Article
Energy & Fuels
Rakesh Narayana Sarma, Anand M. Shivapuji, Dasappa Srinivasaiah
Summary: Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) can operate with carbonaceous fuels, but require suitable steam supply to prevent coking and ensure safe operation. This study validates a thermodynamic approach through experiments on electrolyte-supported SOFCs fueled by H2 and simulated syngas, providing insights on how to safely utilize carbonaceous fuels in SOFCs.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
By Sanjeev Raj, Sakthi Gnanasundaram, Balaji Krishnamurthy
Summary: A mathematical model was developed to study the gas concentration profiles across the anode of a DC-SOFC, with factors such as cathode and electrolyte design parameters taken into account. The effects of operating potential on concentration profiles were modeled, with electrolyte thickness and TPB length identified as major factors influencing DC-SOFC performance. Comparison with experimental data showed good agreement.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qidong Xu, Lingchao Xia, Qijiao He, Zengjia Guo, Meng Ni
Summary: A 2D model was developed to simulate heat and mass transfer processes in methanol-fuelled SOFC, with parametric simulations conducted to investigate the effects of various factors on SOFC performance. The study found that the peak power density of methanol-fuelled SOFC can be high, but the temperature distribution is significantly affected by the working conditions.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Wei Zhang, Yun Hang Hu
Summary: This paper presents a review and commentary on CO-fueled SOFC technologies, covering materials development for three fundamental components, power output and stabilization strategies, and critical challenges and directions in the development of CO-fueled SOFCs.
ENERGY SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenhao Ren, Wenchao Ma, Xile Hu
Summary: Electrochemical CO reduction can be used to efficiently convert CO2 to chemical fuels. However, current membrane electrode assembly (MEA) CO electrolyzers suffer from low energy efficiency. This study shows that the transport of water and hydroxide ions at the quasi-two-phase interface of the cathode limits the performance of MEA electrolyzers at high current densities. By improving interfacial mass transport, the researchers achieved a lower cell voltage, higher stability, and higher Faradaic yield.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Kong, Zhen Han, Siyu Lu, Meng Ni
Summary: The introduction of a heat bar design can improve the performance and durability of direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells by enhancing temperature uniformity, increasing the Boudouard reaction rate, and reducing the temperature difference between maximum and minimum temperatures by 40%.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chao Sun, Liuzhen Bian, Wang Yu, Yunting Hou, Lijun Wang, Lei Xing, Chaoyi Wang, Jun Peng, Jihua Peng, Shengli An
Summary: La-doped Sr2-xLaxFe1.5Mo0.5O6-$ perovskite oxides exhibit improved crystal structure stability and catalytic activity in a symmetric electrode, showing promising potential for various applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yujiao Xie, Zhongyuan Sun, Tingting Han, Ziheng Xie, Jinjin Zhang, Haibin Sun, Jie Xiao, Yishang Wang, Fangyong Yu, Naitao Yang
Summary: A new catalyst derived from industrial barium slag was developed to enhance the performance of direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs), resulting in improved efficiency and fuel utilization. The catalyst showed superior activity in enhancing cell performance, showcasing its potential for green and efficient energy conversion technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhimin Yang, Xincheng Ren, Houcheng Zhang
Summary: This paper presents an integrated system that efficiently recycles the waste heat from CO-SOFCs using AMTECs. The findings show that waste heat can be recycled effectively using AMTECs, resulting in improved power density and energy efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jun Hyuk Kim, Mingfei Liu, Yu Chen, Ryan Murphy, YongMan Choi, Ying Liu, Meilin Liu
Summary: This study reveals two different configurations of CO reformates on the Ni-YSZ surface during steam methane-reforming (SMR) processes, and the accumulation of S-S bonds at the sulfur-contaminated solid-gas interface significantly hinders the subsequent methane-reforming process. Identification of the key steps responsible for sulfur poisoning is vital for developing effective strategies to minimize the impact of sulfur on robust SOFC operations.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nai Shi, Yun Xie, Yi Yang, Daoming Huan, Yang Pan, Ranran Peng, Changrong Xia, Chusheng Chen, Zhongliang Zhan, Yalin Lu
Summary: This study successfully addresses the challenges encountered in the direct utilization of methane in solid oxide fuel cells through the improvement of anode materials and catalysts, achieving excellent performance.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Si Li, Anxiang Guan, Chao Yang, Chen Peng, Ximeng Lv, Yali Ji, Yueli Quan, Qihao Wang, Lijuan Zhang, Gengfeng Zheng
