Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wei Guo, Junfan Pan, Xu Zhang, Sunhua Deng, Chaofan Zhu
Summary: The reasonable introduction of oxygen can effectively reduce energy consumption in the in situ conversion process of oil shale. This study investigates the isothermal oxidative pyrolysis behavior of two oil shales at constant temperatures, revealing the distinction between low-temperature oxidative pyrolysis (LTOP) and high-temperature oxidative pyrolysis (HTOP). A temperature-dependent reaction model was validated, providing insight into the reaction process.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haoshu Ding, Yue Ma, Shuyuan Li, Qing Wang, Wenpeng Hong, Ming Jiang
Summary: Thermal bitumen was obtained by pyrolyzing Fushun oil shale, showing primarily aliphatic structures with specific methylene chain patterns. The presence of benzenes, naphthalenes, phenols, carboxylic acids, and nitrogen compounds were also identified in the thermal bitumen.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Jaber Taheri-Shakib, Apostolos Kantzas
Summary: Microwave irradiation accelerates the efficiency of oil shale pyrolysis and results in higher quality products than conventional heating methods. Additionally, microwave radiation has a better removal effect on impurities like sulfur and nitrogen in oil shale.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hao Lu, Luwei Pan, Yue Guo, Quan Xiong, Fangqin Dai, Shuai Wang
Summary: An experimental investigation was conducted to study the characteristics and transformation mechanism of Jimsar oil shale and derived shale oil. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, liquid H-1 NMR, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques were used. The carbon skeleton structure of Jimsar oil shale is mainly composed of aliphatic carbons and aromatic carbon. Derived shale oil is primarily made of aliphatic compounds dominated by n-alkanes and alkenes. The conversion process involves decomposition of aliphatic groups with methylene structures. Increasing the heating rate promotes secondary cracking reactions in shale oil and enhances the generation of cycloalkanes and aromatic compounds. Shale oil has the maximum yield value, the highest contents of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen, and the lowest oxygen content at a pyrolysis heating rate of 5 degrees C/min.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongwei Huang, Zhiqin Kang, Dong Yang, Ran Cao, Zhenni Cui, Yang Lu
Summary: This paper studied the pyrolysis behavior and kinetics of Jimusar oil shale with H2O, CO2, and N2 injections. The presence of H2O and CO2 promoted the pyrolysis behavior of oil shale, improving its reactivity. The effect of H2O injection was higher than that of CO2, and H2O and CO2 changed the pyrolysis mechanism of oil shale kerogen.
Article
Thermodynamics
Honglei Zhan, Fankai Qin, Sitong Chen, Ru Chen, Zhaohui Meng, Xinyang Miao, Kun Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the pyrolytic degradation mechanism of oil shale through various analytical techniques, revealing a two-step pyrolysis process and providing theoretical support for underground in-situ pyrolysis technology and underground oil shale development.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiafeng Jin, Jinsheng Sun, Kaihe Lv, Qilin Hou, Xuan Guo, Kesong Liu, Yan Deng, Lide Song
Summary: This study synthesized a novel Cu@4 A zeolite nano-catalyst, which exhibited excellent catalytic pyrolysis performance on oil shale. The catalytic pyrolysis behaviors were investigated and the results showed a decrease in the initial pyrolysis temperature and activation energy after catalytic treatment. The yields of oil, gas, H2, and ethylene increased, and Cu@4 A showed selectivity on light alkanes and alkenes. The configurations of hydrocarbons in nano-pore were investigated by Molecular Dynamics simulations and the catalytic mechanism was elucidated.
Article
Thermodynamics
Juan Zhang, Lulu Sun, Jiaqing Zhang, Yanming Ding, Wenlu Chen, Yu Zhong
Summary: Pyrolysis characteristics of Beizao oil shale in nitrogen were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and deconvolution procedure. A new method was proposed to separate multi-step thermal decomposition process. Four parallel reactions were observed in the entire process, and the kinetic parameters of the separated reactions were estimated and optimized to predict the pyrolysis behavior. The obtained kinetic parameters and four-component reaction models can well characterize the entire pyrolysis process of Beizao oil shale.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Parsa Mozaffari, Zachariah Steven Baird, Oliver Jarvik
Summary: This article presents a method for modeling the properties of shale oil's gasoline fraction using the PC-SAFT equation of state. The developed equations were applied to calculate the temperature-dependent properties of shale gasoline, with reasonably accurate results.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuya Hu, Hao Wu, Xiujuan Liang, Changlai Xiao, Quansheng Zhao, Yuqing Cao, Xiran Han
Summary: Laboratory simulation research on the impact of underground environment reveals that in-situ oil shale exploitation can cause temperature disturbances and groundwater contamination risks.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuanzheng Wang, Renyi Cao, Zhihao Jia, Tao Huang, Pin Jia, Linsong Cheng, Wenhao Duan, Zhaole Sun
Summary: The complicated phase behavior of fluids in shale reservoirs is influenced by the pore structure and changes in fluid composition during reservoir development. This study proposes a pore-size-dependent Peng-Robinson equation of state to describe phase behavior in nanopores. The model is validated using published data and shows that fluids in nanoscale pores tend to exhibit near-critical or condensate states. The methodology and phase behavior change mechanism explored in this study provide insights into enhanced oil recovery in shale reservoirs.
FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wei Guo, Xu Zhang, Youhong Sun, Qiang Li, Zhao Liu
Summary: This study investigated the migration mechanism and influencing factors of pyrolysis oil in oil shale reservoirs through experiments and simulations. The results showed that oil components in pyrolysis oil underwent separation and followed an alternate cycle of volatilization, migration, and condensation in high-temperature reservoirs. The deposition of asphaltene and the accumulation of high-viscosity oil significantly reduced reservoir permeability during the middle stage of exploitation. Additionally, it was found that the quality of produced oil and the energy conversion ratio improved greatly when the temperature of injected nitrogen was 500 degrees C.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yoshio Iwai, Koji Matsubara
Summary: A concentration-dependent surface area parameter model was modified to remove the restrictions on the parameters of pure components. This model successfully correlated ternary liquid-liquid equilibria and constituent binary phase equilibria using a single set of binary parameters. The correlated results outperformed those obtained by the NRTL and UNIQUAC models. Additionally, the model accurately represented experimental data for both liquid-liquid and vapor-liquid equilibria at multiple temperatures using a single parameter set.
FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Milad Ahmadi Khoshooei, Yadollah Maham
Summary: The study carefully discusses the enthalpic perspective of liquid phase equilibrium, with a focus on the detailed process of liquid phase transition under confinement to and from vapor and solid phases. It also offers an overview of the challenges and opportunities in calorimetrically studying the bulk equilibrium of liquids. The research adopts an integrative and instructive approach to provide valuable insights and constructive inputs for future studies in the field.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jing Zhao, Lei Wang, Dong Yang, Zhiqin Kang
Summary: This study analyzed the characteristics of oil and gas products obtained at different pyrolysis temperatures during the oil shale pyrolysis process. The results show that the content of hydrocarbon gases first increases and then decreases as the pyrolysis temperature increases, while the H2 content in nonhydrocarbon gases gradually increases. Additionally, when the pyrolysis temperature exceeds 400 ℃, the content of light components in shale oil rapidly increases. Moreover, the H2 content obtained from oil shale pyrolysis by injecting water vapor is approximately eight times higher than that obtained from direct dry distillation, and the shale oil quality under water vapor action is better.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.