Article
Energy & Fuels
Shirish Kumar Sharma, Anand M. Shivapuji, S. Dasappa
Summary: This study focuses on char gasification in steam for generating syngas in a two-stage gasification technology for high-ash coal. Controlled experiments were conducted to investigate the dependence of char reactivity on temperature, gas composition, flow rate, and carbon conversion rate. The results showed that small particles have higher reactivity compared to bigger particles, making them suitable for pilot-scale operations. Pilot-scale experiments were also carried out in an oxy-steam environment, and the results were compared to simulated experiments for small particles. The addition of oxygen with steam improved the reactivity of char gasification, but led to a decrease in the calorific value of the gas.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhenghong Zhao, Zewu Zhang, Fan Wu, Yuxiao Chen, Cong Luo, Xiaoshan Li, Ge Gao, Liqi Zhang, Chuguang Zheng
Summary: This study investigates the impact of steam addition on turbulent mixing and chemical reaction in pulverized coal MILD-oxy combustion. The results show that steam affects flame temperature, weakens internal flue gas recirculation, and transitions the combustion towards turbulent mixing control. With increasing steam concentration, chemical reactions shift towards diffusion-controlled regime.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Roberto Gabbrielli, Federica Barontini, Stefano Frigo, Luigi Bressan
Summary: This study analyzes an innovative method for the disposal and effective exploitation of sewage sludges by integrating oxy-steam co-gasification and methanization. The numerical analysis and experimental validation show the high energy conversion efficiency and methane yield of the oxy-steam co-gasification process. However, the high water consumption and electricity demand are critical issues for methane production.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Xiaowei Cai, Changming Du
Summary: The traditional thermal technology for processing medical waste poses risks of secondary pollution, while thermal plasma technologies are gaining attention due to advantages such as high temperature, lower pollutant emissions, and smaller installation size, especially in cases of a sudden increase in medical waste.
PLASMA CHEMISTRY AND PLASMA PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Simon Vecten, Michael Wilkinson, Nuno Bimbo, Richard Dawson, Ben M. J. Herbert
Summary: The study effectively converted biomass into combustible gas using pure steam in a microwave-induced plasma reactor, achieving a carbon conversion efficiency of over 98% and producing syngas with high calorific value and rich hydrogen content.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arashdeep Singh, Arvind Gupta, N. Rakesh, Anand M. Shivapuji, S. Dasappa
Summary: The article presents an experimental investigation on the generation of hydrogen-rich syngas through oxy-steam gasification of corncobs, establishing a promising route for renewable methanol production. The study focuses on biomass gasification coupled with swing adsorption-based gas separation to produce module-adjusted clean syngas for catalytic methanol synthesis.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nicolas Spiegl, Xiangyi Long, Cesar Berrueco, Nigel Paterson, Marcos Millan
Summary: A novel process has been developed to isolate a concentrated stream of CO2 from the exhaust of a power station by operating a fluidized bed gasifier with pure O2 and recycled CO2. By combining CO2 capture with the use of biomass, net negative emissions can be achieved. Co-processing biomass with lignite can further improve overall process performance.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jun Feng, Sumin Gu, Rong Zhang, Xuan Qu, Jicheng Bi
Summary: The effect of steam in crude gas on Co-Ca bimetal catalyzed coal hydrogasification was investigated using H2 and steam mixtures. The presence of steam significantly inhibited Co-Ca activity toward hydrogasification. This study provides insights for developing an inexpensive and effective process for coal to clean fuels.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bin Xu, Jianjun Xie, Nantao Wang, Yanqin Huang, Huacai Liu, Xiuli Yin, Chuangzhi Wu, Xin Tu
Summary: Steam reforming of toluene was conducted in a DBD plasma reactor with Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. The study investigated the effects of reaction temperature, catalyst calcination temperature, and permittivity of packing materials on the reaction performance and synergistic effect of plasma catalysis. The results showed that toluene conversion initially decreased and then increased with temperature, achieving a high conversion rate of 87.1% at 450°C. Catalysts prepared at lower calcination temperatures or with higher permittivity packing materials exhibited better performance due to larger Ni surface area and higher surface discharge. The study highlighted the potential of this approach for sustainable hydrogen production.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
X. Long, N. Spiegl, C. Berrueco, N. Paterson, M. Millan
Summary: The study found that in oxy-fuel gasification, tars released during pyrolysis are efficiently destroyed in the hot, char-containing bed, with low emissions compared to conventional gasifiers. The release of S and NH3 depends on fuel composition and operating conditions, with increased CO2 partial pressure, steam, and temperature leading to increased S release and steam increasing N conversion to NH3.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuna Ma, Zhenting Zha, Chen Huang, Zefeng Ge, Mingxun Zeng, Huiyan Zhang
Summary: Gasification technology is an effective method for disposing organic solid wastes (OSWs) in an efficient and resourceful way. The co-disposal of OSWs is highly essential due to their complex sources and variable components. In this study, various typical OSWs were selected and their gasification characteristics and synergistic performance were examined. The results showed that furfural residue (FR) had significantly higher gasification activity compared to other OSWs. In co-gasification with cooked rice (CR) under a CO2 atmosphere, FR exhibited a positive synergistic effect, while agricultural wastes showed slight or no synergistic effect. In steam co-gasification, rice husk (RH), sugarcane bagasse (SB), and FR all promoted the generation of syngas, with FR showing significant synergistic effects. The excellent performance of FR in (co-)gasification can be attributed to its acidic properties, as confirmed by comparing its performance with and without water-washing pretreatment. This work provides guidance for the industrial co-disposal of OSWs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ana Escudero, Maria Aznar, Luis Diez
Summary: This paper investigates the combustion characteristics of coal under oxy-steam conditions, finding that steam has different effects on different coal ranks, reducing NO formation for bituminous coal and increasing it for sub-bituminous coal. Additionally, increasing O2 concentrations can attenuate the effects of steam addition.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shakirudeen A. Salaudeen, Bishnu Acharya, Animesh Dutta
Summary: This study numerically investigated the steam gasification of hydrochar derived from fruit wastes using Aspen Plus. The results showed that hydrothermal carbonization increased the CO content and decreased the CO2 content of the syngas, while HHV increased with pressure. Temperature had an impact on the composition of the syngas.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Liping Tan, Lei Cai, Yidan Fu, Zining Zhou, Yanwen Guan
Summary: This study proposes a biomass gasification integrated natural gas combined cycle for carbon emission reduction. By adjusting the flow rate of CO2 and H2O in gasifying agents, the biomass mixing ratio and energy efficiency can be improved.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ramin Azargohar, Sonil Nanda, Venu Babu Borugadda, He Cheng, Toby Bond, Chithra Karunakaran, Ajay K. Dalai
Summary: In this research, canola meal was densified using bio-additives to optimize the formulation of fuel pellets. The best fuel pellet demonstrated relaxed density and mechanical durability. Lack of water in pellet formulation led to increased pellet porosity, and the ignition and burn-out temperatures for the fuel pellet were lower than those for coal.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.