Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Luis Andreu-Caravaca, Domingo J. Ramos-Campo, Pedro Manonelles, Linda H. Chung, Salvador Ramallo, Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of resistance training on balance in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The results showed that resistance training with a concentric phase at maximum velocity had no impact on balance in the sample. Future studies should consider longer training programs or combine with other types of training to achieve improvements in balance in people with MS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sofia Olivia Calvo-Moreno, Elena Sonsoles Rodriguez-Lopez, Umut Varol, Maria Benito-de-Pedro, Elena Anos-Merino, Orlando Conde-Vazquez, Cesar Fernandez-de-las-Penas, Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of different environmental acoustic conditions on test-retest reliability and determine the most appropriate number of trials for calculating a valid mean average score. The results showed that the reliability and sensitivity to changes were better in silent conditions. However, there were no significant differences in scores and the reliability estimates were comparable between noisy and silent conditions for cross-sectional studies.
Article
Virology
Kelly Helorany Alves Costa, Patricia Seixas Alves Santos, Gizele Cristina da Silva Almeida, Andrew Sousa Caires, Beatriz Helena Baldez Vasconcelos, Ramon Costa Lima, Mariangela Moreno Domingues, Maria da Conceicao Nascimento Pinheiro, Rita Catarina Medeiros Sousa, Anselmo de Athayde Costa e Silva, Givago Silva Souza, Bianca Callegari
Summary: The study compared the static balance control of HTLV-1-infected patients with different TSP/HAM diagnosis. The results showed that patients with definite TSP/HAM had increased postural instability compared to control and probable TSP/HAM.
Article
Biology
Michele Gallamini, Giorgio Piastra, Simonetta Lucarini, Debora Porzio, Matteo Ronchi, Alessio Pirino, Fabio Scoppa, Stefano Masiero, Lucrezia Tognolo
Summary: This study introduces an innovative instrumental method to identify balance deficits, assess their severity, and automatically indicate the most likely etiology in the elderly population. By applying this method to 551 females aged over 65, the researchers successfully identified 145 dysfunctional subjects and determined the likely origin of their deficits.
Article
Neurosciences
Haruhiko Sato, Yuko Nomura, Kanami Kamide
Summary: This study examined the relationship between static balance and gait in typically developing children aged 2-6 years. The results showed that gait variability was associated with COP sway while standing, whereas stride length was independent of any static balance parameters.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cecilia Molnar, Zsofia Palya, Rita M. Kiss
Summary: The study aimed to develop a complex biomechanical measurement procedure to investigate Hungarian folk dancers' balancing ability and lower body kinematics. Results showed that the range of motion of the knee and hip joints increased significantly during dancing sessions, with the non-dominant leg requiring more attention to execute dance steps correctly. Additionally, postural sway in the posterior direction significantly increased after dancing, while visual feedback did not have a significant effect on the dancers' balancing ability.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kanghyeon Lee, Youngsu Cha
Summary: In this study, an analytical model for an electrohydraulic actuator is developed to analyze its performance considering the displacement. The performance of a soft gripper based on two facing electrohydraulic actuators is theoretically estimated in terms of workspace and grasping force. Parametric studies are conducted by varying the length of backbone plate, the amount of dielectric fluid, and the permittivity of the fluid to demonstrate the changes in performance.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Gabor M. Halmagyi, Ian S. Curthoys
Summary: Normal stance relies on vision, proprioception, and vestibular function. The Romberg test is a well-known assessment for distal proprioceptive impairment. Vestibular function tests nowadays are based on measurements of oligosynaptic brainstem reflexes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
J. Volf, V. Novak, J. Stebila, P. Kvasnova, V. Ryzenko, D. Novak
Summary: The article introduces a piezoelectric force sensor based on piezo ceramics PZK 850 for both dynamic and static force measurement. The principle of the sensor involves damping crystal vibration with static force to determine resonance frequencies for measuring static forces.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jerzy K. Niedzielski, Michal Kaczmarek
Summary: The study aimed to investigate balance disorders in children after mild head trauma. Results showed that children aged 11-15 were particularly affected, but all patients were able to control body balance like their healthy peers 3 months after injury.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
M. M. Ammar, Magdy I. Mohamed, Gouda M. Mahmoud, Saher R. Hassan, Rolf Kumme, H. M. Zakaria, A. M. Gaafer
Summary: This paper demonstrates a new setup and analysis method for measuring the stiffness of dynamic force transducers under static force. The measured static stiffness is compared to dynamic stiffness measured under sinusoidal force, revealing a noticeable difference between the two. Factors such as rocking modes, lateral forces, and mechanical coupling between the force transducer and electrodynamic shaker affect the accuracy of dynamic stiffness.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yu-Jen Wang, Ren-Yi Huang, Chung-Yang Sue, Yeng-Tseng Wang
Summary: This study presents a novel triaxis static force sensor using lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic rings, where ultrasonic waves are generated in detector rings by driving the actuator ring at the resonance frequency of the thickness vibration mode. The sensing mechanism is based on the variation of compliance coefficient, and a design without external components is proposed for enhancing force sensing capability.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kai Heng, Tianli Chen, Ruiwen Li, Hao Wu
Summary: This study examines the dynamic behaviors of double-column reinforced concrete piers under horizontal impact through experimental and numerical methods. The results show that the impact velocity dominates the development of impact force-time history, while the impact mass becomes more significant as the impact process progresses. The damage levels and lateral displacement of the impacted pier are positively related to the impact kinetic energy rather than the impact momentum. Based on shear resistance and energy conversion, a novel equivalent static force (ESF) and corresponding ESF-based performance design are proposed for double-column RC piers against horizontal impact.
