Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
E. Richely, A. Bourmaud, H. Dhakal, Z. Zhang, J. Beaugrand, S. Guessasma
Summary: This study investigates the morphology and internal structure of flax fibers using X-ray microtomography (mu-CT) and finite element (FE) modeling. The results show that flax fibers have intricate shapes and internal lumen morphology, with porosity contents ranging from 0 to 7.2%. The numerical results reveal that the stiffness decreases due to the combined effects of porosity and stress heterogeneity caused by geometrical considerations. Stress concentrations induced by surface roughness and complex lumen shape are also observed, highlighting their potential contribution to failure mechanisms. However, the Young's moduli are overestimated compared to experimental curves, and the model does not consider nonlinearities or damage mechanisms. Future work should include the orientation and reorientation of cellulose microfibrils during tensile testing, as well as damage mechanisms.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Qiwen Qiu
Summary: The paper presents a progressive methodology that combines X-ray micro computed tomography (μCT) and finite element analysis (FEA) to test the thermal conductivity of wood at the mesoscale level. The analytical wood conductivities from μCT-based FEA agree well with those from the theoretical analysis and the existing experimental findings. Using μCT-based FEA also enables the numerical evaluation of the effects of grain orientation, porosity, and water saturation degree on thermal conductivity of wood.
NDT & E INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. J. Cresswell-Boyes, G. R. Davis, M. Krishnamoorthy, D. Mills, A. H. Barber
Summary: Human teeth can be mechanically replicated using 3D printing to create biomimetic typodont teeth. The mechanical performance of the biomimetic teeth depends on the ratio of material mechanical properties rather than the absolute material properties.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
G. Alonso Aruffo, M. Michrafy, D. Oulahna, A. Michrafy
Summary: This study developed a modeling approach for predicting density distribution near two facing grooves on a parallelepiped surface, validated by X-ray tomography. An experimental hybrid procedure was proposed to calibrate material parameters and applied in FEM compaction simulation using ALE method. The predicted results showed high density under the groove, low density on flanks and shoulders, and a strong density gradient between facing grooves, with good agreement between the calibrated model and measurements. The proposed hybrid calibration procedure can be applied to die of different shapes and sizes, and the ALE approach demonstrated robustness in addressing mesh distortions during powder compaction.
Article
Mechanics
Michal Doroszko, Andrzej Seweryn
Summary: This paper presents a numerical model of the deformation process, including local fracture of porous 316L sinters at the mesoscopic scale using the finite element method. The study discusses the influence of material structure on the meso-scale fracture process, compares numerical results with experimental testing, and analyzes stress and strain fields caused by local fracture in the investigated heterogeneous material.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tai-Jan Huang, Sridhar Niverty, Arun Sundar, Nikhilesh Chawla
Summary: Meteorite samples that land on earth provide important information about asteroids and meteors in space. This study used 3D x-ray tomography, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy to analyze the microstructure, elemental composition, and mechanical properties of the Aba Panu meteorite. The results contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the formation history and characteristics of the meteorite.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Yong Li, Yanmeng Chi, Chaojie Zhao, Yanan Miao, Shanling Han, Long Chen
Summary: In this study, X-ray microtomography and the lattice Boltzmann method were used to investigate the internal structures and fluid flow characteristics of carbon fiber media. The results demonstrated the effects of differential pressure, fluid kinematic viscosity, and boundary conditions on flow velocity, and showed that the use of a fractal model for permeability prediction yielded poor results.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Haruto Sugawara, Toshihiro Furuta, Akira Sumiyoshi, Megumi Iiyama, Masaru Kamitani, Aiko Suzuki, Arao Murakami, Osamu Abe, Ichio Aoki, Hiroyuki Akai
Summary: In this study, a CT lymphangiography method was established in mice via direct lymph node puncture. The results showed that the contrast ratios and visual assessment scores of lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels were significantly better in the direct puncture group compared to the CT or MR interstitial injection method.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nolwenn Le Gall, Fabio Arzilli, Giuseppe La Spina, Margherita Polacci, Biao Cai, Margaret E. Hartley, Nghia T. Vo, Robert C. Atwood, Danilo Di Genova, Sara Nonni, Edward W. Llewellin, Mike R. Burton, Peter D. Lee
Summary: The study investigated the impact of crystallisation kinetics on lava flow behavior by using real-time synchrotron X-ray microtomography to observe the nucleation and growth of clinopyroxene and plagioclase in oxidised, nominally anhydrous basaltic magma. It was found that under continuous cooling, the onset of key transitions in lava hardening occurred within a shorter timeframe, demonstrating the potential of real-time synchrotron X-ray tomography in analyzing the solidification history of basaltic lavas.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Gaku Okuma, Satoshi Tanaka, Fumihiro Wakai
