Article
Energy & Fuels
Matthias Hornberger, Joseba Moreno, Max Schmid, Gunter Scheffknecht
Summary: The calcium looping process is a high temperature CO2 capture technology using limestone or a calcium containing sorbent. It has shown potential for decarbonizing cement plants by reutilizing CaO and setting new boundary conditions. Results from a pilot plant study show that the oxy-fuel calciner can achieve high regeneration efficiency with various sorbent make-up rates.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shih-Hao Chou, Yi-Shun Chen, Shu-San Hsiau, Shang-Yu Liu
Summary: The calcium looping process is a promising technology for reducing carbon dioxide emissions due to its lower energy consumption compared with other methods. A three-dimensional multifluid model based on the kinetic theory was used to study the motion of granules in the calciner. The results showed that increasing the rotation speed and inclination angle of the calciner decreased the residence time of the particles, reducing their heating probability. Insufficiently calcined particles lower the carbon capture capacity in the next cycle, emphasizing the importance of suitable operating conditions and mechanism designs.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Robert T. Symonds, Dennis Y. Lu, Arturo Macchi, Robin W. Hughes, Edward J. Anthony
Summary: Calcium looping is a feasible CO2 capture technology, but chlorine in fuels can impact the performance of calcium-based sorbents. Experimental results showed that the presence of HCl can increase sorbent reactivity towards CO2 and decrease CO2 diffusional resistance by changing particle morphology during carbonation using Canadian limestone. Additionally, full sorbent dechlorination can be achieved under typical oxy-fuel calcination conditions, with over 99% HCl capture without affecting sorbent CO2 capture performance when steam is present during both carbonation and calcination.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhiwei Chu, Yingjie Li, Chunxiao Zhang, Yi Fang
Summary: A novel pyrolysis-CO2 gasification-water gas shift process for efficient H2 production from oil sludge (OS) was proposed based on calcium looping. The effects of various parameters on H2 generation, CO2 capture, energy conversion, and exergy were analyzed by thermodynamic simulation and experimental studies. Compared to the traditional direct steam gasification process, the novel process showed increased H2 yield, energy conversion efficiency, and exergy efficiency, indicating its promising potential for energy recovery from OS.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ron M. Jacob, Lars-Andre Tokheim
Summary: Around two-thirds of CO2 emissions from the cement industry come from calcite decomposition in the calciner, which can be significantly reduced by electrifying the process. A process simulation model using Aspen Plus was used to study the possibility of this method. The results showed that CO2 emissions could be reduced by up to 78%. The total energy required varied depending on the gas recycling scenario, ranging from 137 MW to 154 MW.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mehri Imani, Maryam Tahmasebpoor, Pedro Enrique Sanchez-Jimenez
Summary: This study investigates the improvement of adsorption performance of eggshell particles by adding metal nitrates through successive incipient wetness impregnation method. The results show that the smaller the crystal size and the larger the surface area of the modified eggshell particles, the higher the molar conversion of CaO. Among the metal nitrates studied, Mg-containing sample with 5 wt% MgO shows the most outstanding performance in terms of molar conversion, capture capacity, and BET surface area.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Afiq Zubir, Nurfanizan Afandi, Abreeza Manap, Awaluddin Abdul Hamid, Bamidele Victor Ayodele, Wen Liu, Mohd Kamaruddin Abd Hamid
Summary: This study compared the performance of different sorbents for CO2 capture using locally sourced limestone, and successfully designed a CCL process integrated into a coal-fired power plant in Malaysia, significantly reducing the specific CO2 emissions of the plant.
FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Rui Han, Yang Wang, Shuang Xing, Caihong Pang, Yang Hao, Chunfeng Song, Qingling Liu
Summary: The calcium looping (CaL) process is a promising CO2 capture technology, but it is limited by CaO grain sintering. This review discusses the fundamental aspects of CaCO3 calcination, including its effects on performance and methods to reduce sintering.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shoubing Chai, Yingjie Li, Wan Zhang, Zirui He
Summary: Ce-doped CaO was found to enhance the efficiency of CO2 and NO removal, reduce the concentration of unreacted CO, and promote simultaneous removal of NO and CO2 in the calcium looping process under a low molar ratio of CO/NO.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ke Wang, Jie Chen, Tianyu Wang, Jie Hong, Pengfei Zhao, Edward J. Anthony
Summary: Capture and conversion of CO2 from optimal scenarios into fuels or chemicals provide a viable solution to combat climate change. The proposed synergistic integration of catalytic calcium-looping gasification of biochar can capture and in situ convert CO2. Experimental tests and characterizations showed that the mixture of limestone and K2CO3-impregnated biochar can enhance decarbonation kinetics and CO yield, maintaining stable CO2 conversion at lower temperatures. The process demonstrated practical scalability and cost-effectiveness, opening a unique direction for net-negative emission.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Martin Greco-Coppi, Carina Hofmann, Jochen Stroehle, Diethelm Walter, Bernd Epple
Summary: The study focuses on integrating the indirectly heated carbonate looping technology into lime plants through two proposed concepts. By establishing heat and mass balances, performing sensitivity analyses, and calculating key performance indicators via process simulations, it is found that a highly integrated concept can increase direct fuel consumption by 63% but convert almost 30% of heat input into electric power.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Francisco M. Baena-Moreno, Daofeng Mei, Henrik Leion, David Pallares
Summary: The calcium looping technology is a promising method for CO2 capture and storage. Previous studies have focused on evaluating this technology using combustion flue gas, while little is known about its performance when capturing CO2 from biogas or gases resulting from hydrothermal carbonization. This experimental study assesses the performance of calcium looping for biogas and finds improved CO2-capture performance compared to combustion flue gas.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Juan Pablo Rincon Duarte, Dorottya Kriechbaumer, Bruno Lachmann, Stefania Tescari, Thomas Fend, Martin Roeb, Christian Sattler