Summary: The study introduces a dual metal atomic catalyst with Cu-Cu atoms demonstrating high efficiency and selectivity in CO electroreduction to C2+ products, while the Cu-Ni atoms mainly convert CO to CH4.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nor Anisa Arifin, Abd Halim Shamsuddin, Robert Steinberger-Wilckens
Summary: This study evaluates the influence of carbon deposition on the performance of Ni/YSZ and Ni/ScSZ solid oxide fuel cells operating in simulated biogas. The results show that carbon deposition affects performance, with Ni/ScSZ cells having higher carbon content but better performance than Ni/YSZ cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Nanqi Li, Bo Liu, Lichao Jia, Dong Yan, Jian Li
Summary: Liquid biofuels, as renewable and sulfur-free energy supplements, are favored by solid oxide fuel cells for their high efficiency and clean emissions. Direct and indirect utilizations are important for short-chain and long-chain liquid biofuels, respectively. However, the overall summary of their usage, including SOFC technologies and reforming processes, is currently messy and incomplete.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
William A. Maza, Daniel A. Steinhurst, Melissa D. McIntyre, Robert A. Walker, Jeffrey C. Owrutsky
Summary: This study investigated the behavior of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating with simulated syngas, revealing that SOFCs using syngas with a higher H-2 concentration are more prone to heating compared to running on H-2 or CO alone, and that carbon is not observed on the anode surface at 800 degrees C although present in the electrochemically active region at the electrolyte-electrode interface.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Masashi Kishimoto, Yuya Tanimura, Haewon Seo, Hiroshi Iwai, Hideo Yoshida
Summary: This study investigates the electrochemical performance of solid oxide cells (SOCs) under fuel cell and electrolyzer operations. It is found that the asymmetry between the two operation modes is mainly due to the behavior of the hydrogen electrode. The activation and concentration overpotentials show asymmetric behavior at high current densities. The non-identical charge-transfer coefficients in the Butler-Volmer equation and the non-uniform gas concentration formed in the hydrogen electrode contribute to the asymmetry in the activation overpotential, while the non-equimolar counter diffusion of hydrogen and steam caused by Knudsen diffusion is associated with the asymmetry in the concentration overpotential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physics, Applied
Samuel D. Bader, Roger K. Lake, Lesley F. Cohen
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
F. Johnson, J. Kimak, J. Zemen, Z. Soban, E. Schmoranzerova, J. Godinho, P. Nemec, S. Beckert, H. Reichlova, D. Boldrin, J. Wunderlich, L. F. Cohen
Summary: The study discovers a unique anomalous Nernst effect in Mn3NiN thin films, where the direction of the effect is determined by the local antiferromagnetic domain state. By inducing a temperature gradient using a laser beam, the octupole macrodomain arrangement can be imaged and identified on a Hall cross.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Physics, Applied
Paola Borri, Liza Herrera Diez, Qing Hu, David L. Price, Hongping Zhao, Lesley F. Cohen
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mingzhao Zhuo, Gregory Offer, Monica Marinescu
Summary: Nickel-rich layered oxides are commonly used as positive electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries, but their degradation mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, a particle-level model is proposed to describe the structural degradation due to phase transition, including loss of active material, loss of lithium inventory, and resistance increase. The model is incorporated into a cell-level P2D model to investigate the effects of degradation on capacity fade. It is found that the loss of positive electrode active materials dominates the capacity loss, while trapped cyclable lithium in the degraded shell does not directly contribute to the loss.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Brock Doiron, Yi Li, Ryan Bower, Andrei Mihai, Stefano Dal Forno, Sarah Fearn, Ludwig Huttenhofer, Emiliano Cortes, Lesley F. Cohen, Neil M. Alford, Johannes Lischner, Peter Petrov, Stefan A. Maier, Rupert F. Oulton
Summary: Understanding metal-semiconductor interfaces is crucial for photocatalysis and sub-bandgap solar energy harvesting. In this work, we compared the electron extraction efficiency at Au/TiO2 and TiON/TiO2-x interfaces. We found a bottleneck in electron relaxation in the TiON system, and demonstrated that oxygen can enhance electron harvesting and prolong electron lifetimes at the metal-semiconductor interface.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mingzhao Zhuo, Niall Kirkaldy, Tom Maull, Timothy Engstrom, Gregory Offer, Monica Marinescu