Summary: X-ray microtomography was used to study the microstructure evolution in 3D, revealing the relationship between the topology of pore networks and characteristic length with densification. The increase in characteristic length with decreasing genus in the intermediate stage results in domain coarsening. This coarsening is a natural consequence of pore evolution in viscous sintering, leading to a decrease in total surface area due to topological transformations.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Raul Munoz, Rocio Seltzer, Federido Sket, Carlos Gonzalez, Javier Llorca
Summary: This study investigates the low velocity impact behavior and energy absorption capability of a hybrid 3D woven composite made from different fibers. The experimental results reveal the material's pseudo-ductile behavior and its higher capability to absorb impact energy when the glass plies are located at the back face of the laminate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Parmesh Gajjar, Thai T. H. Nguyen, Jun Sun, Ioanna D. Styliari, Hrishikesh Bale, Samuel A. McDonald, Timothy L. Burnett, Benjamin Tordoff, Erik Lauridsen, Robert B. Hammond, Darragh Murnane, Philip J. Withers, Kevin J. Roberts
Summary: This study combines X-ray computed tomography and molecular modeling, with the first application of diffraction contrast tomography to organic polycrystalline materials, investigating the crystal properties and powder packing behavior of hexamine. Crystal morphology is predicted through synthonic modeling, with DCT confirming the 3D structure of crystallography on external facets, edges, and corners. Analysis reveals agglomerate structures and orientational texture in the powder bed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenjia Du, Zhangxiang Hao, Francesco Iacoviello, Lin Sheng, Shaoliang Guan, Zhenyu Zhang, Daniel J. L. Brett, Feng Ryan Wang, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: Rechargeable Mg/S batteries have the potential for various applications due to their high capacity, energy density, safety, and cost-efficiency, but face technical challenges such as short cycle lifespan and lack of suitable electrolyte. By utilizing multiscale X-ray tomography, the microstructure degradation of Mg/S batteries is studied, revealing the dissolution, agglomeration of sulfur particles, and carbon binder densification after cycles, impacting the cell performance significantly. This study demonstrates the importance of multiscale and multimodal characterization in developing and optimizing the Mg/S electrode design.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Sang-Hun Jang, Jiwon Lee, Onseok Lee
Summary: The researchers analyzed radiation images of mouse soleus muscle structure using microtomography and nanotomography techniques, obtaining 3D images of muscle tissue microstructures through phase-contrast X-ray microtomography. Additionally, they examined single muscle fibers using hard X-ray nano-imaging to observe the alignment of myofibrils in muscle fibers.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Philip Townsend, Emanuel Larsson, Tomas Karlson, Stephen A. Hall, Malin Lundman, Per Bergstrom, Charlotta Hanson, Niklas Loren, Tobias Geback, Aila Sarkka, Magnus Roding
Summary: The research explores the relationship between fiber structure and properties using a virtual fiber model as a replacement for real material. 3D image data sets of a sample fibrous material are obtained via X-ray microtomography to estimate parameters for generating virtual fiber structures. Experimental results demonstrate good agreement between the virtual structure and physical material in terms of permeability.
COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Robert A. Taylor, Naomi Tsafnat, Alex Washer
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2016)
Letter
Microbiology
Sally R. Partridge, Guy Tsafnat
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2012)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Guy Tsafnat, Jaron Schaeffer, Andrew Clayphan, Jon R. Iredell, Sally R. Partridge, Enrico Coiera
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Frank P. Y. Lin, Stephen Anthony, Thomas M. Polasek, Guy Tsafnat, Matthew P. Doogue
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
(2011)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Miew Keen Choong, Guy Tsafnat
BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(2012)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Miew Keen Choong, Guy Tsafnat
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Naomi Tsafnat, Negin Amanat, Allan S. Jones
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Naomi Tsafnat, Stephen Wroe
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2011)
Article
Physics, Applied
Baptiste Gault, Michael P. Moody, Frederic de Geuser, Guy Tsafnat, Alexandre La Fontaine, Leigh T. Stephenson, Daniel Haley, Simon P. Ringer
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2009)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Uphar Chamoli, Ashish D. Diwan, Naomi Tsafnat
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
(2014)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
R. K. W. Marceau, N. Tsafnat, D. Haley, S. P. Ringer
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2010)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naomi Tsafnat, John D. Fitz Gerald, Hai N. Le, Zbigniew H. Stachurski
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Negin Amanat, Naomi Tsafnat, Bob C. E. Loo, Allan S. Jones
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2009)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Guy Tsafnat, Joseph Copty, Sally R. Partridge
DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION
(2011)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Guy Tsafnat, Adam Dunn, Paul Glasziou, Enrico Coiera
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2013)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.