential of gait-based cognitive screening and machine learning in early detection and intervention for cognitive impairment.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
N. Ali, H. Tian, L. Thabane, J. Ma, H. Wu, Q. Zhong, Y. Gao, C. Sun, Y. Zhu, T. Wang
Summary: Dual-task training can enhance cognitive and physical functions in individuals with cognitive impairment, dementia, or Alzheimer's disease. The results of the study show that dual-task training has a positive effect on global cognitive function, memory, executive function, gait speed, attention, dual-task cost, and balance.
JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mingyue He, Tenghong Lian, Peng Guo, Yanan Zhang, Yue Huang, Jing Qi, Jinghui Li, Huiying Guan, Dongmei Luo, Zhan Liu, Weijia Zhang, Zijing Zheng, Hao Yue, Jing Li, Wenjing Zhang, Ruidan Wang, Fan Zhang, Xiaomin Wang, Wei Zhang
Summary: This study explored the nutrition and gait of AD patients and their relationship at different stages. It found that patients at the dementia stage had worse nutritional status and gait performance compared to those at the MCI stage. Poorer nutritional status was associated with higher gait variability in patients at the MCI stage and with poorer gait performance in patients at the dementia stage. Early identification and intervention of patients with nutritional risk or malnutrition may improve gait performance and reduce the risk of falling, cognitive decline, and mortality.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Constanza San Martin Valenzuela, Lirios Duenas, Jose M. Tomas, Patricia Correa-Ghisays, Pilar Serra-Ano
Summary: This study aimed to identify patient characteristics and clinical test results that predict the functional gait speed of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). The results showed that sociodemographic factors, disease stage, and clinical test results significantly influenced gait speed, emphasizing the multifactorial nature of gait in demanding environments.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Agnieszka Kasiukiewicz, Lukasz Magnuszewski, Marta Swietek, Zyta Beata Wojszel
Summary: The study aimed to assess the performance of dual-task tests in the geriatric population and found that dual-task tests can differentiate patients with depression, MCI, and dementia from healthy controls, which is important for evaluating the cognitive status of patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Sally Day, Stefanie Roberts, Nathalie H. Launder, Anita M. Y. Goh, Brian Draper, Alex Bahar-Fuchs, Samantha M. Loi, Kate Laver, Adrienne Withall, Monica Cations
Summary: Younger people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have a worse prognosis in terms of faster cognitive decline compared to older individuals. More research is needed to determine the impact of symptom onset age in vascular dementia (VaD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), as well as functional decline in all types of dementias.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dylan X. Guan, Hung-Yu Chen, Richard Camicioli, Manuel Montero-Odasso, Eric E. Smith, Zahinoor Ismail
Summary: This study found that mild behavioral impairment (MBI) and dual-task gait cost (DTGC) are associated with gait speed and DTGC in non-demented individuals, regardless of the presence or absence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These findings provide evidence of the relationship between non-cognitive dementia markers of behavior and gait.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Nina Gras, Torsten Brauner, Scott Wearing, Thomas Horstmann
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the challenge posed by progressively unstable balance devices to bipedal stance during early functional rehabilitation in THA patients. The results showed that increasingly compliant balance pads provided a progressive challenge, while the challenge posed by the oscillating platform was lower and independent of the ability to stand independently.
Article
Neurosciences
Sharon M. H. Tsang, Evest H. W. Chan, Jason Y. H. Chan, Gladys P. Y. Huang, Kelly K. T. Lam, Eunice W. Y. Lam, Allan C. L. Fu, Eliza R. Sun
Summary: This study examined the differences in postural adjustments between erect, hyperlordotic, and swayback postures when facing external perturbations. The findings suggest that adopting hyperlordotic and swayback postures alters the contributions of the active and passive subsystems of the spine in postural control, potentially reducing the spine's ability to withstand loading and shear forces.
Article
Neurosciences
Hsin-yi Wang, Cheng-Yi Ho, Min-Chun Pan
Summary: This study investigated the differences in lumbar and hip movements during gait and muscle activities related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and healthy participants. The results showed that KOA patients used a hyperlordotic lumbar and hip flexed strategy, leading to excessive stress on the lower extremity joints during gait.
Article
Neurosciences
Yoshitaka Otani, Osamu Aoki
Summary: This study found that feelings of fear affect postural control but not the internal focus of attention. This finding may be useful in assessments and interventions for older adults with a fall risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Haruki Toda, Hiroaki Hobara, Mitsunori Tada
Summary: This study investigated sex differences in lower limb dynamic joint stiffness (DJS) during walking in older adults. The results showed that ankle DJS was lower in older women, which was caused by the reduced ankle plantarflexion moment. However, knee DJS did not elucidate the cause of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in older women.
Article
Neurosciences
Luis H. Cubillos, Elliott J. Rouse, Thomas E. Augenstein, Varun Joshi, Edward S. Claflin, Chandramouli Krishnan
Summary: The study found that the reliability of stiffness, viscosity, and inertia of the ankle joint was good to excellent during standing. During walking, the reliability of stiffness and viscosity was also good to excellent, while that of inertia was fair to good. The minimal detectable change (MDC) ranged widely, but was higher for inertia during walking.
Article
Neurosciences
Alexandra F. Dejong Lempke, Danielle L. Hunt, Sarah B. Willwerth, Pierre A. d'Hemecourt, William P. Meehan III, Kristin E. Whitney
Summary: Adolescent athletes alter their gait patterns throughout a marathon race, and there are correlations between biomechanical features and race performance among young marathoners.
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Esmaeili, Sayed Esmaeil Hosseininejad, Amirali Jafarnezhadgero, Valdeci Carlos Dionisio
Summary: This study investigates the effects of footwear type, navicular drop and ankle pronation on lower limb joint stiffness during running. The results show that navicular drop and dynamic ankle pronation do not affect joint stiffness, but footwear type significantly affects joint stiffness. Conventional footwear increases ankle and hip joint stiffness while reducing knee joint stiffness, which may have implications for injury risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Takahiro Watanabe, Tomoya Takabayashi, Takanori Kikumoto, Yudai Kikuchi, Shunsuke Suzuki, Shiori Hiratsuka, Masayoshi Kubo
Summary: This study suggests that there are differences in abductor hallucis activity between individuals with chronic ankle instability and ankle sprain copers, indicating neuromuscular dysfunction in these patients, which leads to pain and instability symptoms.
Letter
Neurosciences
Susan M. Linder, Mandy Miller Koop, Jay L. Alberts
Article
Neurosciences
Elza van Duijnhoven, Marit van der Veen, Fieke S. Koopman, Frans Nollet, Sjoerd M. Bruijn, Merel-Anne Brehm
Summary: Gait stability is impaired in polio survivors with plantarflexor weakness, characterized by increased step width and step length variability and lower MoSAP. These factors are related to the elevated energy cost of walking in polio survivors.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca Hemming, Alister du Rose, Liba Sheeran, Robert van Deursen, Valerie Sparkes
Summary: In a forward bending task, there is a relationship between trunk muscle activation and regional thoracic and lumbar kinematics in NSCLBP subgroups, indicating different motor control strategies adopted by different subgroups when performing bending tasks.
Review
Neurosciences
Carina Pohle, Linda Becker, Jochen Baumeister
Summary: This systematic review is the first to compile evidence on the effect of the menstrual cycle on postural control. The evidence regarding the influence of the menstrual cycle on postural control is unclear. However, a trend of decreased postural control from the early follicular phase to the ovulatory phase was observed in balance tasks that eliminated or altered sensory input.