Summary: Technologies for capturing CO2 from industrial processes are crucial for addressing climate change. The CaL cycle, which can be integrated into existing cement plants and powered by renewable energy sources, has gained attention. However, material issues, such as reduced sorption capacity and particles attrition, pose challenges for the continuous cycling process. In this study, we analyzed the performance of cycled limestone under real CO2 capture conditions and identified suitable reactors for a solar CaL cycle in cement plants.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kilsu Park, Taegyu Kim
Summary: Plasma-assisted calcium looping (CaL) process is proposed to enhance the CO2 capture technique by improving the reactivity of CaO carbonation. In this study, an in-situ DRIFTS reactor was used to investigate the carbonation reactivity in the presence of plasma on the CaO surface. The results showed that the plasma can change the reaction pathway and enhance the reaction of CO2 with Ca(OH)2, leading to improved reactivity of CaO carbonation.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jian Chen, Felix Donat, Lunbo Duan, Agnieszka M. Kierzkowska, Sung Min Kim, Yongqing Xu, Edward J. Anthony, Christoph R. Mueller
Summary: An integrated Ca/Cu looping process for CO2 capture was proposed, incorporating Al2O3 and MgO stabilizers to significantly enhance cyclic stability. It was found that the presence of Al2O3 improved the cyclic CO2 capture stability more effectively than MgO, with optimal quantity of 15 mol.% Al2O3 for high and stable CO2 uptake capacity. Furthermore, the cyclic stability was remarkably enhanced with increasing carbonation/oxidation temperature, suggesting the important role of intermediate phase Cu2O at high temperatures.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Antti Pitkaoja, Jouni Ritvanen, Selina Hafner, Timo Hyppanen, Gunter Scheffknecht
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jussi Saari, Petteri Peltola, Tero Tynjala, Timo Hyppanen, Juha Kaikko, Esa Vakkilainen
Article
Thermodynamics
Petteri Peltola, Jussi Saari, Tero Tynjala, Timo Hyppanen
Article
Energy & Fuels
Antti Pitkaoja, Jouni Ritvanen, Selina Hafner, Timo Hyppanen, Guenter Scheffknecht
Summary: Sorption-enhanced gasification is a promising technology for producing renewable feedstock gas. It operates at lower temperatures than conventional gasifiers, and modeling the decomposition products at different temperatures is crucial for understanding the SEG process. Developing a fuel model and conducting experiments to simulate the process can enhance our understanding of material balances in SEG reactors.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jouni Ritvanen, Kari Myohanen, Antti Pitkaoja, Timo Hyppa
Summary: Sorption enhanced gasification is a promising technology for producing gas from renewable feedstock, and research has shown that optimal producer gas composition can be achieved under specific conditions. The developed model prediction matches experimental data and can be used for exploring new control strategies.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jouni Ritvanen, Yegor Chechurin, Timo Hyppanen
Summary: This study introduces a practical characterization method and modeling tool for gas-solid flows, deriving phase interaction for specific solid material and providing physical predictions for both stationary and transient gas-solid flow simulations.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Petteri Peltola, Falah Alobaid, Tero Tynjaelae, Jouni Ritvanen
Summary: This article provides a brief review of the modeling of chemical looping combustion (CLC), a next-generation CO2 capture technology, in bubbling and circulating fluidized bed reactors. The article presents a summary of published mathematical reactor models, with a focus on a macroscopic modeling approach that combines transport equations with semiempirical correlations to describe key fluidized bed phenomena. The article highlights important aspects to be considered in the modeling of CLC in a dual fluidized bed reactor system and identifies research needs. So far, semiempirical reactor models have been validated based on experimental results, but there is limited research on dynamic process simulation of CLC.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Mehar Ullah, Daniel Gutierrez-Rojas, Eero Inkeri, Tero Tynjala, Pedro H. J. Nardelli
Summary: This study provides a systematic analysis of selected research articles on power-to-X (P2X)-related processes. It highlights the importance of transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy in order to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. The study focuses on the potential of the P2X process chain to convert renewable energy into storable hydrogen, chemicals, and fuels. Additionally, it explores the use of advanced data-driven methods and technologies for efficient operation of P2X-related processes, such as the Internet of Things, big data analytics, and machine learning.
Article
Thermodynamics
Antti Pitkaoja, Jouni Ritvanen
Summary: The study investigates the use of H2O staging and cooling in a circulating fluidised bed gasifier to enhance its chemical reactions and allow for direct adjustment of the gasifier's operating parameters, increasing flexibility in tailoring the composition of the producer gas.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Markku Nikku, Kari Myohanen, Jouni Ritvanen, Timo Hyppanen
Summary: Transient Eulerian simulations were conducted to evaluate the mixing of a secondary solid phase in a laboratory-scale circulating fluidized bed riser. The simulation data can be used for model development and computation in mixing with simplified models. Multiple simulations were performed with varied parameters, and the results were averaged to obtain average mixing profiles for each secondary solid phase. Details of the modeling, averaging, geometry, materials, and cases can be found in the open-access publication by Nikku et al. (Chem. Eng. Sci. 269, 118503) (C) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Article
Thermodynamics
Kasra Aliyon, Fatemeh Rajaee, Jouni Ritvanen
Summary: The objective of this study is to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) based approach that predicts the utility consumptions of different absorption-based carbon capture (ACC) process designs. The AI models show an error between 0.4% and 3.6% for predicting the specific reboiler duty, which is crucial for the operational costs of ACC plants. Moreover, the study identifies the influence of each process parameter on energy consumption using explainable artificial intelligence.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.