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Yanwen Liu, Bing Yang, Benhuai Li, Shou-Ne Xiao, Tao Zhu, Guangwu Yang, Ruixian Xiu, Jingke Zhang, Xiaorui Wang
Summary: This study proposed a design strategy for a new flexible quasi-static test platform targeting the shortcomings of the existing crushing test platform for rail vehicles. The elastic-plastic performance of the anti-collision posts of a typical subway vehicle was experimentally investigated using the developed test platform. The results show that the proposed design strategy is correct and feasible, and the developed test platform has good stability and meets the requirements for elastic-plastic tests of anti-collision posts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RAIL TRANSPORTATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
E. L. S. Souza-Junior, Ludmila Schettino, C. M. Araujo, Rafael Pereira, Alinne Alves Oliveira, Claudio Henrique Meira Mascarenhas, Marcos Henrique Fernandes
Summary: This study explored the separate and combined impacts of sensory-motor factors on gait speed in older women and developed a multivariate regression model to explain the variation in gait speed. Results showed that age, plantar tactile perception, MV (Romberg index), and lower limb explosive force significantly impact gait speed. The multivariate model had a high explanatory power and could effectively predict or affect gait speed.
Article
Neurosciences
Nina Gras, Torsten Brauner, Scott Wearing, Thomas Horstmann
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the challenge posed by progressively unstable balance devices to bipedal stance during early functional rehabilitation in THA patients. The results showed that increasingly compliant balance pads provided a progressive challenge, while the challenge posed by the oscillating platform was lower and independent of the ability to stand independently.
Article
Neurosciences
Sharon M. H. Tsang, Evest H. W. Chan, Jason Y. H. Chan, Gladys P. Y. Huang, Kelly K. T. Lam, Eunice W. Y. Lam, Allan C. L. Fu, Eliza R. Sun
Summary: This study examined the differences in postural adjustments between erect, hyperlordotic, and swayback postures when facing external perturbations. The findings suggest that adopting hyperlordotic and swayback postures alters the contributions of the active and passive subsystems of the spine in postural control, potentially reducing the spine's ability to withstand loading and shear forces.
Article
Neurosciences
Hsin-yi Wang, Cheng-Yi Ho, Min-Chun Pan
Summary: This study investigated the differences in lumbar and hip movements during gait and muscle activities related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and healthy participants. The results showed that KOA patients used a hyperlordotic lumbar and hip flexed strategy, leading to excessive stress on the lower extremity joints during gait.
Article
Neurosciences
Yoshitaka Otani, Osamu Aoki
Summary: This study found that feelings of fear affect postural control but not the internal focus of attention. This finding may be useful in assessments and interventions for older adults with a fall risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Haruki Toda, Hiroaki Hobara, Mitsunori Tada
Summary: This study investigated sex differences in lower limb dynamic joint stiffness (DJS) during walking in older adults. The results showed that ankle DJS was lower in older women, which was caused by the reduced ankle plantarflexion moment. However, knee DJS did not elucidate the cause of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in older women.
Article
Neurosciences
Luis H. Cubillos, Elliott J. Rouse, Thomas E. Augenstein, Varun Joshi, Edward S. Claflin, Chandramouli Krishnan
Summary: The study found that the reliability of stiffness, viscosity, and inertia of the ankle joint was good to excellent during standing. During walking, the reliability of stiffness and viscosity was also good to excellent, while that of inertia was fair to good. The minimal detectable change (MDC) ranged widely, but was higher for inertia during walking.
Article
Neurosciences
Alexandra F. Dejong Lempke, Danielle L. Hunt, Sarah B. Willwerth, Pierre A. d'Hemecourt, William P. Meehan III, Kristin E. Whitney
Summary: Adolescent athletes alter their gait patterns throughout a marathon race, and there are correlations between biomechanical features and race performance among young marathoners.
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Esmaeili, Sayed Esmaeil Hosseininejad, Amirali Jafarnezhadgero, Valdeci Carlos Dionisio
Summary: This study investigates the effects of footwear type, navicular drop and ankle pronation on lower limb joint stiffness during running. The results show that navicular drop and dynamic ankle pronation do not affect joint stiffness, but footwear type significantly affects joint stiffness. Conventional footwear increases ankle and hip joint stiffness while reducing knee joint stiffness, which may have implications for injury risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Takahiro Watanabe, Tomoya Takabayashi, Takanori Kikumoto, Yudai Kikuchi, Shunsuke Suzuki, Shiori Hiratsuka, Masayoshi Kubo
Summary: This study suggests that there are differences in abductor hallucis activity between individuals with chronic ankle instability and ankle sprain copers, indicating neuromuscular dysfunction in these patients, which leads to pain and instability symptoms.
Letter
Neurosciences
Susan M. Linder, Mandy Miller Koop, Jay L. Alberts
Article
Neurosciences
Elza van Duijnhoven, Marit van der Veen, Fieke S. Koopman, Frans Nollet, Sjoerd M. Bruijn, Merel-Anne Brehm
Summary: Gait stability is impaired in polio survivors with plantarflexor weakness, characterized by increased step width and step length variability and lower MoSAP. These factors are related to the elevated energy cost of walking in polio survivors.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca Hemming, Alister du Rose, Liba Sheeran, Robert van Deursen, Valerie Sparkes
Summary: In a forward bending task, there is a relationship between trunk muscle activation and regional thoracic and lumbar kinematics in NSCLBP subgroups, indicating different motor control strategies adopted by different subgroups when performing bending tasks.
Review
Neurosciences
Carina Pohle, Linda Becker, Jochen Baumeister
Summary: This systematic review is the first to compile evidence on the effect of the menstrual cycle on postural control. The evidence regarding the influence of the menstrual cycle on postural control is unclear. However, a trend of decreased postural control from the early follicular phase to the ovulatory phase was observed in balance tasks that eliminated or altered sensory input.