Summary: Traditional equivalent circuit models have limitations in estimating battery internal states due to the lack of relevant physics, such as lithium diffusion. This study introduces a new circuit element called diffusion-aware voltage source to describe lithium diffusion and incorporates the diffusion overpotential. The proposed circuit model, called shell ECM, can reproduce simulation results of the single particle model and shows robustness in dynamic current profiles.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alberto A. Mendonca, Luis Ghivelder, Pablo L. Bernardo, Lesley F. Cohen, Angelo M. Gomes
Summary: In this study, a Cr-doped Ni2.15Mn0.70Cr0.15Ga alloy was investigated, which demonstrated a magnetostructural transition, thermal hysteresis, magnetocaloric effect, and ferromagnetic shape memory effect.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Cheng Ding, Haewon Seo, Masashi Kishimoto, Hiroshi Iwai
Summary: A temperature-controlled microextrusion printing technique is proposed to increase the aspect ratio of mesoscale convex structures at the anode-electrolyte interface in SOFCs. The viscosity and wettability of the anode ink decrease at lower temperatures, allowing the ink to retain its shape on the substrate. By lowering the ink temperature, the interfacial structures of the anode-supported SOFC button cells are increased, leading to a 25% larger interface and improved cell performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Masashi Kishimoto, Yodai Matsui, Hiroshi Iwai
Summary: A structure generation model based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) is developed to synthesize artificial porous microstructures of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes. The model is trained to control the volume fractions of the generated structures and validated by comparing with real electrode microstructures obtained through microscopy analysis. The model successfully generates realistic anode microstructures with accurately controlled volume fractions.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
F. Johnson, J. Zazvorka, L. Beran, D. Boldrin, L. F. Cohen, J. Zemen, M. Veis
Summary: A magnetic thin film with weak ferrimagnetic and noncollinear antiferromagnetic phases is studied, showing a small net magnetization due to strain-associated canting. Symmetry analysis and calculation of magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) spectra suggest that both phases share the same magnetic space group. Additionally, the material exhibits good magneto-optic and magneto-transport properties at room temperature, making it a promising candidate for spintronic applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mayur P. Bonkile, Yang Jiang, Niall Kirkaldy, Valentin Sulzer, Robert Timms, Huizhi Wang, Gregory Offer, Billy Wu
Summary: In this study, a coupled electrochemical-thermal-mechanical model of composite silicon/graphite electrodes in lithium-ion batteries was developed using an open-source physics-based modelling platform. The model was experimentally validated and the effects of C-rates, depth-of-discharge, and temperature on the stress behavior were investigated. The study provides valuable insights into the stress evolution in composite electrodes, which is crucial for improving the performance and stability of batteries.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sofia Ferreira-Teixeira, Alexander Vanstone, Ana L. Pires, Will R. Branford, Joao P. Arafijo, Lesley F. Cohen, Andre M. Pereira
Summary: This study investigates the structural, electrical, and thermal transport properties of ion beam sputtered Sb2Te3 thin films. The results show high resistivity and coexistence of n-type and p-type conduction in these films. Weak antilocalization peaks in magnetoconductance and magnetic localization length suggest the presence of a 2D conduction channel and features of a topological insulator surface state in these films at low temperatures.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luke A. Wilkinson, Troy L. R. Bennett, Iain M. Grace, Joseph Hamill, Xintai Wang, Sophie Au-Yong, Ali Ismael, Samuel P. Jarvis, Songjun Hou, Tim Albrecht, Lesley F. Cohen, Colin Lambert, Benjamin J. Robinson, Nicholas J. Long
Summary: This study investigates the geometric and electronic structure of 1,1'-dialkynylferrocene molecules using various techniques. It reveals that these molecules prefer a 'hairpin' conformation and that the presence and nature of the second alkyne affect their thermoelectric properties. The study also shows that modulating the position of molecular orbitals and the relative position of the secondary alkyne with the metal surface can control the thermoelectric properties of these systems.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Troy L. R. Bennett, Majed Alshammari, Sophie Au-Yong, Ahmad Almutlg, Xintai Wang, Luke A. Wilkinson, Tim Albrecht, Samuel P. Jarvis, Lesley F. Cohen, Ali Ismael, Colin J. Lambert, Benjamin J. Robinson, Nicholas J. Long
Summary: The thermoelectric properties of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can be enhanced by incorporating extra molecular layers, providing a new strategy for the design of thin-film thermoelectric materials.