Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chee Yoong Chooi, Jia Huey Sim, Shiau Foon Tee, Zhi Hua Lee
Summary: The research focuses on developing a kinetic mechanism for biodiesel production catalyzed by a CaO nanocatalyst derived from waste cockle shells via thermal hydration-dehydration treatment. The transesterification reaction follows a Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic mechanism with surface reaction as the rate-limiting step, offering a relatively low activation energy and high FAME yield. The optimal conditions for preparing the nano CaO catalyst and conducting transesterification reactions were investigated and demonstrated promising results for potential industrial applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ke Li, Jie Chen, Xiao-an Nie
Summary: The study shows that glycerol in pre-esterification of waste oil can reduce the acid value to a lower level in one step, and the optimized process conditions obtained through orthogonal experiment can achieve high conversion rate and good environmental protection, making it easier to realize the continuous synthesis of biodiesel from waste oil with high acid.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sri Divya Kuravi, S. Venkata Mohan
Summary: In this study, Monoraphidium sp. SVMIICT6 was cultivated in a flat-panel photobioreactor to treat synthetic dairy wastewater. The results showed high removal efficiencies of COD, nitrates, and phosphates, as well as the production of abundant biomass.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Carsten Wedler, J. P. Martin Trusler
Summary: Biodiesel fuels are comprised of a mixture of different fatty acid esters, which have significant effects on combustion and storage. This study reviews the available experimental data on density and viscosity of fatty acid methyl, ethyl, and butyl esters and identifies gaps in the literature. The research includes 16 different esters from three ester families and provides an overview of generalized models for describing density and viscosity at elevated pressures.
Article
Energy & Fuels
David Chaos-Hernandez, Hilda Elizabeth Reynel-Avila, Didilia Ileana Mendoza-Castillo, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet, Ismael Alejandro Aguayo-Villarreal
Summary: This study optimized the pyrolysis, functionalization, and activation of coconut endocarp-based catalysts for transesterification to produce FAME. Results showed that thermal activation improved catalyst properties, leading to high FAME formation. Physicochemical characterization explained the performance of these catalysts, suggesting their potential as a low-cost alternative for biodiesel production.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Gabriela E. Mijangos, Cristina Cuautli, Issis C. Romero-Ibarra, Jorge Vazquez-Arenas, Carlos E. Santolalla-Vargas, Victor Santes, Adrian A. Castaneda-Galvan, Heriberto Pfeiffer
Summary: This study analyzes the influence of sodium and lithium content in the metasilicate crystal structure on the heterogeneous transesterification reaction for biodiesel production. The results show that sodium metasilicate possesses better stability and reutilization capacity compared to lithium metasilicate. DFT calculations reveal significant differences between these two catalysts.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenying Shi, Tengfei Li, Hongbin Li, Qiyun Du, Haixia Zhang, Xiaohong Qin
Summary: An integrated process combining esterification, transesterification, and separation steps was used to produce biodiesel from acidic oil. The results showed high conversion rates and compliance with international standards for the biodiesel product.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Walid Kamal Abdelbasset, Saud M. Alrawaili, Shereen H. Elsayed, Tazeddinova Diana, Sami Ghazali, Bassem F. Felemban, Mohammed Zwawi, Mohammed Algarni, Chia-Hung Su, Hoang Chinh Nguyen, Omar Mahmoud
Summary: There is a growing attention to bio and renewable energies due to the depletion of fossil fuels and global warming. In this study, a modeling and simulation method using artificial intelligence (AI) was developed to predict the production of bioenergy from vegetable bean oil. Various AI methods were applied to predict the yield of Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) production, and the models were evaluated using different metrics. The results showed high accuracy and the boosted SVR and ANN models demonstrated better prediction efficiency.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mohammadreza Asghari, Bahram Hosseinzadeh Samani, Rahim Ebrahimi, Sajad Rostami, Ebrahim Fayyazi
Summary: In this study, a liquid-phase capillary discharge plasma reactor was developed for the continuous production of biodiesel from sunflower oil at ambient temperature and pressure. The response surface method (RSM) was used to optimize FAME content by examining four main operational parameters. The results showed that the reactor could continuously produce 95.9% methyl ester content with high conversion efficiency at low temperatures and with minimum inputs compared to common methods.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mudheher M. Ali, Safaa M. R. Ahmed, Dhia Y. Aqar, Saba A. Gheni, Ghassan H. Abdullah, Marwan A. Mahmood, Omar A. Habeeb, Adam Harvey, Anh N. Phan
Summary: The use of cheap catalysts in the continuous transesterification of waste cooking oil to biodiesel was investigated. The dolomite catalyst showed excellent performance and stable activity, achieving a high conversion rate of 96%.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nazrizawati A. Tajuddin, Jinesh C. Manayil, Adam F. Lee, Karen Wilson
Summary: This study reports an alkali-free route to prepare NixAl LDH catalysts and investigates the reconstruction effect of LDH under hydrothermal treatment. The reconstructed LDH exhibits higher catalytic activity and stability for transesterification reactions.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Abdulkareem G. Alsultan, Nurul Asikin-Mijan, Zueriani Ibrahim, Robiah Yunus, Siti Zulaika Razali, Nasar Mansir, Aminul Islam, Sivasangar Seenivasagam, Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
Summary: Biodiesel, made from recyclable feedstocks such as vegetable oils, is an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, with the potential to reduce carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions; the synthesis process involves key factors such as feedstock, catalytic agents, and reaction conditions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fengchao Zha, Min Shi, Hui Li, Jiajia Rao, Bingcan Chen
Summary: By encapsulating lipase into metal-organic frameworks, the affinity between the enzyme and substrate is improved, leading to higher biodiesel yield and substrate selectivity. The biocomposites also show reasonable reusability.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nur Hidayah Mat Yasin, Nur Nadiah Che Aziz, Muhammad Badrun Amin Azmai, Mohamad Fitri Mohd Hanapi
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different solvents on the production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from Chlorella vulgaris using two different methods of transesterification: direct transesterification (d-trans) and extraction transesterification (ext-trans). Different solvents were expected to lead to different amounts of FAMEs. Two solvents (methanol and ethanol) with volumes of each of 10,12 and 14 mL were selected to produce higher amounts of FAMEs.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Dylan Karis, Robert Cain, Kenneth Young, Alexander Shand, Trevor Holm, Ethan Springer
Summary: Biodiesel has been a pioneer in green fuel alternatives, and recent advancements in decarboxylation have increased interest in renewable diesel. However, traditional biodiesel producers are concerned about the disruption to the supply chain and market demand, while biodiesel also has many non-fuel applications.
BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.